2019年英语新必修二讲义Unit4SectionⅠWarmingUpReading-Pre-reading

TheoldElephantHouseattheNationalZooinWashingtonD．C.hasbeenrenovated(翻新)toincludealotmorespaceforthegiantanimalstoplay,restandeventakeashower.IthasbeenrenamedtheElephantCommunity“It'sagreatplaceforelephantstosocialize，”saidMarieGalloway,whoistheelephantmanageratthezoo.Thecommunitycenterisdesignedtoholdasmanyas10elephants.Althoughthezooplanstoincreasetheherd(象群),therearenowjustthreeelephants:Ambika,ShanthiandKandula.Gallowaysaideachanimalreacted(作出反应)differentlytothenewspace.Shanthi,38yearsold,walkedrightinandexploredeverywhere.Ambika,65,wasverycautious(谨慎的)thefirstday,notsureifthenewspacewassafe.AndKandula,Shanthi's11­year­oldson,hadafunnywayofdealingwiththeunknown.“Hebackedhiswayin，”Gallowaysaidwithalaugh.“Theelephantsarealreadyenjoyingthrowingsandononeanother，”saidGalloway.Peoplealsohavealotmoretodothanintheoldbuilding,wheretheyhadfewchancestolearnaboutendangeredspeciesfromAsia.There'sadisplayfeaturingoneofKandula'soldtoys:a750­poundtire.Visitorscanwatchavideoofhimplaying.Thereareseveralotherhands­onactivities,includingamachinethatcompareselephantsoundsandhumanvoices.Youalsocanmakeapromisetosavetheelephants.Lastly,“protection”isthemessagezooofficialshopevisitorswilltakeawayfromtheexhibition.“We'rehopingpeoplewillcometo...andbecomeeducated，”Gallowaysaid.“Andtakeactiontoprotectelephants.”Section_ⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Pre­readingeq\a\vs4\al([原文呈现])eq\a\vs4\al([读文清障])HOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFEDaisyhadalwayslongedtohelp①endangeredspecies②ofwildlife.Onedayshewokeupandfoundaflyingcarpet③byherbed.“Wheredoyouwanttogo？”itasked.Daisyresponded④immediately.“I'dliketoseesomeendangeredwildlife，”shesaid.“Pleasetakemetoadistant⑤landwhereIcanfindtheanimalthatgavefur⑥tomakethissweater.”AtoncethecarpetflewawayandtookhertoTibet.ThereDaisysawanantelopelookingsad⑦.Itsaid，“We'rebeingkilledforthewoolbeneath⑧ourstomachs.Ourfurisbeingusedtomakesweatersforpeoplelikeyou.Asaresult,wearenowanendangeredspecies.”At⑨thatDaisycried，“I'msorryIdidn'tknowthat.Iwonderwhatisbeingdonetohelpyou.Flyingcarpet,pleaseshowmeaplacewherethere'ssomewildlifeprotection⑩.”①longvt.&vi.渴望；极想longtodosth.渴望做某事此句中hadlongedtodosth.是过去完成时形式，意为“早就渴望做某事”，发生在以下所讲故事之前，所以用过去完成时。②species/'spiːʃiːz/n.种类；物种(单复数同形)③carpet/'kɑːpIt/n.地毯④respond/rI'spɒnd/vi.回答；响应；做出反应respondtosth.对某事做出反应⑤distant/'dIstənt/adj.远的；远处的⑥fur/fзː/n.毛皮；毛；软毛where和that都引导的是定语从句；分别修饰land和animal。⑦sawanantelope...为“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。⑧beneathprep.在下面，在底下(相当于under)⑨此处介词at表示“针对……做出反应”。⑩where引导定语从句，修饰先行词aplace。戴茜是如何学会帮助野生动植物的[第1段译文]戴茜一直都渴望帮助那些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。一天她醒来，发现床边有一块飞毯。飞毯问：“你想去哪儿？”戴茜立刻回答。“我想去看一些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。”她说。飞毯立刻起飞了，带她到了西藏。在那里，戴茜看到一只藏羚羊面带忧郁的神色。它说：“为了取得我们肚皮底下的羊毛，我们正在被屠杀。我们的毛皮被用来为像你一样的人们制作毛衣。因此，我们现在濒临灭绝了。”听了这话，戴茜哭了：“我很抱歉，我过去不知道还有这回事儿。我想知道为了帮助你们正在采取什么措施。飞毯啊，请把我带到一个有野生动植物保护的地方去吧。”TheflyingcarpettravelledsofastthatnextminutetheywereinZimbabwe⑪.Daisyturnedaround⑫andfoundthatshewasbeingwatchedbyanelephant.“Haveyoucometotakemyphoto⑬？”itasked.Inrelief⑭Daisyburstintolaughter⑮.