2021年下半年大学英语四级阅读理解试题及重点词组

2021年下半年大学英语四级阅读理解试题及重点词组

一、四级阅读理解

1.Here'safamiliarversionoftheboy-meets-girl

situation.Ayoungmanhasatlastpluckedupcouragetoinvite

adazzlingyoungladyouttodinner.Shehasacceptedhis

invitationandheisoverjoyed.Heisdeterminedtotakeher

tothebestrestaurantintown,evenifitmeansthathewill

havetoliveonmemoriesandhopesduringthemonthtocome.

Whentheygettotherestaurant,hediscoversthatthisethereal

creatureisonadiet.Shemustn,teatthisandshemustn't

that.Oh,butofcourse,shedoesn,twanttospoilhisenjoyment.

Lethimbyallmeanseatasmuchfatteningfoodashewants:

it'sthesurestwaytoanearlygrave.Theyspendatruly

memorableeveningtogetherandneverseeeachotheragain.

Whatamiserablelotdietersare!Youcanalwaysrecognize

themfromthesourexpressionontheirfaces.Theyspendmost

oftheirtimeturningtheirnosesupatfood.Theyareforever

consultingcaloriecharts;gazingatthemselvesinmirrors;and

leapingontoweighing-machinesinthebathroom.Theyspenda

lifetimefightingalosingbattleagainstspreading

hips,protrudingtummiesanddoublechins.Somewageall-outwar

onFAT.Meredietingisnotenough.Theyexhaustthemselves

doingexercises,sweatinginsaunabaths,beingpummeledand

massagedbyweirdmachines.Thereallywealthydiet-mongerspay

vastsumsfor'healthcures'.Fortwoweekstheycanenter

anatureclinicandbestarvedtodeathforahundredguineas

aweek.Don'tthinkit,sonlythemiddle-agedwhogoinfor

thesefadseither.Manyofthesebrightyoungthingsyousee

aresufferingfromchronicmalnutrition:theyarelivingon

nothingbutair,waterandthegoodwillofGod.

Dietersundertaketostarvethemselvesoftheirownfree

will;sowhyaretheysomiserable?Well,foronething,

they'realwayshungry.Youcan'tbehungryandhappyatthe

sametime.Allthehorribleconcoctionstheyeatinsteadoffood

leavethempermanentlydissatisfied.Wonderfoodisacomplete

food,theadvertisementsays.'Justdissolveateaspoonfulin

water…’.Acompletefooditmaybe,butnotquiteascomplete

asajuicysteak.And,ofcourse,they'realwaysmiserable

becausetheyfeelsoguilty.Hungerjustprovestoomuchfor

themandintheendtheylashoutanddevourfivehuge

guilt-inducingcreamcakesatasitting.Andwhocanblamethem?

Atleastthreetimesadaytheyareexposedtotemptation.What

uttertortureitisalwayswatchingotherstuckingintopiles

ofmouth-wateringfoodwhileyoumunchawaterbiscuitandsip

unsweetenedlemonjuice!

What'sallthisself-inflictedtorturefor?Saintly

peopledeprivethemselvesoffoodtoattainastateofgrace.

Unsaintlypeopledosotoattainastateofmisery.Itwillbe

agreatdaywhenallthedietersintheworldabandontheir

slimmingcourses;whentheyholdouttheirplatesanddemand

secondhelpings!

1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis

[A]OnFat.

[B]WeShouldAllGrowFatandBeHappy.

[C]ManyDiseasesAreConnectedwithFat.

[D]DietDeprivesPeopleofNormalLife.

2.Whydotheyneverseeeachotheragain?

[A]Becauseitisamemorableevening.

[B]Becausesheletshimeatasmuchfatteningfoodashe

wants.

[C]Becauseshedoesnoteatthisanddrinkthat.

[D]Becauseeatingfatteningfoodisthesurestwaytoan

earlygrave.

3.WhichofthefollowingwaysisNOTmentionedfordiet?

[A]Doingexercises.

[B]Noteatingsugar.

[C]Noteatingfat.

[D]Takingsaunabaths.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowarddiet?

[A]Persuasive.

[B]Critical.

[C]Indifferent.

[D]Adversative.

