2023学年完整版Unit1Encyclopaedias设计

Unit1Encyclopaedias教学设计老师姓名学生姓名教材版本深圳牛津版学科名称英语年级八年级上课时间课题名称Unit1Encyclopaedias教学重难点重点单词以及短语的用法经典句型的运用重点语法之复合不定代词教学过程Step1Mainwords1.inventorTheyounginventorkeptworkingonimprovements.这位年轻的发明家不停地完善他的发明。总结:inventor作词，表示“”，是可数名词，复数形式“inventors”；拓展：inventv.发明Heinventedthefirstelectricclock.他发明了第一个电动机械钟。invention发明物复数形式“inventions”Theirinventionconqueredtheworld.他们的这项发明征服了全世界。连接词：动词+or变名词引导conduct—conductor列车长编辑edit—editor编者跟踪tail—tailor裁缝参观visit—visitor访问者发觉detect—detector探测器传染infect—infector传染者驾驶sail—sailor水手演act—actor演员运用：第二个重要的发明发生在美国。我们拥有所有的思想并发明创造每种东西。谁发明了电灯？2.musicianHewasabrilliantmusician.他是一位才华横溢的音乐家。总结:musician用作名词时，意思是“”连接词汇：以ian结尾的名词library（图书馆）—librarian（图书管理员）history（历史）—historian（历史学家）Arab（阿拉伯）—Arabian（阿拉伯人）Christ（基督）—Christian（基督徒）运用：我长大后想成为一名音乐家。3.scientistEveryscientisthasachildhooddream.每位科学家都有一个童年的梦想。总结：scientist用作名词时，意思是“”science用作名词，意思是“科学”连接词汇：以ist结尾的名词ideal（理想）—idealist（理想主义者）art（艺术）—artist（艺术家）violin（小提琴）—violinist（小提琴家）piano（钢琴）—pianist（钢琴家）运用：.你想成为一名科学家吗？4.bornSomepeoplearebornbrainy.有些人天生聪明。Jackwasabornteacher.杰克天生是个当老师的料。总结：dream用作动诃时，意为“出生”；用作形容词时，意为“天生的”常用短语：sb.beborn运用：他出生在美国。她天生就是个钢琴家。5.intelligenceShe'sawomanofexceptionalintelligence.她是个有着非凡智慧的女子。总结：intelligence用作名词时，意思是“”拓展：intelligent聪明的beof（much）intelligence=be（very）intelligent运用：她是个美丽又聪明的女人。6.abilityIthinkshehastheabilitytosolvetheproblem.我相信她有这个能力解决这个难题。总结：ability作名词，意思为“________”。拓展：able作形容词，意为“有能力的，能够的”固定短语：beabletodosth.=havetheabilitytodosth.运用：他有能力当一个好班长（monitor）。7.perhapsPerhapslovecanchangeeverything.或许爱能改变一切。总结：perhaps作副词，意思为“________”。辨析：probably,perhaps,maybe,possibly的区别probably“很有可能；十之八九”，其语义较强，可能性较大It

will

probably

be

fine

tomorrow.明天大概会是晴天。

erhaps“或许”，含有“可能这样，也可能不这样”Perhaps

we

will

be

late

for

work.或许我们上班会迟到。maybe“或许”、“大概”多用于美国英语,主要用于非正式场合，口语中常用Maybehewillsucceed.他也许会成功。possibly“或许；也许”，所指的可能性较小，为加强语气，可与can、could或may连用It

may

possibly

be

true.也许是真的。8.includeAgoodBritishbreakfastalwaysincludessausages.一顿丰盛的英式早餐总会包括香肠。总结：include作动词，意思为“________”。拓展：including和included用法区别including被用作介词，后接名词构成介词短语Thereare40studentsintheclassroom,includingme.included也有介词用法，且：including+宾语=宾语+included.Thereare40studentsintheclassroom,meincluded.运用：所有的学生包括老师在内都要参加这次会议。这家旅店的房价包括早餐。howeverHowever,somedinosaurslikedtoeatmeat.然而，有些恐龙喜欢吃肉。总结：however作副词，意思为“”。可位于句前，句中和句后。Sheisill,however,shegoestowork.Hethinkit’sright.Heiswrong,however.辨析：however和buthowever“然而”，转折的意味较弱可位于句前，句中和句后后面常用逗号隔开Helikesmusic.However,hiswifedoesn’t.but“但是”转折的意味很强烈位于分句句首后面不使用逗号Helikesmusic,buthiswifedoean’t.10.winWecanwinthechampionship.我们有能力赢得冠军。总结：win作动词，意思为“”。辨析：defeat、beat和