“Don'tlaugh，”saidtheelephant,“Weusedtobeanendangeredspecies.Farmershunteduswithoutmercy⑯.Theysaidwedestroyedtheirfarms,andmoneyfromtouristsonlywenttothelargetourcompanies.Sothegovernmentdecidedtohelp.Theyallowedtouriststohuntonlyacertain⑰numberofanimalsiftheypaidthefarmers.Nowthefarmersarehappyandournumbersareincreasing.Sogoodthingsarebeingdoneheretosavelocalwildlife⑱.”⑪so...that如此……以至于，that引导结果状语从句。⑫turnaround转身；环顾；翻身⑬takeone'sphoto＝takeaphotoofsb.给某人拍照⑭inrelief如释重负；松了口气(一般情况下作状语)relief/rI'liːf/n.(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物⑮burstintolaughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来burstinto＋n.相当于burstoutdoing。laughter/'lɑːftə/n.笑；笑声⑯mercy/'mзːsI/n.仁慈；宽恕；怜悯withoutmercy毫无怜悯地；无情地⑰certain/'sзːtn/adj.确定的；某一；一定acertainnumberof一定(数)量的⑱Sogoodthingsarebeingdone...是现在进行时的被动语态，表示现阶段正在发生的被动动作。[第2段译文]飞毯飞行得如此快，以至于一转眼他们就来到了津巴布韦。戴茜转过身去，看到一头大象正望着她。大象问道：“你是来给我拍照的吗？”戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。“不要笑了，”大象说道，“我们过去是濒危动物，农民们残忍地捕杀我们。他们说，我们破坏了他们的农田，而旅游者的钱过去都流进了大型旅游公司。于是政府决定出面提供帮助。如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。如今农民高兴了，我们的数量也在增加。为了拯救当地的野生动植物，他们也在做一些好事。”Daisysmiled,“That'sgoodnews.Itshowstheimportance⑲ofwildlifeprotection,butI'dliketohelpastheWWFsuggests⑳.”Thecarpetroseagainandalmostatoncetheywereinathickrainforest.Amonkeywatchedthemasitrubbedeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))itself.“Whatareyoudoing？”askedDaisy.“I'mprotectingmyselffromeq\o(○,\s\up1(22))mosquitoeseq\o(○,\s\up1(23))，”itreplied.“WhenIfindamillipedeeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))insecteq\o(○,\s\up1(25))，Irubitovermybody.Itcontainseq\o(○,\s\up1(26))apowerfuleq\o(○,\s\up1(27))drugwhichaffectseq\o(○,\s\up1(28))mosquitoes.Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))therainforestwhereIliveandappreciateeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))howtheanimalslivetogether.Norainforest,noanimals,nodrugs.”Daisywasamazedeq\o(○,\s\up1(31)).“Flyingcarpet,pleasetakemehomesoIcantellWWFandwecanbeginproducingeq\o(○,\s\up1(32))thisnewdrug.Monkey,pleasecomeandhelp.”Themonkeyagreed.Thecarpetflewhome.Astheylandedeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))，thingsbegantodisappear.Twominuteslatereverythinghadgone—themonkey,too.SoDaisywasnotabletomakehernewdrug.Butwhatanexperienceeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))！Shehadlearnedsomuch!AndtherewasalwaysWWF...⑲importance/Im'pɔːtns/n.重要(性)(be)ofgreatimportance非常重要的⑳WWF(WorldWildlifeFund)世界野生生物基金会astheWWFsuggests是as引导的方式状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))rub/rʌb/vt.擦；摩擦eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))protect...from保护……不受……(危害)eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))mosquito/mə'skiːtəʊ/n.(pl.mosquitoes)蚊子eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))millipede/'mIlIpiːd/n.(＝millepede)千足虫eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))insect/'Insekt/n.昆虫eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))contain/kən'teIn/vt.包含；容纳；容忍eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))powerful/'paʊəfl/adj.强大的；有力的eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))affect/ə'fekt/vt.影响；感动；侵袭(相当于haveaneffecton)eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))payattentionto注意(to为介词)attention/ə'tenʃn/n.注意；关注；注意力eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))appreciate/ə'priːʃIeIt/vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))amazedadj.