答案详解

1.B.我们都该长得胖乎乎，心情愉快。这是文章的目的，也是

文章最佳标题。答案见最后一段：“这一切自我折磨为了什么？圣洁

的人们不吃饭菜是为了身材优美，不圣洁的人们不吃饭菜得到的是痛

苦。当世界上所有的节食者都抛弃这减轻体重显得苗条的课程时当他

们伸出盘子，要求再来一份（第二份食物）时一，这将是一个伟大的日

子。"A.论脂肪。似乎有点儿接近文章的内容。但文章涉及到的各

个方面并不是单讲脂肪食品或饮食问题。C.许多疾病和脂肪有关。

文内第一段提到这方面的问题。D.节食剥夺了人们正常生活。文内

提到，但不是文章的总目的和内容。

2.D,吃脂肪食品早死。答案就在第一段“当他们来到饭店，他

发现这位优雅的少女（飘逸的少女）是个忌口节食者。决不能吃这个，

一定不能喝那个。喔，当然，她不想扫他的兴，让他想吃多少脂肪的

食品就尽量吃。这是早早接近死亡的最有把握的途径。”这里传递两

点信息。一个吃，一个不吃已经是格格不入，再加上“多吃脂肪东西

早死亡”姑娘怎能嫁他，他一个人吃而那位姑娘瞧着，确实是难以忘

怀的夜晚，他受得了？所以D是最接近不再见面的原因。A.因为这是

一个值得纪念的夜晚。B.她让他爱吃多少脂肪食物就吃多少。C.因

为她不吃这个也不吃那个。这三项都是单独的事实或情况。

3.B,不吃糖。答案再第二段第二句开始“他们大部分时间对食

品都不屑一顾。他们永远向热量表讨教咨询，照镜子，跳到浴室的磅

秤上称重量。他们一声都在向臀部大，肚子突出，双下巴绽开一个准

输无疑的战斗。有的对脂肪开展了全面战斗。光节食是不够的，他们

运动以消耗体重，洗桑拿浴出汗，用奇异的机器按摩和击打。"A.运

动做操。C.不吃脂肪。D.洗桑拿浴。

4.B.批评的态度。这在第二、三段都有明显的表示。第二段开

始：“这些节食者是多么可怜的一群人啊!你总是可以从他们愁眉不

展的表情上认出他们。”第二段倒数第四句开始：“这些真正有钱的

节食大款为健康治疗支付大笔的款项。他们进到“自然门诊”。两个

星期饿得要死，每星期付一百畿尼。别以为仅仅是中年人参与这种时

尚活动。你可以见到许多青年正由于长期营养不良而遭罪。他们就靠

空气、水和上帝的善意而活着。”第三段，“节食者甘愿忍饥挨饿，

那么他们为什么那样难受悲惨呢?得，首先，他们总是感到饥饿。你

不可能饿着肚子高兴。他们吃的不是食物，全是搭配好的东西，这永

远不能使他们满意……”第三段倒数第三句“饥饿确实令他们感到

太受不了了。最终，他们破釜沉舟，一口气就吞下了五大块使人内疚

的奶油蛋糕。谁能责怪他们!他们一天至少三次面对引诱，老是看着

别人大口吃着馋涎欲滴的食品，而你自己用力嚼一口水饼干和喝一口

没有甜味的柠檬汁。这是一种什么样的折磨啊！”A.劝导的。C.漠不

关心。这两项不对。D.敌意的。不合适。

Vocabulary

1.ethereal优雅的，飘渺的

2.sour愁眉不展的

3.tummy肚子

4.protrude突出的，突起的

5.wage作（战），实行

6.all-out全面的

7.saunabath桑拿浴

8.pummel=pommel用拳头连打

9.massage按摩

10.weird不可思议的，离奇的

11.monger商人，贩子

12.fad一时流行的风尚

13.concoction调制品，荤素混合菜,调和物

14.wonderfood奇妙的食物

15.lashout痛斥，鞭打

16.ata/onesitting一口气

17.munch用力嚼

18.inflict予以打击，使遭受

19.slim苗条的，不足取的，无价值的

写作方法与文章大意

文章论及“减肥及痛苦”。以先声夺人的男女约会入手，引入减

肥的痛苦过程：首先是各种减肥的方法（全面战斗）；其次是痛苦的难

熬;最后点出减肥的目的。号召人放弃减肥。三段式文章：引言，正

文和结论。以讽刺的笔调，步步深入的手法劝人放弃减肥，过愉快的

生活。

2.Itiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirement

becauseonceyouareinside,theorganizationalconstraints（约

束）influencewageincreases.Onething,however,iscertain:

yourchancesofgettingtheraiseyoufeelyoudeserveareless

ifyoudon,tatleastaskforit.Mentendtoaskformore,

andtheygetmore,andthisholdstruewithotherresources,

notjustpayincreases.ConsiderBeth'sstory:

IdidnotgetwhatIwantedwhenIdidnotaskforit.We

hadcubicle（小隔间）officesandwindowoffices.Isatinthe

cubicleswithseveralmalecolleagues.Onebyonetheywere

movedintowindowoffices,whileIremainedinthecubicles,

severalmaleswhowerehiredaftermealsowenttooffices.One

inparticulartoldmehewasnextinlineforanofficeandthat

ithadbeenpartofhisnegotiationsforthejob.Iguessthey

thoughtmecontenttostayinthecubiclessinceIdidnotvoice

myopinioneitherway.

Itwouldbeniceifweal1receivedautomaticpayincreases

equaltoourmerit,but“nice"isn'taqualityattributed

tomostorganizations.Ifyoufeelyoudeserveasignificant

raiseinpay,you'11probablyhavetoaskforit.

Performanceisyourbestbargainingchip(筹码)whenyou

areseekingaraise.Youmustbeabletodemonstratethatyou

deservearaise.Timingisalsoagoodbargainingchip.Ifyou

cangiveyourbosssomethingheorsheneeds(anewclientor

asizablecontract,forexample)justbeforemeritpay

decisionsarebeingmade,youaremorelikelytogettheraise

youwant.

Useinformationasabargainingchiptoo.Findoutwhatyou

areworthontheopenmarket.Whatwillsomeoneelsepayfor

yourservices?

Gointothenegotiationspreparedtoplaceyourchipson

thetableattheappropriatetimeandpreparedtouse

communicationstyletoguidethedirectionoftheinteraction.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Accordingtothepassage,beforetakingajob,aperson

should.

A.demonstratehiscapability

B.givehisbossagoodimpression

C.askforasmuchmoneyashecan

D.askforthesalaryhehopestoget

2.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeth'sstory?

A.Prejudiceagainstwomenstillexistsinsome

organizations.

B.Ifpeoplewantwhattheydeserve,theyhavetoaskfor

it.

C.Peopleshouldnotbecontentwithwhattheyhavegot.

D.Peopleshouldbecarefulwhennegotiatingforajob.

3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.unfairnessexistsinsalaryincreases

B.mostpeopleareoverworkedandunderpaid

C.oneshouldavoidoverstatingone'sperformance

D.mostorganizationsgivetheirstaffautomaticpayraises

4.Togetapayraise,apersonshould.

A.advertisehimselfonthejobmarket

B.persuadehisbosstosignalong-termcontract

C)trytogetinsideinformationabouttheorganization

D)dosomethingtoimpresshisbossjustbeforemeritpay

decisions

5.Tobesuccessfulinnegotiations,onemust.

