初二英语第三单元

UNIT3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?1、单元要点2、短语归纳3、句型集萃4、语法专项单元要点1.afew意为几个，少数Heaskedusafewquestions.辨析：afew,few,alittle,littleafew修饰可数名词复数，表肯定Helefthishomehouseafewminutesago.Few意为几乎没有，很少的，修饰可数名词复数，表否定Therearefewpeopleintheroom.Alittle一点，少许，修饰不可数名词，表肯定Couldyougivemealittlemilk?Little几乎没有，很少的，修饰不名词，表否定；Therewaslittlerainallwinter.2、atleast意为至少，其反义词为atmost，意为至多Hewillstaythereforatleastthreeweeks.Iamatleasttallerthanhim.3/mess常作可数名词单数，意为杂乱，不整洁

Theroomwasinaterriblemess.Thechildrenmadeamessinthelivingroom.4/solve作及物动词，意为解答，解决Fblem作可数名词讲时，意为问题，难题Youmaytellmewhattheproblemwas.辨析：problem与questionProblem指客观存在的待解决的“问题”，重在困难 Thestudentsareworkingonamathproblem.question:指对某事怀疑因提出等待回答的“问题”，重在疑惑和不能断定Thestudentsareaskingtheteachersomequestions.5/as…as…意为与….一样….用于同级比较。第一个as为副词，后接形容词或副词原级，第二个as为连词，引导比较状语从句。本句型的否定形式为notas/so…as…意为不…Mysonisastallashisfather.Lesson2isnotasdifficultaslesson1.6/neithe+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，表示…也不，neither此处为副词，意为也不Hedoesn’tlikeswimmingandneitherdoI.Neither作代词，意为两者都不Neitherofmyparentsisathome.neither…nor…意为既不…也不…Theroomisneitherbignorbright.NeitheryounorIamright. 7/finally作副词，意为最后，终于，无比较级和最高级。Finally,hewonthesecondprize.finally的形容词形式为final,意为最后的，最终的He’sworriedaboutthefinalexam.final作可数名词讲意为决赛I’mgoingtowatchtheWorldCupFinalthisweekend. 8/insurprise为固定短语，意为惊讶地，惊奇地Helookedatherinsurprise.surprise作不可数名词，意为惊讶，惊奇；作可数名词意为为惊喜。Ihaveasurpriseforyou.surprise也可做及物动词，意为使惊讶，使惊奇Thenewswillsurpriseher. 9/comeover为固定短语，意为过来，来访WhendoyoufirstcomeovertoChina?assoonas意为一…就…引导时间状语从句Heleftassoonasheheardthenews.IwillwritetoyouassoonasIgetthere.辨析：infrontof与inthefrontofinfrontof意为在…的前面，是指一定范围外Mhefrontof意为在…的前部，指在一定范围内 Cathyisinthefrontofthecar.10/something为复合不定代词，意为某事物，某东西，通常用于肯定句，在疑问句和否定句中用anything,但在表示请求或建议的问句中要用something,而不用anything.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Isthereanythingimportantintoday’snewspaper?Thereisn’tanythinginthebox.复合不定代词作主语，一律看成第三人称单数 Somethingiswrongwithyoureyes.Nothingisimpossible.常见的复合不定代词：something,anything,nothing,everythingsomebody,anybody,nobody,everybodysomeone,anyone,noone,everyone11/pass作及物动词，意为传递，passsbsth=passsthtosb意为递给某人某物，把某物递给某人Hepassedthenewstohiswife. 12/borrow及动词，意为借，借用，常用短语：borrowsbsth或borrowsthfromsb意为向某人借某物Samborrowedacarfromhisfriend.13/lend(lent,lent)及物动词，意为借给，借出，常见短语：lendsbsth或lendsthtosblend的反义词为borrowIlentmybiketoFrankyesterday.辨析:borrow,lend,keep lend:借给，借出，强调主语把自己的东西借出去；IlentmybooktoMarylastweek.borrow:借进，借入，强调以主语为中心，主语从别人那里把东西借来供自己使用；MaryborrowedthebookfromJohnlastweek.keep:意为保持，保存，延续性动词Marymaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.14/invite为及物动词，意为邀请，约请invitesbtodosth意为邀请某人做某事；Theyinvitemetoplaythegame.invite的名词形式invitation意为邀请，请帖Thankyouforyouinvitation.15/thesedays意为如今，现在，目前，相当于nowadays;It’snoteasytofindajobthesedays.Igetonwellwithmyclassmatesthesedays.16/waste作名词时意为浪费，用于固定结构awasteof…意为浪费…awasteoftime,awasteoflife,awasteofmoneyPlayingcomputergamesisawasteoftime.17/spend(spent,spent)作及物动词，意为花费（时间，金钱）Shespentallhermoney.Hespentmuchmoneyonbooks.

