初中英语中考复习 考点37 词汇运用-备战2021年中考英语考点一遍过 （原卷版）

考点37词汇运用命题预测词汇是学习英语的基础，也是中考的高频考点之一。近几年来，许多省市的中考英语都非常重视考查考生在具体语境中运用词汇的能力。1.命题特点：主要考查一些高频词汇（如名词、动词、形容词等）；考查各类词形变化；考查六种时态的正确运用。2.考查题型：（1）根据汉语提示完成句子；（2）用所给词的适当形式填空；（3）根据首字母提示完成句子；（4）选词填空。3.题型分析：词语运用题主要考查学生对于不同语境下英语词形的掌握情况，如对于名词要考虑单数、复数、所有格等形式；对于动词要考查人称、时态、单复数、语态以及非谓语动词等形式；对于代词，要考查代词的各种形式；对于形容词或副词，应注意比较等级的变化；对于修饰语，要注意用形容词修饰名词或代词，用副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；这一题型还常考查近义词的辨析。4.考点预测：我们要认识到题型是在变化的，我们的答题策略也应随之调整，但主要的考查内容是万变不离其宗，就是对英语基础知识和词语运用能力的考查。预计2019年中考将会加大对各类词汇的灵活运用及单词拼写能力的考查。解题策略：词语运用之解题策咯要做好词语运用题要求我们除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需要掌握一定的解题技巧。1.在拿到题目后，不要急于做试题，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，同时对词义做初步的理解。2.通读句子，语意完整、实用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过理解句子语境，注意发现固定搭配关系，积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要填出相应单词或短语的正确形式。3.在填词过程中，需要深思熟虑，既要符合句子的含义，又要保证句式、结构的正确。例如，当选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或所有格形式。在遇到动词时，要有意识的去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化等等。为了便于记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，＂名词＂单复数要牢记，还有’s不能弃，＂动词＂注意要变形，＂形副＂注意变三级，要填＂数词＂请留意，空前空后要注意，＂名词＂单复数要牢记，还有’s不能弃，＂动词＂注意要变形，＂形副＂注意变三级，要填＂数词＂请留意，千万别忘＂基＂和＂序＂，填入＂代词＂需慎重，五格变化要谨记。词语运用是对学生的书面语言的基本功的考查，它不仅考查学生对单词的记忆能力，而且也考查学生对句子和特定语境中单词的正确形式的掌握。分析近几年的中考题型可以看出考查形式主要有单词拼写、词形转换、词语理解等。这一题型一般在中考中占5%～10%的分值。词语运用之解题注意事项下面就中考常见的四种题型分布详细阐述一下各个题型的做题策略和需要注意的地方。一、根据汉语提示完成句子。1.首先要正确写出句子中所给汉语所对应的英语单词。2.若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思，则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。3.然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词，就要注意用名词的单数还是复数；若填写的是形容词、副词，就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式；如果是动词，就要注意它们的时态、语态等。二、用所给词的适当形式填空。该题型旨在考查考生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力，通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词的词性→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的词性→正确写出所填的词。具体操作方法如下：首先，要认真阅读句子，正确理解句意。其次，要分析应填词在句中充当的句子成分，正确判断应填词的词性。再次，要判断所填词应采用的正确词性。若为名词，应注意其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式；若为动词，应注意其人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式；若为修饰语，应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词，而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词；若为代词，注意代词的各种形式；若为形容词、副词，应注意等级变化；若为数词，要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。三、按照首字母提示完成句子。1.读懂句意，确定单词。所缺的单词一定是句中的关键词，一般多为名词或动词等实词。2.瞻前顾后，确定形式。3.检查所填单词的形式以及语法结构是否正确。四、根据语境或句意，从方框中选词或短语填空。该题型通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词组或短语的含义→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的单词或短语的意思→正确选出所填的词或短语。11.首先要正确写出句子中所给的汉语所对应的英语单词。2.若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思，则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。3.然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词，就要注意用名词的单数还是复数；若填写的是形容词、副词，就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式；如果是动词，就要注意它们的时态、语态等。（一）66.大家都需要帮助动物，使它们在宁静中生存。Weallneedtohelpanimalslive__________.67.MsLi总是对她的学生很有耐心。MsLi_____always__________herstudents.68.截止四月底，全球已有二十多万人因新冠肺炎去世。Over200thousandpeople________________theCovid-19aroundtheworldbytheendofApril.69.2020东京奥运会将推迟到明年举行。2020TokyoOlympicGames____________________to2021.70.你能告诉我你是否和班主任提过这件事？Couldyoutellme______________________thistotheheadteacher?