hypertension高血压 全英语版 -

HYPERTENSION

Hypertension

(HTN)or

highbloodpressure,sometimescalled

arterialhypertension,isa

chronic

medicalcondition

inwhichthe

bloodpressure

inthe

arteries

iselevated.WhatisHypertension?

DiagnosisofHypertensionLeadtoHypertension高血压systolicbloodpressure≥140diastolicbloodpressure≥90EitherofthemDangerZonesystolicbloodpressure≤120diastolicbloodpressure≤80BothofthemNormalbloodpressure正常血压范围AwarningsignIfyourBPare120/80orhigherbutbelow140/90ItiscalledPre-hypertension高血压前期StageofHypertensionClassificationOfHypertensionPrimaryorEssentialHypertension原发性高血压

highbloodpressurewithnoobviousunderlying（潜在的，根本的）medicalcause.

90-95%

BenignHypertension(ChronicHypertension)

良性/缓进性高血压MalignantHypertension(AcceleratedHypertension)

恶性/急进性高血压SecondaryHypertension继发性高血压ClassificationOfHypertensionPrimaryorEssentialHypertension原发性高血压

highbloodpressurewithnoobviousunderlying（潜在的，根本的）medicalcause.

90-95%SecondaryHypertension继发性高血压Highbloodpressurethatiscausedbyanothermedicalcondition(医疗条件)

ormedication(药物).

5-10%SignsAndSymptomsTreatment14253Precaution6ContentsMedicalQigongSignsAndSymptomsComplicationsCausesAndPathogenesisSignsAndSymptomsSignsAndSymptomsPotentialUnnoticedTheSilentkillerHeadacheDizzinessShortnessofbreathBlurredvisionEarnoiseorbuzzingnosebleedFatigueNauseaIrregularheartbeatSignsAndSymptomsSignsAndSymptomsMostofthetime,therearenosymptoms.Aboutoneoutofevery100(1%)peoplewithhypertensionisdiagnosedwithseverehighbloodpressure(acceleratedormalignanthypertension)attheirfirstvisittothedoctor.---HeartfailureTheheartwillgetlargerorweaker,whichmayleadtoheartfailure.Complications---AneurysmsComplications---KidneyfailureBloodvesselsinthekidneywillnarrow.ThismaycausekidneyfailureComplications---BlindnessBloodvesselsintheeyeswillburstorbleed.ThiswillleadtovisionorblindnessComplicationsCauseandPathogenesisCauseandPathogenesis

---InheritedgeneticfactorsAbouthalfofpatientshavefamilyhistoryofhypertension,theywereborntohavehigherrisktosufferhypertension.CauseandPathogenesis---DietaryfactorsCauseandPathogenesisexcessivesodiumintakeSodiumandwaterretentionExtracellularfluidincrease---Sodiumintake

Cardiacoutputincrease

hypertensionCauseandPathogenesisobesityBloodlipidsincreaseNarrowdiameterofbloodvessel---ObesityhypertensionCauseandPathogenesis---Alcoholconsumption

CauseandPathogenesis---OtherfactorsPsychosocialfactorsPhysicalactivityNeuroendocrine

factorsEnvironmentalfactorsCauseandPathogenesisTreatmentDiuretics(利尿药)Beta-blockers(β-阻断剂)

ACEInhibitors(血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂)ARBs(肾上腺素能受体结合剂)CalciumChannelBlockers(钙通道阻滞剂)Treatment----DrugTreatmentDietaryApproaches(饮食疗法)toStopHypertension--involveseatingmorefruits,vegetables,whole-grainfoods(全谷类食物),low-fatdairy(低脂奶),fish,poultry(禽肉),andnuts(坚果).Youshouldeatlessredmeat(红肉),saturatedfats(饱和脂肪),andsweets(甜食).

Treatment----FoodTherapy☻yellowlotustea(黄莲花茶);☻

ChrysanthemumTea(菊花茶)☻

Hawthorntea(山楂茶)Treatment---TeaTherapy☻Engageinregularaerobicphysicalactivity☻Atleast30minutesperday,andBPdrops4-9pointswithincreasedactivity.Treatment---ExerciseYoga（瑜伽）,taichi（太极）,anddeepbreathing（深呼吸）alsohelp.

Treatment---ComplementaryTherapies

HowtoPreventHighBloodPressure

？

口腔五年1001班易芳---Lifestyle

1.Maintainahealthyweight.Precaution2.Eatabalanceddiet.

---Lifestyle

Precaution3.Cutbackonsalt.Sodiumistheelementinsaltthatcanraisebloodpressure.Mostofthesodiumweeatcomesfromprocessedandrestaurantfoods.---Lifestyle

Precaution4.Exerciseregularly.

---Lifestyle

Precaution5.Don'tsmoke---Lifestyle

Precaution6.Limit

alcoholuse.

cirrhosisatherosclerosis---Lifestyle

Precaution7.TearatherthancoffeeCaffeine