吃惊的；惊愕的beamazedat对……感到吃惊amazingadj.令人吃惊的eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))begindoingsth.开始做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))landvi.&vt.(使)着陆；降落eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))whatanexperience！“多么奇妙的一次经历！”是感叹句，是whatanexperienceitwas！的省略表达。[第3～4段译文]戴茜笑道：“那可是个好消息。这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。”飞毯再次升起，几乎一转眼他们就到了茂密的热带雨林。一只猴子一边擦着身体，一边望着他们。戴茜问：“你在做什么呢？”它回答说：“我这样做可以防止蚊子叮咬。当我发现一种千足虫时，便把它擦在身上。它含有一种强效的药物，可以防止蚊子叮咬。你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林中的动物是如何在一起生活的。没有雨林，就没有动物，也就没有药物了。”,戴茜很惊讶。“飞毯，请带我回家去，我可以告诉世界野生生物基金会，我们可以开始生产这种新药。猴子，请跟我回去帮忙吧。”猴子同意了，毯子飞回了家。当他们着地时，一切就开始消失了。两分钟后，什么都没了——猴子也没了。这样，戴茜就不能制造新药了。但是，这是一次多么奇妙的经历呀！她学到了那么多东西！而且，还一直有世界野生生物基金会……Pre­readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．decreaseA．鉴赏；感激；意识到2．reserve B．安全的；可靠的3．huntC．雇用；利用4．respond D．减少；变小5．containE．包含；容纳；容忍6．affectF．保护区7．appreciateG．成功；接替；继任8．succeedH．回答；响应；做出反应9．secureI．损害；危害10．incomeJ．收入11．employK．打猎；猎取；搜寻12．harmL．影响；感动；侵袭1～6____________7～12______________答案：1～6DFKHEL7～12AGBJCILead­inDoyouknowthenameoftheseendangeredanimals?Whyaretheseanimalsdyingout?Pleasematchthenameswiththeseendangeredanimals.A．polarbear B．red­crownedcraneC．goldenmonkey D．Tibetanantelope参考答案：1～4CBDATheanswermaybe:toomuchhunting;notenoughfood;environmentalpollution;notenoughlivingspace;weatherchange...While­readingFast­readingSkimthetextandcompletethefollowingquestions.1．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Itisaboutsomeprotectionofwildlife.B．Itisaboutajourneyofaflyingchair.C．ItisaboutDaisy'swonderfulexperiencewithsomeanimals.D．Itisaboutaflyingcarpet'sstory.答案：C2．Matchthemainideaofeachpart.Para.1A．Para.2 B．WhyweneedwildlifeprotectionParas.3、4CPara.1—__B__Para.2—__C__Paras.3、4—__A__Careful­reading(Ⅰ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．DaisysawanantelopelookingsadinTibet.__T__2．Antelopeswerekilledfortheskinthatistakenfromundertheirstomachs.__F__3．TheelephantsinZimbabweusedtobeprotectedwellbythefarmersinthepast.__F__4．Mosquitoesprotectthemonkeyfromamillipedeinsect.__F__(Ⅱ)Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1．AntelopesinTibetbecomeendangeredbecause________.A．theyarekilledbyotheranimalsforfoodB．theenvironmentisbadlypollutedC．peoplekillthemtousetheirfurD．theirfoodchain(食物链)iscutoff2．Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat________.A．thegovernmentofZimbabwedidagoodjobinsavingtheelephantsB．therainforestproducesdrugsthataregoodformillipedeinsectsC．theelephantsareindangerinZimbabweD．mosquitoeshelpprotectmonkeysfrommillipedeinsects3．Whatdothewords“Norainforest,noanimals,nodrugs”mean?A．Rainforestshavedisappeared.Sohaveanimalsanddrugs.B．Rainforestsareimportantfortheexistenceofanimalsanddrugs.C．Animalsshouldliveinpeaceintherainforest,ortheywon'tgetdrugs.D．Humanbeingshavedonemuchdamagetotherainforests.4．ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatnextDaisywould________.A．producethenewdrugwithWWFB．workwithWWFtohelpwildlifeC．flytootherplacestosavetheendangeredanimalsD．callonpeopletoprotecttherainforests答案：1～4CABBStudy­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．PleasetakemetoadistantlandwhereIcanfindtheanimalthatgavefurtomakethissweater.