2023学年完整版Unit2Water语法

语法知识一.句型Itis+adj.+forsb.(ofsb.)todosth.（对事加以评论/对人加以评论）不定式短语作主语时,常用形式主语it来代替,而真正的主语放在句子的谓语后面。例如：Itisdifficultforyoutoreadthroughthisbookaweekorso.对你来说一星期左右看完这本书有困难。Itisusefulforyoutolearnhowtousethecomputer.学习使用计算机对你有好处。Itwasbraveofyoutogointotheburningbuildingtosavethechild.你冲入火场救那个孩子，真勇敢。It’snecessaryforustolearnEnglishtoday.现在对我们来讲，学英语非常重要。二.（a）few和（a）little的用法1.(a)few用在可数名词n.[C]之前，(a)little用在不可数名词n.[U]之前。例如：Hetookafewbiscuits.(afew=several)他拿了几块饼干。Hetookfewbiscuits.(few=notmany)他拿的饼干不多。Hetookalittlebutter.(alittle=some)他拿了点黄油。Hetooklittlebutter.(little=notmuch)他拿的黄油不多。2.few可由hardlyany或almostno所替代，含否定的意味。例如：Thecompositioniswellwritten;ithasfewmistakes.=Thecompositioniswellwritten;ithashardlyanymistakes.这篇作文很好写，几乎没有多少错误。Fewmencansolveit.=Almostnomencansolveit.几乎没有人能解决它。3.afew相当于some,several,含肯定的意味。例如：Hehasafewfriends.=Hehassomefriends.=Hehasseveralfriends.他有一些朋友。4.alittle和little之间的差别，就和afew和few的差别一样，只是(a)little修饰不可数名词,表量或程度。例如：Hegrowsworse;thereislittlehopeofhisrecovery.他病情恶化了，恢复的希望很小了。Heisnotmuchbetter,butthereisalittlehope.他病情不是那么好，但是有点希望。三.其它的数量形容词1.plentyof,alotof,lotsof都表示许多，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。例如：Theroomcontainedplentyof/alotof/lotsofstudents.这个房间容纳了许多学生。（students是复数名词）Theroomcontainedplentyof/alotof/lotsoffurniture.这个房间容纳了许多家具。(furniture是不可数名词)agreatdealof,agooddealof,alargequantityof,asmallquantityof,alargeamountof,asmallamountof均表量，修饰不可数名词。例如：Theroomcontainedalargequantityoffurniture.(不可数名词)Theroomcontainedalargeamountoffurniture.(不可数名词)Theroomcontainedasmallquantityoffurniture.(不可数名词)Theroomcontainedasmallamountoffurniture.(不可数名词)anumberof“许多；一些”；agreatnumberof,alargenumberof,agoodnumberof“许多”，修饰复数可数名词，并且要与复数动词连用。例如：Anumberofbooksaremissingfromthelibrary.图书馆的许多书丢失了。Thenumberofbooksfromthelibraryislarge.图书馆的图书数量很大。[thenumberof+复数名词+单数(be)动词]Theroomcontainedagreat/large/good/numberofstudents.（复数可数名词）这个房间容纳了许多学生。相关练习题1.—Ifthereare________peopledriving,therewillbe________airpollution.—Yes,theairwillbefresher.A.less;lessB.less;fewerC.fewer;fewerD.fewer;less2.—Shallweleavenow?—Don’thurry.Westillhave________timeleft.A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew3.—Wouldyoulikesomemilkinyourtea?—Yes,please.Butjust________.A.littleB.alittleC.afewD.few4.There’s________milkathome.Wehavetobuysomethisafternoon.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few5.—Oh,dear.Wehave________foodleft.Whatshouldwedo?—Don’tworry.I’llgoandbuysome.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little自学练习题I.根据汉语提示写单词1.Youshoulddressneatlyand_________.（整洁地）2.Wewill_______（举行）asportsmeetingnextMonday.3.They_________（选举）metobethepresidentofthestudents’Unionyesterday.4.Newspaperremain___________(受欢迎的)becausetheygivethenewsinmoredetailsthaneitherradiosorTVs.5.Whowonthe_________（竞赛）,doyouknow?

II.句型转换1.Theyworkhardtogetmoremoney._______________________theyworkhard?(就画线部分提问)2.MymotherwillvisitEnglandnextweek.____________________yourmothervisitnextweek?(就画线部分提问)3.Yououghttobemorecareful.You________________tobemorecareful.shouldfinishtheirhomeworkfirst.________________finishtheirhomeworkfirst.(改为一般疑问句)ThematchbetweenChinaandKoreacouldn’tgoonbecauseitwasrainingheavily.ThematchbetweenChinaandKoreacouldn’tgoon_____________theheavyrain.(改为同义句)

III.选择填空1.Theyallhave_______.A.thedifferentideas

B.differentideasC.thedifferentidea

D.differentidea2.Thevisitors_____ourschoolintwodays.A.cameto

B.willcometo

C.cometo

D.hascometo3.---____doyouseeafilm?

---Onceaweek.

A.Howfar

B.Howlong

C.Howsoon

D.HowoftenWecanfind_____studentsintheclassroomnow.Theyareplayingontheplayground.

A.much

B.few

C.alittle

D.little5.Theywanthim_______thechiefspeaker.

A.tobe

B.be

C.being

D.is6.Youmust_______forthelostbooks.

A.pay

B.cost

C.spend

D.take7.---Whathappened_______you?Youdon’tlookfine.

---Ihaveacold.

A.in

B.on

C.from

D.to8.Youmaygotothepoliceand_______help.

A.ask

B.askf