2022年托福考试阅读真题模拟练习

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑——2022年托福考试阅读真题模拟练习形成天才的抉择因素理应是勤奋。以下是我为大家探寻整理的2022年托福考试阅读真题模拟练习，梦想能给大家带来扶助!更多精彩内容请实时关注我们我!

PASSAGE33

Researchersinthefieldofpsychologyhavefoundthatoneofthebestwaystomakeanimportantdecision,suchaschoosingauniversitytoattendorabusinesstoinvestin,involvestheutilizationofadecisionworksheet.Psychologistswhostudyoptimizationcomparetheactualdecisionsmadebypeopletotheoreticalidealdecisionstoseehowsimilartheyare.Proponentsoftheworksheetprocedurebelievethatitwillyieldoptimal,thatis,thebestdecisions.Althoughthereareseveralvariationsontheexactformatthatworksheetscantake,theyareallsimilarintheiressentialaspects.Worksheetsrequiredefiningtheprobleminaclearandconcisewayandthenlistingallpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.Next,thepertinentconsiderationsthatwillbeaffectedbyeachdecisionarelisted,andtherelativeimportanceofeachconsiderationorconsequenceisdetermined.Eachconsiderationisassignedanumericalvaluetoreflectitsrelativeimportance.Adecisionismathematicallycalculatedbyaddingthesevaluestogether.Thealternativewiththehighestnumberofpointsemergesasthebestdecision.

Sincemostimportantproblemsaremultifaceted,thereareseveralalternativestochoosefrom,eachwithuniqueadvantagesanddisadvantages.Oneofthebenefitsofapencilandpaperdecision-makingprocedureisthatitpermitspeopletodealwithmorevariablesthantheirmindscangenerallycomprehendandremember.Ontheaverage,peoplecankeepaboutsevenideasintheirmindsatonce.Aworksheetcanbeespeciallyusefulwhenthedecisioninvolvesalargenumberofvariableswithcomplexrelationships.ArealisticexampleformanycollegestudentsisthequestionWhatwillIdoaftergraduation?Agraduatemightseekapositionthatoffersspecializedtraining,pursueanadvanceddegree,ortravelabroadforayear.

Adecision-makingworksheetbeginswithasuccinctstatementoftheproblemthatwillalsohelptonarrowit.Itisimportanttobeclearaboutthedistinctionbetweenlong-rangeandimmediategoalsbecauselong-rangegoalsofteninvolveadifferentdecisionthanshort-rangeones.Focusingonlong-rangegoals,agraduatingstudentmightrevisethequestionabovetoWhatwillIdoaftergraduationthatwillleadtosuccessfulcareer?

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

AAtooltoassistinmakingcomplexdecisions.

BAcomparisonofactualdecisionsandidealdecisions

CResearchonhowpeoplemakedecisions

DDifferencesbetweenlong-rangeandshort-rangedecisionmaking

2.Thewordessentialinline7isclosestinmeaningto

Aintroductory

Bchangeable

Cbeneficial

Dfundamental

3.Thewordpertinentinline9isclosestinmeaningto

Arelevant

Bpreceding

Cinsightful

Dresponsive

4.Ofthefollowingsteps,whichoccursbeforetheothersinmakingadecisionworksheet?

AListingtheconsequencesofeachsolution

BCalculatinganumericalsummaryofeachsolution

CDecidingwhichconsequencesaremostimportant

DWritingdownallpossiblesolutions

5.Accordingtodecision-worksheettheory,anoptimaldecisionisdefinedasonethat

Ahasthefewestvariablestoconsider

Busesthemostdecisionworksheets

Chasthemostpointsassignedtoit

Disagreedtobythegreatestnumberofpeople

6.Theauthordevelopsthediscussioninparagraph1bymeansof

Adescribingaprocess

Bclassifyingtypesofworksheets

Cprovidinghistoricalbackground

Dexplainingatheory

7.TheauthorstatesthatOntheaverage,peoplecankeepaboutsevenideasintheirmindsatoncelines17-18toexplainthat

Amostdecisionsinvolvesevensteps

Bhumanmentalcapacityhaslimitations

Csomepeoplehavedifficultymakingminoraswellasmajordecisions

Dpeoplecanlearntokeepmorethansevenideasintheirmindswithpractice

8.Thewordsuccinctinline24isclosestinmeaningto

Acreative

Bsatisfactory

Cpersonal

Dconcise

9.Whichofthefollowingtermsisdefinedinthepassage?

AProponentsline5

BOptimalline5

CVariablesline17

DLong-rangegoalsline25

10.Theword