（二）73.Thepoormanwonderswhathappenedtohiswife,buthehasn'tgotanyi________yet.74.U________teenagerstalktosomeoneabouttheirtrouble,theywillcertainlyfeelworse.75.Thepatientsalwaysconsiderr________inhospitaltobecured(治疗)foratleast10days.76.It’sexcitingforustoenjoythen________beautyofthespringinthecountrysidewithourfamily.77.T________,peopleinChinaalwaysadmirethemoonwiththeirfamilymemebersonMid-AutumnDay.Itisacustomformedlongtimeago.（三）46.Thedevelopmentofhigh﹣techwillbeofmuchmore________(重要)toChinesecompanies.47.Hisparentsexpectthathewillbeabletoplaythepianoas________(好)asLangLang.48.FinallyI________(更改)mydesignbecauseIrealizeditwasn'tsoperfectasexpected.49.Parentscanlearnwhattheirchildrenreallywantby________(交流)withthempatiently.50.Thediscoveryofthenewmedicinehas________(挽救)millionsoflivesacrosstheworld.51.ABiteofChinaisaninterestingdocumentarythatI'vewatchedseveral________(回).52.Inourcountryit's________(违反)thelawtodriveaftermuchdrinking.53.IfeelI'mabit________(落后)withmyworksoIwanttomakeitupagain.54.Mygrandpahadpoormemoryinhis90sandoften________(弄错)meformybrother.55.Imaygohikingwithmyfriendsthisweekendifthere's________(充足的)time.（四）46.Eatingplentyoff________fruitandvegetablesisgoodforourhealth.47.Shespendsherfreetimesingingandpanning.Hermaini________aremusicandart.48.Whenhundredsofcolorfulballoonsflewuph________,theskybecameamovingcartoon.49.Wealltakep________inthegreatachievementsofourcountry.50.Heishonest.Hehasnevertriedtoh________thetruthabouthispast.51.ThoughIhaveneverm________yoursisterbefore,I'msuresheisalsoaveryniceperson.52.Lucymadeawish,andthensheb________outthecandles.53.Therewasnothingmorev________thanbeingwithmyparents.54.Nowadays,peopleusuallytakeavacationinthecountrysidetosensei________beauty.55.Heisthetallesta________allstudents.（五）56.Teenagersneedtosleepatleasteighthoursanight．（对划线部分提问）____________________doteenagersneedtosleepanight？57.Keepworkinghard,andyouwillachievesuccess.（保持句意不变）____________________keepworkinghard,youwillachievesuccess.58.人工智能机器人将来能像人类一样思考吗？CanAIrobotsthink_____humansinthe_____？59.这本书和那本一样有趣，且更便宜．（根据汉语意思和英文提示，完成句子）Thisbookis_____interestingasthatoneand_____expensive．60.如果你在考试中保持冷静，就会考出好成绩。（根据汉语意思和英文提示，完成句子）Ifyoukeep_____intheexam,youwill_____goodgrades.（六）46.Themaninablackcoat_________hassomethingtodowiththemurdercase.(必定地)47.Afterawhileofdiscussion,theyfinallyreachedan_________.(一致，同意)48.Thisspecialshipisoneofthe_________inthisvillageandithaswonthefirstprizeintheBestShipCompetition.(渔民)49.Theoldladywasseenrunning_________theforestanddisappeardinthedark.(朝，向)50.Althoughhewent_________atayoungage,hewouldliketoreturntohiscountry.(去国外）51.Readingisveryimportant,foritcanopenupa(an)_________worldtous.(know)52.—Putonyourjacket.Thereportsaysitismuch_________today.(wind)—Ok,mum.53.Thegirl_________leavingheryoungerbrotherathomealoneandcriedsadly.(regret)54.Everyonemakesagreatdifferenceto_________ourselvesfromtheCOVID-19.(protect)55.Five_________ofthepopulationinthiscollegearefromforeigncountries.