Unit7讲义 八年级英语上册

Unit7讲义鲁教版八年级英语上册1、掌握现在完成时的语法2、学会描述自己过去的经历3、掌握本单元出现的一些重点词汇和重要句型，并能灵活运用4、amuse

vt.使欢乐;使发笑；【拓展】

（1）amusement

n.

娱乐，消遣；They

often

sing

for

their

own

amusement.

他们常常唱歌自娱。

（2）娱乐活动Reading

and

seeing

movies

are

my

amusements.

阅读和看电影是我的娱乐活动。5、fear

v.

害怕；担心Many

people

fear

change

because

they

do

not

like

the

old

ways

to

be

changed.

很多人惧怕变化，因为他们不喜欢旧有的生活方式被改变。【辨析】afraid

adj.害怕的；担心的be

afraid

of+doing

sth.

害怕做某事I

am

afraid

of

going

out

at

night.我害怕晚上出去。be

afraid

that+从句

恐怕...

I

am

afraid

that

you

have

to

call

him

now.恐怕你得现在就给他打电话。6、seem

v.

“好像，似乎”

【搭配】(1)seem其后加形容词。He

seems

unhappy

today.他今天好像不高兴。She

seems

very

sad.

她似乎很伤心。(2)

seem

+

(to

be)

+

n.They

seem

(to

be)

doctors.

他们好像是医生。(3)

seem

+

(to

be)

+

介词

It

seems

like

years

since

I

last

saw

her.

自从上次遇到她,好像已过了许多年。(4)

seem

to

do.He

seems

to

be

happy.

他好像很高兴。My

mother

seemed

to

know

that.

我妈妈好像知道那件事。(5)It

seems

that

+

从句It

seems

that

he

is

happy.=

He

seems

(to

be)

happy.他好像很快乐。7、attract

v.吸引（1）用作及物动词，可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。The

noise

attracted

his

attention.喧嚷声引起了他的注意。（2）

attract常用于be

attracted

to

sb

/

sth结构，意为“喜爱某人或某物”。I’m

very

attracted

to

her.我非常喜欢她。8、quarter

n.

四分之一；一刻钟

three

quarters

四分之三I’ve

got

to

go

in

a

quarter

of

an

hour.

一刻钟以后我就得走了。9、wake

v.

醒来；唤醒

过去式--woke

过去分词--wokenShe

went

upstairs

to

wake

John.她上楼去叫醒约翰。【搭配】wake

sb.

up

叫醒某人Don’t

wake

him

up.不要叫醒他。10、discover

v.发现（1）作“发现”讲时，作及物动词，后跟名词作宾语，指的是那些原已存在的，但不为人知的物或事等They

discovered

him

stealing

public

property.他们发现他盗窃公共财产。Who

discovered

the

America?谁发现了美洲？（2）discover还可意为“知道事实，答案”I

soon

discovered

the

truth.

不久我便知道了真相11、encourage

sb.

to

do

sth.

鼓励某人做某事My

father

encouraged

me

to

take

part

in

the

sports

meeting.父亲鼓励我参加运动会。12、on

the

one

hand…

on

the

other

hand一方面……另一方面……On

the

one

hand,

she

taught

English,

on

the

other

hand

she

learned

Chinese.

她一方面教英语,

一方面学习汉语。13、This

means

that

you

can

find

Disney

characters

all

over

the

roller

coaster.那意味着你会在旱冰场上到处看见迪斯尼的知名人物。

【用法】(1)mean表示“意味着”用来表示人的言论或行为，某一标志或词语的意思所指。What

do

you

mean?

你的话是什么意思。

What

does

this

word

mean?=What's

the

meaning

of

this

word?这个词是什么意思？

(2)意欲，打算

He

means

to

go

tomorrow.他打算明天去。

He

meant

no

harm;

he

only

meant

to

help.他没有恶意，仅想帮忙。(3)有意义，有价值，常和much,

little等连用。

His

work

means

a

lot

of

him.

他的工作对他意义很大。

It

doesn't

mean

a

thing

to

her

that

we

are

all

waiting

because

she's

late.因为他迟到我们都在等他，可他却认为这不是什么大不了的事。14、The

old

computers

were

much

bigger.

这些旧电脑要大得多。【用法】much可修饰形容词比较级，表示……得多。

much

richer，a

little,

even,

a

bit也可以修饰形容词比较级。

15、Watching

the

tea

preparation

is

just

as

enjoyable

as

drinking

the

tea

itself.看沏茶的过程和饮茶本身一样令人愉快。【拓展】-able是一个典型的形容词后缀,

可加在动词之后,

表示“可…..的;

能够……的”。此处enjoyable(能使人快乐的;

令人愉快的)

便是一例,

再如:drinkable(可饮用的),

washable(可洗的),

readable(可读的),

usable(可用的;

可使用的)等等。16、The

most

interesting

museum

I’ve

been

to

is

the

American

Computer

Museum.我去过的最有趣的博物馆是美国电脑博物馆。多音节词和部分双音节形容词最高级加most构成，前面加the。the

most

beautiful

girl

最漂亮的女孩。17、I've

never

been

to

an

amusement

park

like

it

before.我以前从未去过那样的露天游乐场。(1)副词never作“永不，决不”解，表示全部否定，一般指经常性的状态，不用于修饰一次性的具体动作；一般位于系动词及助动词之后，实义动词之前，如修饰动词不定式或分词，则要放在不定式或分词之前；never可用于句首加强语气，其后的句子要主谓倒装。I

can

never

understand

why

Mary

said

nothing

about

her

wrongs.我绝不理解玛丽说的她什么也没有做错。I

hope

never

to

see

him

again．

我希望再也不要见到他。He

is

never

late

for

class．

他上课从不迟到。Never

have

l

seen

such

a

strange

person．

我从来没看见过这样的怪人。(2)before用作副词表示“以前”。泛指“以前”时，谓语动词可用一般过去时表示过去发生过，，也可用现在完成时则表示对现在的影响。用于特指时通常置于表示具体时间的名词之后。We

saw

that

film

before.