[句式分析][尝试翻译]请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。2．Theyallowedtouriststohuntonlyacertainnumberofanimalsiftheypaidthefarmers.[句式分析][尝试翻译]如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。3．YoushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether.[句式分析][尝试翻译]你应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。Ⅰ.阅读理解AIlayinthehospitalbedwithmysix­year­olddaughter,Elizabeth,holdingherinmyarms.“Mommy,willyoustaywithmethewholetime？”sheasked,lookingup.“YouknowIcan'tbeintheoperatingroom，”Isaidcarefully,notwantingtofrightenher.“ButDaddyandIwillbewaitingrightoutside.”Elizabethnodded,buthereyeslookedtroubled.ElizabethhadbrokenherrightleginJuly.Sevenmonthslater,itstillhadn'thealed(康复).Infact,ithadgottenworse.Shewashereinthehospitalforsurgery(手术)．Iwantedtotellherthateverythingwouldbeokayandpromisethatthiswouldbethelasttimeshe'dhavetogothroughthis.Butwhatifsomethingwentwrongagain?HowcouldIcomfortmydaughterwhenIneededcomfortmyself?Therewasaknockatthedoor.Anurse?Ithought.Timetosaygoodbyealready?Butthewomanwhocameinwasn'tanurse.“Hi，”thewomansaid.“I'mavolunteerhere,andI'vegotsomethingforElizabeth.”Shehandedabright­blueboxtomydaughter.Elizabethsatupandtookthebox.Sheopeneditandstartedpullingoutgoodiesonebyone—candies,stickers,alovelytoyintheshapeofastar.Shehuggedthestar,perking_upforthefirsttimesincesheenteredthehospital.“Thankyou，”shesaid.“Ilovethem.”Therewasabigsmileonherface.IthadbeensolongsinceIsawthatbigsmile.Thegiftwasagreatcomfortnotonlytomydaughter,butalsotome.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者的女儿在进手术室前有些紧张，这时一位陌生人送来一盒礼物，使女儿高兴起来。1．Whydidtheauthor'sdaughterfeelupset?A．Shewouldhavesurgeryonherarm.B．Theauthorhadnotimetoplaywithher.C．Shehadtostayinthehospitalforalongtime.D．Theauthorcouldn'tstayintheoperatingroom.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段的“‘YouknowIcan'tbeintheoperatingroom，’Isaidcarefully,notwantingtofrightenher.”可知，作者不能进入手术室，这使得女儿有些紧张。2．Whydidthewomancomein?A．Toofferagift.B．Tosaygoodbye.C．Tocomforttheauthor.D．Togetallthethingsready.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段的“I'mavolunteer...tomydaughter.”可知，这位妇女进来是为了送礼物。3．Theunderlinedpart“perkingup”means“________”．A．havingarest B．thinkingcarefullyC．doingherbest D．becomingcheerful解析：选D词义猜测题。根据下文“Therewasabigsmileonherface.”可知，女儿很高兴。所以perkup意为：愉快、活跃起来。BFouranimals—awildcat,amongoose,amouseandanowl—hadmadetheirhomeinahugetree.Themouseandthemongooselivedatthefootofthetreeintwodifferentholes.Thecatlivedinalargeholehalfwayupthetreeandtheowllivedinthebranches.Thecatfearednoneofitsneighboursandmovedabout,afraidofnothing.Theowlandthemongoosewereafraidofthecatandkeptasafedistancefromit.Themousewasextremelyafraidofallthreeneighbours.Onedaythecatwascaughtinatraplaidbyahunter.Itsthreeneighbourswatchedwithjoyasittriedextremelyhardtogetoutofthenetinwhichithadbeentrapped.Theyknewitwasahopelesstask.Soonthehunterwouldcomeandtheywouldneverseetheirenemyforever.Themouse'sjoy,however,wasshort­livedbecauseevenasitwatchedthecat,itfoundthatthemongoosewasmovingtowardsit.Lookingup,itsawthattheowltoowasgettingreadytomovedown.Themouseunderstoodthatitwasingreatdangerandthattheonlyonewhocouldsaveitwasitsenemy,thecat.Itjumpedontothenetinwhichthecatwascaughtandbeganbitingatit.Withinashorttimeithadmadeaholebigenoughforthecattocomeout.Seeingthecatcomeout,theowlandthemongooseescaped.Themouseranawaytoo.Itknewitcouldnotexpectanythanksfromthecat,butinsavingit,ithadsaveditsownlife.