A.meethisbossattheappropriatetime

B.arriveatthenegotiationtablepunctually

C.begoodatinfluencingtheoutcomeoftheinteraction

D.befamiliarwithwhattheboss1ikesanddislikes

参考答案

1.[D]推理判断题。根据文章第1句。开头立论：“Itiseasier

tonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirement在进入公司以前就谈妥

你的最初工资要求要更容易些”。因此，在接受一份工作前应该先提

出期望薪金要求，即D。注意C中asmuch…ashecan意思太绝对,

不妥。

2.[B]推理判断题。Beth的故事是为了证明第1段提出的观点，

主要依据第2段第1句，第3段最后一句再次印证。核心词为askfor0

3.[A]推理判断题。从Beth的故事中不难总结出：如果你要求

加薪或提升，你可能就会得到满足;你如果不要求，老板就可能不予

考虑。因此在salaryincrease中含有很大的主观因素，故而unfair。

直接依据为第3段第1句。

4.[D]事实细节题。根据倒数第3段，performance"工作表

现"，timing“抓住时机”和information“利用信息”是加薪的三

大筹码。D与其中对timing的阐述一致。

5.[C]事实细节题。最后一段指出，带着准备好的筹码去跟老板

商谈加薪，并在合适的时候拿出来,而且要运用一定的交际手段引导

谈判的发展方向，即C。注意其中placeyourchipsonthetableat

theappropriatetime"在适当的时候拿出筹码”不等于A中的meet

hisbossattheappropriatetime。

3.阅读理解：冰箱的好与坏

Thefridgeisconsiderednecessary.Ithasbeensosince

the1960swhenpackagedfoodlistappearedwiththelabel:

“Storeintherefrigerator.

InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,1wasfedwelland

healthy.Themilkmancameeveryday,thegrocer,thebutcher

（肉商），thebaker,andtheice-creammandeliveredtwoorthree

timeseachweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayand

surplus（乘!J余的）breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.

Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.

Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetables

arealmostunobtainableinthecountry.

Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparatively

littletotheartoffoodpreservation.Manywell-tried

techniquesalreadyexisted-naturalcooling,drying,smoking,

salting,sugaring,bottling...

Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketingmarketing

hardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketing

deadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheworldinsearchofagood

price.

Consequently,mostoftheworld（sfridgesaretobefound,

notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butinthe

richcountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyare

climaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsof

fridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busily

maintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsidean

artificially-heatedhouse-whileoutside,natureprovides

thedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.

Thefridge'seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,

whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeennot

important.Ifyoudon'tbelieveme,tryityourself,investin

afoodcabinetandmmoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaynot

eatthehamburgers（汉堡包），butatleastyou'11getridofthat

terriblehum.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Thestatement“Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwas

fedwellandhealthily."suggeststhat.

A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridge

inhisfifties.

B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtofridgeseveninhis

fifties.

C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor'shomeinthe1950s.

D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe

1950s.

2.Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbefore

theinventionoffridges?

A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary.

B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek.

C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidnotgetrotteneasily.

D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood.

3.Whobenefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtothe

author?

A.Inventors.

B.Consumers.

C.Manufacturers.

D.Travellingsalesmen.

4.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraph

indicatesthefridge'snegativeeffectontheenvironment?

A.”Humawaycontinuously”.

B.”Climaticallyalmostunnecessary”.

C.”Artificially-cooledspace”.

D.”Withmildtemperatures”.

5.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardfridges?

A.Neutral.

B.Critical.

C.Objective.

D.Compromising.

参考答案

1.[C]句意理解题。由句中的childhood可知，fifties指的应

该是50年代，而不可能是50多岁，据此可排除A、B;fridgeless是

合成词，由词根fridge〃冰箱”和表示否定的后缀Tess组成，由可

推断其意为“无冰箱的〃，故C正确。

2.[D]事实细节题。在第2段中，说到“不会浪费东西”前，作

者指出把吃剩的面包和牛奶做成蛋糕，以防止浪费，故D正确。A、C

在文中并未提及，排除;B所述并非不浪费食物的原因，也可排除。

3.[B]观点态度题。综观全文，作者对认为冰箱不是必备品，最

后一段更明确指出，它对人类幸福的贡献微不足道，故可推断，消费

者从冰箱中获益最少，故B正确。

4.[A]词义理解题。A中的hum指“发出嗡嗡声表明冰箱产生

的嗓音，是对环境的负面作用，故正确。B、D只是指出冰箱在实际

上没有必要使用的地区却被广泛使用；C仅说明冰箱是对人工加热房

间的影响，并不能说明其对环境的影响，故排除。

5.[B]观点态度题。考查作者的观点，可根据文中细节得出答案。

第3段首提到，冰箱对保存食物没有多大贡献，最后一段首则指出它

对环境的影响已是显而易见的，这些细节都表明作者对冰箱持批评态

度。

4.Oneofthebitterestandmosttime-wormdebatesin

studentunionbarsupanddownthecountryisresolvedas

academicresearchconfirmsthatinfinancialtermsatleast,

artsdegreesareacompletewasteoftime.Gettingthrough

universityboostsstudentsJearningsby25%,onaweighted

average,or$220,000overtheirlifetime,accordingto

ProfessorIanWalkerofWarwickUniversity-butiftheystudy

ShakespeareorthepeasantsJrevoltinsteadofanatomyof

contractlaw,thosegainsarelikelytobecompletelywipedout.