win

的区别defeat和beat属一组同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体如a

team,

a

class,

a

school,

an

army。defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利，它常跟的宾语有game,

war,

prize,

fame,

battle等。运用：他们取得了这次战斗（battle）的胜利。一班打败了二班，获得了第一名。Step2Mainphrasesbeborn出生2.inthecountryside在农村3.forexample例如4.morethan超过5.humanbeing人类6.dieout灭绝7.comeoutof从......出来8.attheendof在......末尾9.justlike正如10.befamousfor以......闻名11.goforawalk去散步12.findout了解，弄清13.nextto紧挨着14.looklike看起来像同步练习：根据句意从左面选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空，补全句子。1.Ifwedon’tprotecttheenvironment,alltheanimalswill______________.2.Mygrandparentslive.3.WhenMum_________________thehouse,shesawabigdoginfrontofthedoor.4.Sheisveryintelligent,_________________shecanspeakfourlanguages.5.Hangzhouthesilk.6._________________theterm,Jimdidwellinthefinalexam.7.Let’s_________________afterdinner.8.Thereare_________________50studentsinourclass.9.Thepolicethetruthofthemurder(谋杀).10.I’minterestedinpeople.11.--Whereyou？--InEngland.12.--Whatyourfriend?--Tallandthin.13.Everyonelikesacleanclassroom,home.14.Thereisastoreourschool.Step3Mainsentences1.Lookitup!查阅一下！解析：lookup意为“查阅，查询”强调在词典、参考书里查询Wecanlookupnewwordsinthedictionary.我们可以在词典里查新单词。拓展：lookup仰视，向上看HelookedupfromhisbookwhenIcameintotheroom.我进入房间时，他从书本上抬起头来看了看。相关短语：lookaround向周围看lookout小心looklike看起来像lookthesame看起来相同lookforwardto盼望运用：1.ThismorningIsomenewrestaurantontheInternetforIwantedtotakeMiatoanicerestaurantforherbirthday.A.pickedupB.lookedupC.cleanedupD.gaveup2.过马路时要小心！3.我盼望去美国旅游。2.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschickens.有些恐龙和鸡一样小。解析：as.....as....和.....一样......中间接形容词或副词的原级否定：notas/so......as............不如......Thistreeisastallasthatone.这棵树和那棵树一样高。Thistreeisnotso/astallasthatone.这棵树不如那棵树高。运用：--Englishisn’tasasChinese.--Maybe,perhapsit’sjustbecauseChineseisyournativelanguage.A.easyB.easilyC.easierD.easiest3.Comesoutofhis/hermother’sbody从他/她妈妈的身体里出来解析：outof从.....出来，在.....外Thestudentscomeoutoftheclassroom.学生从教室里传来。拓展：常见的outof相关短语rushoutof从...冲出来jumpoutof从...跳出来lookoutof从...向外看takeoutof从...取出来运用：那只可爱的小猫从箱子里跳了出来。Ann生气地从房间里冲了出来。同学们，请把书从书包里拿出来。4.Theyhelpedmethinkanddream.它们帮助我思考和梦想。解析：helpsb.(to)dosth.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人某事HeoftenhelpsmetostudyEnglish.=HeoftenhelpsmewithEnglish.拓展：1）helponeselfto随便吃Helpyourselvestosomefish,children.孩子们，随便吃点鱼吧。2）can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事Shecan’thelplaughing.她禁不住笑了。运用：你会帮妈妈做家务吗？太累了，禁不住睡着了。Step4Grammar复合不定代词

1.复合不定代词的构成复合不定代词由some,any,no,every加上-body,-thing,-one构成。somebody某人 anybody任何人 nobody没人 everybody每人someone某人 anyone任何人 noone没人 everyone每人something某物 anything任何事物 nothing没东西 everything每件事2.复合不定代词的用法这些复合不定代词只具有名词性质，用作单数，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。带some的一般用于肯定句，而带any的一般用于否定句和疑问句；它们的用法同some,any的用法类似。带body与带one的复合代词，其词义相同，只是带body的较口语化。Everythingbeginstogrowinspring.春天万物开始生长了。Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.我的手表坏了。Ican’tseeanything.我什么也没看见。3.复合不定代词的特殊用法（1）用在表示“请求”、“建议”或希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中。Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想喝点什么吗？（2）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，定语必须放在它的后面。Thereissomethingwrongwiththeradio.收音机出了毛病。4.复合不定代词的属格

（1）含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有’s属格形式。

Everybody’s

business

is

nobody’s

business.大家的事情没人管。

Is

this

anybody’s

seat?

这儿有人坐吗？

（2）含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时，’s属格应加在else之后。Can

you

remember

someone

else’s

name?

你还记得其他人的姓名吗？

（3）含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有’s属格形式。5.复合不定代词的否定

（1）“not

every-”表示的是部分否定，意为“并非都，不都”。

Not

everything

will

go

well.