那部电影我们以前看过。I

have

never

seen

such

a

beautiful

scene.

我从来没有见过这样美丽的景象。It

came

across

my

mind

that

l

had

met

him

somewhere

before.我突然意识到我曾在什么地方见过他。18、—Have

you

ever

been

to

a

water

park?你曾去过水上公园吗？—No，I

haven’t.

不，没去过。—Me，neither.

我也没去过。【用法】(1)have

been

to表示某人“去过某地，现在已经回来了”，可用于各种人称。I

have

been

to

the

Summer

Palace.

我去过颐和园。Have

you

ever

been

to

Shanghai?

你曾经去过上海吗？I

have

never

been

to

the

city.

我从没去过那座城市。(2)副词ever意为“曾经，以前，无论何时”表示一个不确定的时间。主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句、比较句等。Have

you

ever

been

to

Paris?

你曾去过巴黎吗?We

hardly

ever

go

out

at

night.

我们晚上很少出去。(3)本句中Me，neither.

是口语化的简略回答。一般情况下用Neither

have

I，为“neither

+

系/助/情态动词+主语”结构，neither在此意为“也不……”，表示主语所做的动作与前面提到过的人或事相同，是为了避免语言重复，其中的系/助/情态动词在时态上与前一句保持一致，而在数上要与其后的主语一致。例如：—

I

can’t

swim.

我不会游泳。

—

Neither

can

I.

我也不会。I

don’t

want

to

go,

neither

will

I.

我不想去，也不会去。He

didn’t

go

to

school.

Neither

did

she.

他没去上学，她也没去。(4)若在肯定句中表示“也……”，则要用“so

+系/助/情态动词”。I

am

a

student，so

is

my

sister.

我是学生，我妹妹也是学生。He

can

swim，so

can

I.

他会游泳，我也会。I

feel

happy，so

does

he.

我高兴，他也高兴。19、I

wonder

how

much

more

computer

will

be

able

to

do

in

the

future.不知道将来电脑还能够做些什么事情呢。【用法】wonder

表示“

(对某事)感到疑惑；想要知道；想弄明白；琢磨”，后面常接由what,how,

who

或者if/whether引导的宾语从句。I

wonder

how

they’re

getting

on.

我想知道他们现在过得怎样。

I

just

wonder

if

they’ve

arrived

safely.

我就想知道他们是否安全抵达了。(2)

此句从句部分的原始结构是:

How

much

more

will

computers

be

able

to

do

in

the

future?

是对陈述句Computers

will

be

able

to

do

(much)

more

in

the

future.(电脑将来能够做更多的事情。)的提问。由于充当了宾语从句,

疑问结构改成了陈述结构:how

much

more

computers

will

be

able

to

do

in

the

future,

即:

将助动词还原到陈述句的位置。I

don’t

know

when

he

will

come.我不知道他什么时候来。I

don’t

know

where

he

lives.

我不知道他住在哪里。It

also

encourages

governments

and

social

groups

to

think

about

ways

to…20、I

learned

about

the

inventions

that

led

to

color

movies,

too.

我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。【用法】此处learn是“了解；获知；得知”的意思，由介词about或of引入所获知的具体内容。例如：The

children

were

all

shocked

to

learn

of

the

death

of

their

headmaster.

得知校长去世，孩子们都十分震惊。I

only

learned

about

the

accident

later.

我只是后来才得知了事故的情况。21、现在完成时

（1）构成

现在完成时由have的人称形式加动词的过去分词构成。它的肯定式、否定式及疑问式如下：肯定式

否定式

疑问式

I

(We,

You,

They

)

have

done

it.

He

(She)

has

done

it.

I

(We,

You,

They)

have

not

done

it.

He

(She)

has

not

done

it.

Have

you

(they,

I

,

we)

done

it?

Has

he

(she)

done

it?

（2）用法

a．表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在仍有影响。She

has

been

ill

for

three

days.

He

has

already

left.

b．表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

We've

known

each

other

since

we

were

children.

注意：

在用already,

yet,

just,

ever,

never，so

far,

before

等副词作状语时，或者由for,

since引起的短语作状语或状语从句时，句子的谓语动词常用现在完成时。区别：

①for＋表示一段时间的词语

②since＋表示过去时间点的词语

③since＋表示过去的时间状语从句

④since＋一段时间＋ago.

常见终止性动词和延续性动词的相应转换形式如下:1、borrow

/

lend→keep,

2、buy→have,

3、finish

/

end→be

over,

4、begin

/

start→be

on

5、open→be

open

6、

close→be

closed,

7、die→be

dead8、arrive

/come

/

go

/

move

/

reach

/get

to→be

in

/at

/

be

here

/be

there,9、leave→be

away（from）

10、go

to

school→be

in

school

/

be

a

student,

11、get

up→be

up,

12、fall

asleep→be

asleep

13、fall

ill→be

ill

14、get

to

know→know,

15、lose→be

lost

16、become→be

17、begin

to

study→study,18、return

/

come

back

/

get

back→be

back

19、join→be

in

/

be

a…member,20、join

the

army→be

in

the

army

/be

a

soldier

21、receive

/

get

a

letter→have

a

letter

22、

catch

/

get

a

cold→have

a

cold1）have

(