Thegovernmentisabouttoallowuniversitiestocharge

studentsupto$3,000ayearfortheirdegrees,arguingthat

it'sasmallpricetopaycomparedwiththefinancialrewards

graduatesreaplaterinlife.ButProf.Walker'sresearchshows

therearesharpvariationsinreturnsaccordingtowhich

subjectastudenttakes.

Law,medicineandeconomicsorbusinessarethemost

lucrativechoices,makingtheiraverageearnings25%higher,

accordingtothearticle,publishedintheofficefornational

statistics'monthlyjournal.Scientistsget10-15%extra.At

thebottomofthelistareartssubjects,whichmakeonlya

“smallndifferencetoearnings-asmallnegativeone,infact.

Justaheadaredegreesineducation-whichleavehardpressed

teachersanaverageof5%betteroffayearthaniftheyhadleft

schoolat18.

"it'shardtoresisttheconclusionthatwhatstudents

learndoesmatteralot;andsomesubjectareasgivemoremodest

financialreturnsthanothers,"Prof.Walkersaid.Asan

economist,hewasquicktopointoutthatstudentsmightgain

non-financialreturnsfromartsdegrees:"Studyingeconomics

mightbeverydull,forexample,andstudyingpost-modernism

mightbealotoffun.”

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ProfessorWalkerJsResearch

B.HowtoMakeBigMoney.

C.DifferencesBetweenScienceandArtsDegrees.

D.StudyingArtsHasNegativeFinancialOutcome.