辨析：spend,cost,pay,takespend:指花费时间，金钱或精力，主语为人，结构为sbspendtime/moneyon/doingsthShespent50dollarsontheskirt.Hespenttwoyearswritingthebook.pay:指支付，花费金钱，主语为人，常用结构为：sbpaymoney(forsth)Shepaid50000dollarsforthecar.cost:指花费金钱精力等，主语为物，常用结构为：sthcost(sb)moneyThehousecostthemalotofmoney.take:指花费时间，常用结构：ittakessbtimetodosth,it为形式主语Ittookhimthreeweekstofinishthework.Nowparentsare____(花费)moreandmoremoneyontheirchildren’seducation.A,costingB,spendingC,payingD,taking18/inorderto意为目的为是，为了，后面接动词原形，位置可放句首，也可放在句中；否定结构为inordernottodoShestartedat5o’clockinordernottobelate.

辨析：inorderto,inorderthatinorderto后面接动词原形，表目的inorderthat后面接从句，表目的，从句中常含有情态动词；Shesetoutearlyinorderthatshecouldarriveontime.AlotoffamousdoctorsgatheredinHarbin___save“China’smostbeautifulteacher”---MsZhangLiLi.A,sothatB,inordertoC,inorderthatD,asaresult 19/provide为及物动词，意为提供，供给。主要结构有：providesthforsb或providesbwithsth意为为某人提供某物Hehastoprovidefoodandclothesforhisfamily.Thecompanyprovidedmewithacar.20/dependon意为依靠，依赖；Wecandependonthisdictionary习语：Italldepends.或Thatdepends.意为视情况而定 20、since为连词，意为自…以来，自…以后，引导时间状语从句。Itistwoyearssincewevisitedyourmother.HehasworkedinthecompanysincehecametoChina.since作连词还可以引导原因状语从句。意为由于，因为，既然。Sincewedon’thavemoney,wecan’tbuyahouse. keep(kept,kept)常作及物动词，意为使某人或某物处于某种状态。Youshouldkeepthewindowopen.Goodfoodcankeepyouhealthy.Youshouldkeepthewindow____becausetheroomistoohot.A,openB,openingC,opened

解析：keep+宾语+形容词作宾主补足语为固定结构，意为使某事物处于某状态。21、asaresult为习惯用语，意为结果，因此。Asaresult,wehadtochangeourplan.asaresultof由于….；作为…的结果。Hehaslateasaresultofsnow.22、fallill生病，指一时的动作，后面不能接持续性时状语；Hefellilllastweek. beill生病，指生病的状态，后面可以接一段时间状语；Hehasbeenillforaweek.23/辨析：drop,falldrop下落，降落，常作不及物动词，也可作及物动词；指物体由于重力从高处往下落；Hedroppedthecup.fall下降，落下，只作不及物动词，指物体由于不明原因或物体本身推动平衡向下降落，有自然下落的意思。Leavesfallinautumn. 24、theearlier…,thebetter…意为越早…，越…好,其结构为the+比较级，the+比较级，意为越….，就越….Thefaster,thebetter.Themorefriendsyouhave,thehappieryou’llbe.---Therewasthickhaze(雾霾)inourcitythisspring.Whatdoyouthinkofit?---Ithink___carswedrive,___pollutionourcitywillhave.A,thefewer;thefewerB,thefewer;thelessC,themore;thefewerD,themore;theless

短语归纳：dothedishestakeouttherubbishgooutstayouthelpoutatleastthrowdownallthetimeinsurpriseassoonasspend…on…inordertoprovidesthforsbdependonlookafterkeepitcleanandtidygetintotakecareofasaresult用法集萃：finishdoingsth做完某事wantsbtodosth想让某人做某事try(not)todosth尽力做某事letsbdosth让某人做某事spend…(in)doingsth花费…做某事minddoingsth介意做某事learntodosth学会做某事learnhowtodosth学会怎样做某事 the+比较级，the+比较级越…，就越…

语法专项：情态动词could的用法本单元中，情态动词could用于有礼貌地提出要求或请求准许，用于疑问句，代替can,在时间上与can没有区别，但语气比can委婉，有礼貌。回答时要用can，不能用could。除此之外，肯定回答还可以用Sure./Certainly./y