(twelve)（七）81.Ilikelotsofvegetables,suchascabbages,carrotsand__________(西红柿).82.Wenever________(抄袭)others’homework.83.Wehopeyoucan______(提供)uswithsomeinformationaboutshoppingonline.84.He______(花费)fivehoursinfinishingdrawingthepictureyesterday.85.This________(戒指)looksmuchmorebeautifulthantheothershere.86.Myfavoritesubjectisa________becauseIlikedrawingverymuch.87.MylittlebrotherTommyisa(n)h________boy.Heneverlies.88.Youneedtotakeyourumbrellaonr________days,oryou’llgetwet.89.Shelikesmusicverymuch,butshehasn________beentoaconcert.90.ThelettersPRCs________forthePeople’sRepublicofChina.（一）【2020•广西北部湾经济区】根据括号内所给的中文提示,正确拼写单词,并将答案填写在答题卡对应的横线上。46.Thereisan__________(蛋)leftontheplate.47.Ihaven'tseenmygrandpaforalongtime.I__________(想念)himsomuch.48.Asthesayinggoes,"The__________(早的)birdcatchestheworm."49.Let'smeet__________(在…外面)theschoolgateat8tomorrowmorning.50.Tony__________(几乎不)hasanysparetimeforhishobbies.（二）【2020•甘肃武威市】66.中国是世界上河流最多的国家之一。Chinais__________________thecountrieswhichhavethelargestnumberofrivers.67.由于新冠疫情，东京奥运会将被推迟举办。TokyoOlympicsisgoingtobe__________________becauseoftheCOVID-19.Reading__________________isthesecrettolanguagelearning.69.人们广泛认为亚历山大•格拉汉姆•贝尔发明了电话。It'swidely_________thattelephonewasinvented_________AlexanderGrahamBell.70.公共场所禁止吸烟。__________________inpublicareas.（三）【2020•南通市】A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。46.Huaweiwasthe_______(获胜者)intheworldwidesmartphonemarketinApril,2020.47.ManyvisitorscometoBeijingandhopetowatchtheraisingofthenational______(旗帜).48.Togoforaparty,Sallyischoosingsuitableshoesto______(gowellwith)hernewsilkdressintheshoppingmall.49.BothLiBaiandDuFuare______(well-known)forwritingsomanygreatpoems.50.Wecan’tthrowusedbatteriesaway._______theyshouldbecollectedforspecialtreatment.（四）【2020•无锡市】（B）根据句意，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。42.Theideaofwearingamaskinpublicisnow,__________(wide)accepted.43.Peoplestartedtoget__________(patient)afterwaitingatthegatefortwohours.44.Wearewhowearetodaybecauseofthe__________(choose)wemadeyesterday.45.AnneFrankwentinto__________(hide)withherfamilyandwrotethefamousdiary.五、动词填空用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。46.Don’tworry.HoboisasmartdogandI’msurehe__________(come)backsoon.47.Schoolsarestillclosedinsomecountries__________(stop)thespreadofthevirus.48.Millionsofyoungpeople__________(fight)inWorldWarⅡsowecouldliveinpeace.49.—Haveyoufoundanyusefulclues,sir?—We__________(work)onit.There’snothingmuchIcansayatthemoment.50.“Whenthebook__________(publish)inNovember,I’mgoingtodonateallthemoneytohelpthosepeopleinneed,”saidJ.K.Rowling.51.Hesentmeafewmessages,butI__________(notreply)yetasIdon’tknowwhattosay.（五）【2020•山东日照】根据首字母或汉语提示，在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。46.Theshopisopeneverydaye________Sundays.47.Ifyoucan'tattendthemeeting,I'llgoi________.48.Withtheteachers'help,hehasmadegreatp________inhisstudies.49.Weareallp________oftheachievementswe'vemadeinthepast70years.50.Thestudentsstudyingabroadhadtomakeac________whethertoreturnortostay.（七）【2020•威海市】根据句意和音标提示以适当形式填写单词。请将答案填写在答题卡指定位置。26.Pleasetellmeyour_____________/ə`dres/.Iwillgotoseeyoutomorrow.27.Iknowthecitywell.Letmebeyour_____________/gaɪd/.28.Mymotherisgettingold.Ihavetobemore_____________/peɪʃnt/withher.29.Youshouldn’treadothers’_____________/`parɪvət/letterswithoutpermission.30.Seeingtheirparents,thechildren_____________/flu:/tomeetthem.31.WearegoingtoHainanonvacationin__________/`februəri/.32.He__________/rɪ`gretrd/havingmissedthatgoodchance.33.Takethismedicineaccordingtothe__________/in`strʌkʃnz/.34.He_________/`mænɪdʒɪz/thebusinessforhisfather.35.Ipaid£3,000forthehouse,butIthinkitis___________/wɔ:θ/more.