2.Universitieschargestudentsaratherhightuition

mainlybecause

A.theyprovidethestudentswithveryprosperoussubjects

tolearn

B.theyassumethattheirgraduatescanearnmuchmorethan

theyhadpaid

C.theydon'tgetfinancialsupportfromthegovernment

D.theyneedmuchrevenuetosupporttheeducational

expenses

3.Theword“lucrative”(Line1,Para.4)mostprobably

means

A.sensible

B.creative

C.profitable

D.reliable

4.Law,medicalandbusinessgraduatescouldearn25%more

than

A.educationgraduates

B.artsgraduates

C.thosewhohadnotstudiedattheuniversity

D.theaverageincome

5.Wecansafelyconcludethattheauthor

A.regardsartsdegreesasmeaningless

B.findsthisresultdisappointingandunfair

C.wantsthestudentstothinktwicebeforetheydecidewhat

tolearnincollege

D.holdsthatartsdegreesarestillrewardingdespiteits

scarcefinancialreturns

参考答案

1.ED］主旨大意题。本文为Walker教授的研究成果，旨在说明

不同专业的毕业生有不同的经济回报，并非要传授发财心得或者比较

文理科的异同。文章首句即为本题解题关键，故D正确。

2.［B］事实细节题。定位至第3段第1句。本文只有这一句与收

取学费有关，后一个分句即前一个分句的理由，抓住其中隐含的因果

关系就不难找到正确答案。

3.［C］词义理解题。通过下文数据earnings25%higher和get

10-15%extra可以推测lucrative大意应为“给人带来丰厚收入的“，

故选Co

4.［C］事实细节题。第4段中出现了几个比较数字，考题要求找

到此段首句提到的收入增加25%的参照点。第2段第1句中的Getting

throughuniversity表明这类学生收入增加25%的参照对象是没读

大学的人，且从第4段第3句中的thelist和第4句即可以确定这

一段是在比较大学毕业与18岁毕业（即没读大学）收入的不同，因此

C正确。

5.［D］推理判断题。结论往往出现在文章结尾，要想答对此题，

一定要仔细体会本文末句。本文虽然重点讨论文科没有经济效益，但

是作者并没有做出主观判断，故A、B、C都不正确，而作者在文章最

后讲到了人文学科虽然经济效益不佳但学习过程更有趣，故D符合作

者意思。

5.Oneofthebitterestandmosttime-wormdebatesin

studentunionbarsupanddownthecountryisresolvedas

academicresearchconfirmsthatinfinancialtermsatleast,

artsdegreesareacompletewasteoftime.Gettingthrough

universityboostsstudentsJearningsby25%,onaweighted

average,or$220,000overtheirlifetime,accordingto

ProfessorIanWalkerofWarwickUniversity-butiftheystudy

ShakespeareorthepeasantsJrevoltinsteadofanatomyof

contractlaw,thosegainsarelikelytobecompletelywipedout.

Thegovernmentisabouttoallowuniversitiestocharge

studentsupto$3,000ayearfortheirdegrees,arguingthat

it'sasmallpricetopaycomparedwiththefinancialrewards

graduatesreaplaterinlife.ButProf.Walker'sresearchshows

therearesharpvariationsinreturnsaccordingtowhich

subjectastudenttakes.

Law,medicineandeconomicsorbusinessarethemost

lucrativechoices,makingtheiraverageearnings25%higher,

accordingtothearticle,publishedintheofficefornational

statistics'monthlyjournal.Scientistsget10-15%extra.At

thebottomofthelistareartssubjects,whichmakeonlya

“small“differencetoearnings-asmallnegativeone,infact.

Justaheadaredegreesineducation-whichleavehardpressed

teachersanaverageof5%betteroffayearthaniftheyhadleft

schoolat18.

"it'shardtoresisttheconclusionthatwhatstudents

learndoesmatteralot;andsomesubjectareasgivemoremodest

financialreturnsthanothers,"Prof.Walkersaid.Asan

economist,hewasquicktopointoutthatstudentsmightgain

non-finaneialreturnsfromartsdegrees:"Studyingeconomics

mightbeverydull,forexample,andstudyingpost-modernism

mightbealotoffun.”

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ProfessorWalkerJsResearch

B.HowtoMakeBigMoney.

C.DifferencesBetweenScienceandArtsDegrees.

D.StudyingArtsHasNegativeFinancialOutcome.

2.Universitieschargestudentsaratherhightuition

mainlybecause

A.theyprovidethestudentswithveryprosperoussubjects

tolearn

B.theyassumethattheirgraduatescanearnmuchmorethan

theyhadpaid

C.theydon'tgetfinancialsupportfromthegovernment

D.theyneedmuchrevenuetosupporttheeducational

expenses

3.Theword“lucrative”(Line1,Para.4)mostprobably

means

A.sensible

B.creative

C.profitable

D.reliable

4.Law,medicalandbusinessgraduatescouldearn25%more

than

A.educationgraduates

B.artsgraduates

C.thosewhohadnotstudiedattheuniversity

D.theaverageincome

5.Wecansafelyconcludethattheauthor

A.regardsartsdegreesasmeaningless

B.findsthisresultdisappointingandunfair

C.wantsthestudentstothinktwicebeforetheydecidewhat

tolearnincollege

D.holdsthatartsdegreesarestillrewardingdespiteits

scarcefinancialreturns

1.M主旨大意题。本文为Walker教授的研究成果，旨在说明

不同专业的毕业生有不同的经济回报，并非要传授发财心得或者比较

文理科的异同。文章首句即为本题解题关键，故D正确。

2.[B]事实细节题。定位至第3段第1句。本文只有这一句与收

取学费有关，后一个分句即前一个分句的理由，抓住其中隐含的因果

关系就不难找到正确答案。

3.[C]词义理解题。通过下文数据earnings25%higher和get

10-15%extra可以推测lucrative大意应为“给人带来丰厚收入的“，

故选Co

4.[C]事实细节题。第4段中出现了儿个比较数字，考题要求找

到此段首句提到的收入增加25%的参照点。第2段第1句中的Getting

throughuniversity表明这类学生收入增加25%的参照对象是没读

大学的人，且从第4段第3句中的thelist和第4句即可以确定这

一段是在比较大学毕业与18岁毕业（即没读大学）收入的不同，因此

C正确。

5.[D]推理判断题。结论往往出现在文章结尾，要想答对此题，

一定要仔细体会本文末句。本文虽然重点讨论文科没有经济效益，但

是作者并没有做出主观判断，故A、B、C都不正确，而作者在文章最

后讲到了人文学科虽然经济效益不佳但学习过程更有趣，故D符合作

者意思。

6.Questions36-45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Yearsago,doctorsoftensaidthatpainwasanormalpart

oflife.Inparticular,whenolderpatients36ofpain,

theyweretolditwasanaturalpartofagingandtheywould

havetolearnto,livewithit.

