2019年英语新必修五讲义Unit2SectionⅢGrammar--过去分词作宾语补足语

Section_ⅢGrammar—_过去分词作宾语补足语语法图解探究发现第一组：①NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.②Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth,butmostoftheindustrialcitiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEngland.③HaveyoueverheardthesongsunginChinese?④We'dliketoseetheproblemssolvedwithinsevendays.第二组：①IhadaphototakenstandingontheGreatWall.②FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway.③Youmustmakeyourselfrespected.第三组：①Theteacherwantedtheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.②Themanagerwishedthoseletterstypedassoonaspossible.[我的发现](1)以上例句中的过去分词在句中作宾语补足语，它们与句子宾语之间的关系为逻辑上的被动关系或完成关系。(2)在第一组句子中，find,_hear和see等感官动词后接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语。(3)在第二组句子中，have,_get和make等使役动词后接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语。(4)在第三组句子中，want和wish都为表示意愿或愿望的动词，其后可以用过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语。一、常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况1．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched.他起床晚了，没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。Clairehadherluggagecheckedanhourbeforeherplaneleft.在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱儿对行李进行了安检。Whiletheywereonholiday,theyhadtheircarbrokeninto.他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。3．感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。Whenwesawtheroadblockedwithsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。Thenextmorningpeoplefoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like,want,wish,expect,order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。Themanagerorderedtheworkfinishedattheendofthisweek.经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。5．过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealreadylaidforamealtobecooked.客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备盛放即将做好的饭菜。Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhisworkfinished,hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。[即时演练1]用所给词的适当形式填空①Backfromhistwo­yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismothertaken(take)goodcareofathome.②Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcarwashed(wash).③Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleaguesamused(amuse)withherstories.④Withtheproblemsolved(solve),thequalityhasbeenimproved.⑤Thebosswouldn'tlikethetopicdiscussed(discuss)atthemeeting.⑥Hewalkedintotheroomquietlyinordernottomakehimselfnoticed(notice)．二、非谓语动词(短语)作宾语补足语的区别1．感官动词(短语)see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以hear为例)：hear＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.听到……正在做……主动、,进行,dosth.听到……做了……主动、完成,done听到……被做被动、完成或无时,间性))IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动、正在进行)IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动、完成)TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动、无时间性)[即时演练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenhergrow(grow)upfromchildhood.②Themissingboywaslastseenplaying(play)neartheriver.③Whenhecameback,hewasgladtoseetheworkfinished(finish)．2．使役动词make,have,get,keep后加复合宾语的比较make＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.让……做某事主动,done让……被做被动))Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。Imademyselfknowntothemfirstandthenwetalkedaboutourhobbies.我先向他们作了自我介绍，然后我们谈论了自己的爱好。have＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.使……做某事主动,doingsth.使……持续做某事主动、,进行,done使……被做被动))Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt.妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。get＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth.使……做某事主动,doingsth.使……开始做某事主动,done使……被做被动))Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他让我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。I'llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。keep＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.使……一直做某事主动、,进行,done使……被做被动))I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.对不起，让你久等了。Shekepthereyesshutandstayedwhereshewas.她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。[即时演练3]用所给词的适当形式填空①Barbaraoftenmakesascheduletogetherselfreminded(remind)ofwhatsheistodointheday.②Hewantstohavehiseyesexamined(examine)tomorrow.③Hespokeslowlyandclearlysothathecouldmakehimselfunderstood(understand)．④LiHua,whowasbusypreparingareport,couldn'tputupwiththeloudnoise,sohekeptallthewindowsshut(shut)alldaylong.3．with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较eq\x(with\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb./sth.doing主动、进行,sth.done被动、完成,sth.todo表示将来)))WeChatislikeapublicnetwork,withpeoplesharinginformationpublicly;whatevertheysayorpublishcanbeseenbyeverybody.微信像是一个公开网络，人们公开分享信息，不管他们说什么、发布什么，大家都可以看到。Withagreatweighttakenoffhermind,shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.由于放下了极大的思想包袱，她成功地通过了所有考试。Withalotofworktodo,shewasn'tallowedtoleaveheroffice.由于有许多工作要做，她不被允许离开办公室。[即时演练4]用所给词的适当形式填空①Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowing(follow)them.②Withmanybrightly­colouredflowersplanted(plant)aroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.③Withsomanythingsto_consider(consider),wehaven'tdecidedonthefinalplanyet.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproductsdeveloped(develop)aftergreateffort.2．Withthecoupleworking(work)inanearbytown,thehouseseemsprettyemptymostofthetime.3．Inthejobinterviews,jobapplicantsoftenfindthemselvesasked(ask)unexpectedquestions,someverydifficulttoanswer.4．—Doyouthinkyoucouldgetthispackagemailed(mail)forme,please?—Noproblem!5．Withtheworkfinished(finish),theywenttotheseasideforaholiday.6．I'vehearditsaid(say)thatElizabethisatoughbusinesswoman.7.Thepolicepromisedthattheywouldkeeptherelativesofthevictiminformed(inform)ofeverythingabouttheinvestigation.8.He'sagoodwatchrepairerandcangettheclockgoing(go)again.9．Thegirlansweredthequestioninsuchalowvoicethatshecouldn'tmakeherselfheard(hear)byothers.10．Don'tleavethatmanovertherewaiting(wait)outsideandshowhiminnow.Ⅱ.单句写作1．TheInternetkeepsus_informed_ofthelatestnewsandalsoprovidesentertainmentinthehouse.Itisnowonderthatit'ssopopularworldwide.网络使我们在家就能了解最新的新闻，而且也为我们提供娱乐，难怪它在全球那么受欢迎。2．Ifyouwanttomakeyourself_respected,_youareabovealltorespectyourself.如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重自己。3．Addictedtocomputergames,heleftmuch_homework_unfinished.他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。4．Thenewsreallymade_me_disappointed.这消息真让我失望。5．Whereverwego,wewillseethis_kind_of_products_advertised.无论我们到哪里，都会看到这种产品在做广告。6．Nowadays,andhave_them_deliveredbytheexpresscompany.现在，越来越多的人喜欢在淘宝网上“淘”东西，然后让快递公司邮寄。7．Withall_his_lessons_prepared,_Peterwenttobed,relaxed.由于准备好了所有的课程，彼得放松上床睡觉了。8．Whenhewokeup,hefound_himself_surrounded_by_a_group_of_children.当他醒来时，他发觉一群孩子围着他。Ⅲ.语法填空FacebookfounderMarkZuckerberg__1__(recent)surprisedChinesestudentswhenhespoketo__2__inChinese.InatalkatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,ZuckerbergspokeChineseforabout30minutes.__3__hisChinesewasfarfromperfect,studentsandfacultycheeredhiseffort.ClaytonDubeistheheadoftheU．S.­ChinaInstituteattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.HepraisesZuckerberg'sef