（八）【2020•黔南州】根据句意，在方框中选用合适的词或短语，用其适当形式完成下列句子。每个选项只能选用一次，注意其中有两项为多余选项。duringunlessskytimearriveproperputup56.Hurryup,Harry.Ourfriends________inhalfanhour.57.Iusuallysleepwiththewindowopen________it’sreallycold.58.Therewe________tentsandmadeafiretokeepuswarm.59.Thestudentswhoaregoodatwritingcanalwaysusewords________.60.Becauseofthegoodenvironment,itiseasyforustoseetheblue________now.（九）【2020•湖北省恩施州】Neitheracrosscommunicatingwithconfidentasymbolofcomfortable46．Thebrightsunshineis____________anotherfineday.47．Wecan_____________gettogetheroftennorgotothecrowdedplacesduringthespecialperiod.48．Weshouldbealways_____________aboutourmotherland.49．Ihavetowalk_____________ariverwhenIgotoschool.50．Insomeway,smartphonespreventusfrom_____________ourfamilies.（十）【2020•吉林】21.Caroloftengoestoschool_________bike.Ifsgoodforherhealth.22.Julyistheseventh_________oftheyear.23.Climbersisanexcitingmovie.I’mgoingto_________it.24.Mylittlebrotherlikestojumpupand_________likeamonkey.25.Look!MissWangiscarryingaheavybox.Let’sgotohelp_________.（一）（2020•吉林省长春市宽城区中考一模）在下列各句的空白处填入一个适当的词，使句子意思完整、语法正确。1.Thealarmclockdidn’tgo________,soIwaslateforworkthismorning.2.IwassosleepythatIcouldhardlykeepmyeyes________.3.Shewassocarelessthatshehurt________whilegoingdownstairs.4.It’sreportedFlight471haveto________atthenearestairportbecauseofthebadweather.5.Thoseyoungclerkslikeplayingjokes________eachotherintheoffice.Theyhavegoodrelationships.（二）（2020•吉林省长春市宽城区中考一模）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6.Asweknow,Changjiangisthe________(three)longestriverintheworld.7.UncleSamisanoldmanwithlotsof________(hobby),likeplayingbasketballandpainting.8.Tokeephealthy,weshouldeat________(little)meatandmorefruitandvegetables.9.Heneedsmoneytobuyahousesohewantstosellhiscar________(cheap).10.Ididn’tfinish________(write)mytestbecauseIranoutoftime.（三）（2020•天津市东丽区2018届九年级中考第二次模拟）根据所给中文意思完成句子。（每空限填一词）66.政府正在建造自然公园，也在制定其他计划.Thegovernmentissettingup____________________________anddevelopingotherplans.67.在我下面，地面突然向下倾斜，并且延伸到河流。Farbelowme,theground____________________________anddowntoariver.68.抱歉，但那是我的最终决定。I'msorry,butthat'smy____________________________.69.在她下落的时候，她在想她的猫，Dinah。Whileshewasfalling,shewas____________________________hercat,Dinah.70.他们把大明扶起来,让他坐在了椅子上。They___________him___________andsathimonachair.（五）（2020•山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模）31.Ifyougetlostinacity,youcanaskthep_____________forhelp.32.Themanwhoismakingaspeechinthehallisau___________teacherfromBeijing.

33.HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgewasc_____________inFebruary,2018.34.Moreandmore_____________(私人的)hospitalshavejoinedthefightinWuhan.35.DoctorsandnursesinWuhanrelieve(减缓)their___________(压力)bytalkingtotheirfamilyinthevideocalls.（六）（2020•安徽省合肥市中考二模）76.Doctorsdecidedtod________(奉献)themselvestofindinganewcureforthedisease.77.Heshouldalwayst________(相信)inhisownmusicalability.78.Maryhaso________(提出)someusefuladviceforthisproject.79.Shefeltalittlet________(疲劳)afterhardwork.80.Readingthesefamousn_________(小说)canhelpuslearnabouttraditionalChinesesocietyandhistory.（七）