Timeshavechanged.Today,wetakepain____37____.Indeed,

painisnowconsideredthefifthvital,asimportantasblood

pressure,temperature,breathingrateandpulsein38a

personJswell-being.Weknowthatchronic（慢性的）paincan

disrupt（扰舌L的）aperson,slife,causingproblemsthat____39

____frommissedworktodepression.

That,swhyagrowingnumberofhospitalsnowdependupon

physicianswho40____inpainmedicine.Notonlydowe

evaluatethecauseofthepain,whichcanhelpustreatthepain

better,butwealsohelpprovidecomprehensivetherapyfor

depressionandotherpsychologicalandsocial____41

relatedtochronicpain.Suchcomprehensivetherapyoften

____42theworkofsocialworkers,psychiatrists（心理

医生）andpsychologists,aswe11asspecialistsinpain

medicine.

Thismodem43forpainmanagementhasledtoa

wealthofinnovativetreatmentswhicharemoreeffectiveand

withfewersideeffectsthaneverbefore.Decadesago,there

wereonlya____44numberofdrugsavailable,andmanyof

themcaused45____sideeffectsinolderpeople,including

dizzinessandfatigue.Thiscreatedadouble-edgedsword:the

medicationshelpedrelievethepainbutcausedotherproblems

thatcouldbeworsethanthepainitself.

A.result

B.involves

C.significant

D.range

E.relieved

F.issues

G.seriously

H.magnificent

I.determining

J.limited

K.gravely

L.complained

M.respect

N.prompting

0.specialize

参考答案：36-45LGIDOFBMJC

7.Longafterthe1998WorldCupwaswon,disappointedfans

werestillcursingthedisputedrefereeing（裁判）decisionsthat

deniedvictorytotheirteam.Aresearcherwasappointedto

studytheperformanceofsometopreferees.

Theresearcherorganizedanexperimentaltournament（锦标

W）involvingfouryouthteams.Eachmatchlastedanhour,

dividedintothreeperiodsof20minutesduringwhichdifferent

refereeswereincharge.

Observersnoteddownthereferees'errors,ofwhichthere

were61overthetournament.Convertedtoastandardmatchof

90minutes,eachrefereemadealmost23mistakes,aremarkably

highnumber.

Theresearcherthenstudiedthevideotapestoanalyzethe

matchesindetail.Surprisingly,hefoundthaterrorsweremore

1ikelywhentherefereeswereclosetotheincident.Whenthe

officialsgotitright,theywere,onaverage,17metersaway

fromtheaction.Theaveragedistanceinthecaseoferrors

was12meters.Theresearchshowstheoptimum（最佳的）distanceis

about20meters.

Therealsoseemedtobeanoptimumspeed.Correctdecisions

camewhentherefereesweremovingataspeedofabout2meters

persecond.Theaveragespeedforerrorswas4metersper

second.

IfFIFA,footballJsinternationalrulingbody,wantsto

improvethestandardofrefereeingatthenextWorldCup,it

shouldencouragerefereestokeeptheireyesontheactionfrom

adistance,ratherthanrushingtokeepupwiththeball,the

researcherargues.

HealsosaysthatFIFA'sinsistencethatrefereesshould

retireatage45maybemisguided.Ifkeepingupwiththeaction

isnotsoimportant,theirphysicalconditionislesscritical.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Theexperimentconductedbytheresearcherwasmeant

to.

A.reviewthedecisionsofrefereesatthe1998WorldCup

B.analyzethecausesoferrorsmadebyfootballreferees

C.setastandardforfootballrefereeing

D.reexaminetherulesforfootballrefereeing