并非一切都会那么顺利。

The

teacher

didn’t

call

everyone‟s

name.

老师并没有点所有人的名。

（2）“not

any-”和no-均表示全否定。He

listened,

but

heard

nothing.他听了听，但什么也没听到。

=

He

listened,

but

didn‟t

hear

anything.

You

haven‟t

called

anyone/anybody

up,

have

you?

你没给谁打过电话，是吗？

=

You

have

called

no

one/nobody

up,

have

you?

6.合与分的区别问题

（1）someone，anyone，everyone都只能指人，且不和介词of连用；some

one，any

one，every

one则既可指人又可指物，可与介词of连用。

Anyone

should

be

polite

to

every

one

of

them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。

---Which

toy

would

you

like?

---Any

one

is

OK.

---你要那个玩具？---随便。

（2）no

one（=nobody）“没有人”，只用来指人，通常不和介词of连用；none“没有一个”，既可以用来指人也可用来指物。例如：

No

one

can

do

it

better.

没有人能做得更好。

None

of

these

questions

is

easy,

and

none

of

us

can

even

answer

any

one

of

them.这些问题没有一个是容易的，我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题。

回答who引导的特殊疑问句时用no

one；回答how

many引导的特殊疑问句时用none。---Who

was

late

?

---No

one.

---谁迟到了？---谁也没有迟到。

---How

many

pigs

do

you

keep?

---None.

---你养几头猪？---一头也没养。同步练习：(

)

1.

I’m

hungry.

I

want

______

to

eat.

A.

anything

B.

something

C.

everything

D.

nothing

(

)

2.

—Do

you

have

______

to

say

for

yourself?

—No,

I

have

______

to

say.

A.

something;

everything

B.

nothing;

something

C.

everything;

anything

D.

anything;

nothing

(

)

3.

Why

not

ask

______

to

help

you?

A.

everyone

B.

someone

C.

anyone

D.

none

(

)

4.

Everything

______

ready.

We

can

start

now.

A.

are

B.

is

C.

be

D.

were

(

)

5.

There’s

______

with

his

eyes.

He’s

OK.

A.anything

wrong

B.

wrong

something

C.

nothing

wrong

D.

wrong

nothing

(

)

6.

—The

story

is

so

amazing!

It’s

the

most

interesting

story

I’ve

ever

read.

—But

I’m

afraid

it

won’t

be

liked

by

______.

A.

everybody

B.

somebody

C.

anybody

D.

nobody

(

)

7.

She

listened

carefully,

but

heard

______.

A.

anyone

B.

someone

C.

everyone

D.

nothing

(

)

8.

I

agree

with

most

of

what

you

said,

but

I

don’t

agree

with

______.

A.

everything

B.

anything

C.

something

D.

nothing

(

)

9.

—Everyone

is

here

today,

______?

—No,

Han

Mei

isn’t

here.

She’s

ill.

A.

isn’t

it

B.

isn’t

he

C.

are

they

D.

isn’t

everyone

(

)

10.

Everything

goes

well,

______?

A.

is

it

B.

isn’t

it

C.

do

they

D.

doesn’t

it

Step5能力提升I单项选择1.Listeningisjustasasspeakinginlanguagelearning.A.importantB.moreimportantC.mostimportantD.themostimportant2.Doyouhavetosayforourtravel?A.elseanythingB.anythingelseC.elsesomethingD.somethingelse3.Birdsdiedbecauseofpollution.A.TwomillionsB.MillionsofC.MillionofD.Twomillionsof4.Therestillsomemilkinthefridge.Youdon’tneedtogotothestoretoday.A.amB.isC.areD.be5.Whatafineday!Let’sgoawalk..A.forC.outD.in6.Thepooroldmanaweekago.A.deadB.deathC.diesD.died7.Don’tlookthewindowsinclass,wemustlistentotheteachercarefully.A.outofB.outC.intoD.up8.ThePLAman(解放军)savedthreelivesintheaccident.A.children’sB.childrenC.childD.childs’9.--Doyouhavepencils?--No,Ihavepens.A.some;anyB.any;someC.some;someD.any;any10.NobodymeEnglish.Ihavetolearnitbymyself.A.teachB.teachesC.teachingD.toteachII.用所给词的适当形式填空。It’suseful（learn）aforeignlanguage.Canyouhelpme（carry）thebox,Lily?Remember（write）tomewhenyougettoBeijing.Ineedsome(potato).Doyouneedsome?Abouttwo（million）peoplelistenedtotheprogram.III.完形填空Charles

Dickens,

one

of

the

greatest

English

writers

1

born

in

1812,

in

one

of

the

small