语篇解读：野猫吃猫头鹰和猫鼬，三者都吃老鼠。野猫是猫头鹰和猫鼬的敌人，反而成了老鼠的“朋友”，救了老鼠的命。4．Themouselivedinextremefeareverydaybecause________.A．itlivedatthefootofthetreeB．hunterssettrapseverywhereC．allitsthreeneighboursmighteatitatanytimeD．itsfoodmightbetakenawaybyitsneighbours解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句、第四段中猫鼬和猫头鹰对老鼠的虎视眈眈以及最后一段中老鼠将野猫放出来后自己也逃离了可知，这三个邻居都对老鼠有生命威胁，因此它每天都生活在极度恐慌之中。5．Whichofthefourneighbourshadthemostpowerovertheotherthree?A．Thewildcat. B．Themouse.C．Themongoose. D．Theowl.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段可知，野猫无所畏惧，四处乱逛；猫头鹰和猫鼬害怕野猫；老鼠害怕前三者。由此可知，在这四个邻居中，野猫最强势。6．Themousebitatthenettosavethecatbecause________.A．theyweregoodfriendsB．theybothhatedthehuntersC．themousewastookindtoseethecatdieD．theothertwoneighboursweretoattackit解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句可知，野猫被困住之后，猫鼬和猫头鹰没有了天敌的威胁，于是准备攻击老鼠。老鼠意识到如果没有了野猫，自己面临的威胁更大，所以才救了野猫。7．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatthemouseis________.A．kind B．braveC．clever D．stupid解析：选C推理判断题。老鼠救了猫来保全自己，但也不寄希望于猫会感谢自己，也逃跑了。由此可推知，老鼠是聪明的。CSealIslandisa200­meterlongislandinSouthAfrica,whichissurroundedby55to57degreesFahrenheitwatersandcoveredwithover60,000sealsandsomebirds.Thisislandhasbeenhometomanybirdsandseals.Youmaythinkthisislandisaparadise.Infact,theislandisnotfamousforthesealsorbirds.HoweverYoumaythinkthatthereisnowayfora15­footlong,3,000­poundsharktohurlitsbodyoutofthewaterandcatchasealinmidair.Actually,thesesharksarecalled“AirJaws”．Overtheyears,thesealshavegottensmarter.Now,theygooutingroupsofsevenandeighttofeed.Theyswimdownontheseafloor,whichgivesthemextracamouflage(掩饰).Whentheyhavetoswimnearthewatersurface,theyswiminazigzag(之字形的)pattern.Butwithallthesetricks,theycanstillbeoutwitted(以智取胜)bythesharks.Usually,thesharkswilltakeonesealawayfromitsgroupandforceittoswimonthesurface,whereitiseasytohunt.Sometimes,thesealisluckyandgetsaway,butmostofthemdieintheprocessoftryingtosurvive.Everyyear,touristsgotoseetheseamazinganimalsleapoutofthewater,sometimesflinging(抛)theirwholebodiesintotheairwhentheywanttocatchtheseals.Somepeopleevenwanttogointosharkcagestoseetheactionfrombelow!Thisisthereasonwhythisislandattractsthousandsoftouristsaroundtheworldeveryyear.语篇解读：本文是说明文。作者向我们介绍了位于南非的SealIsland。在这个岛周边的水域大白鲨常常跳出水面猎食海豹，这一景象吸引了许多游客前去观看。8．WhatprobablymakesSealIslandA．Thelargenumberofsealsinthewater.B．Thewaythegreatwhitesharkshunt.C．Thebeautifulsceneryoftheisland.D．Thespecialpositionoftheisland.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“However,therealstarsarethegreatwhitesharksthatleapoutofthewatertocatchthesealstheyarehunting.”可知，大白鲨跳出水面捕食海豹是SealIsland闻名于世的主要原因。9．Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthat________.A．whitesharksaredangerousanimalsB．thesealsareclevererthanthewhitesharksC．thesharksaresuccessfulinhuntingthesealsD．itiseasierforthesharkstohuntthesealsontheseafloor解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，几年来海豹虽然变聪明了，但它们还是难逃被大白鲨捕食的厄运，这说明大白鲨的捕食很成功。10．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．ToexplainwhySealB．Toshowhowwhitesharkshuntseals.C．ToadviseustovisitSealD．Toaskustoprotectanimals.解析：选A写作意图题。通过文章第一段以及最后一段可知，这篇文章主要向我们介绍了SealIsland世界闻名的原因。Ⅱ.阅