2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案vb

2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案Anewkindofsolarpanel,developedattheUniversityofMichigan,hasachievedhighefficiencyintransformingwaterintohydrogenandoxygen—imitatingacrucialstepinnaturalphotosynthesis（光合作用）.Theoutdoorversionoftheexperiment,withlessreliablesunlightandtemperature,achieved6.1%efficiencyatturningtheenergyfromthesunintohydrogenfuel.However,indoors,thesystemachieved9%efficiency.Butthebiggestbenefitisdrivingdownthecostofsustainablehydrogen.Thisisenabledbyreducingthesizeofthesemiconductor半导体）,typicallythemostexpensivepartofthedevice.Theteam'sself-healingsemiconductorwithstandsconcentratedlightequivalentto160suns.〃Webelievethatartificialphotosynthesisdeviceswillbemuchmoreefficientthannaturalphotosynthesis,whichwillprovideapathtowardcarbonneutrality/7saidZetianMi,U-MprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringwholedthestudyreportedinNature.Thenewtechnologyhastwoadvances.Thefirstistheabilitytoconcentratethesunlightwithoutdestroyingthesemiconductorthattrapsthelight.〃Wereducedthesizeofthesemiconductorbymorethan100timescomparedtosomesemiconductorsonlyworkingatlowlightintensity/'saidPengZhou,U-Mresearchfellowinelectricalandcomputerengineeringandfirstauthorofthestudy.〃Hydrogenproducedbyourtechnologycouldbeverycheap.〃Andthesecondisusingboththehigherenergypartofthesolarspectrum（光谱）tobreakdownwaterandthelowerpartofthespectrumtoprovideheatthatencouragesthereaction.Themagicisenabledbyasemiconductorcatalyst（催化剂）thatimprovesitselfwithuse,resistingthedegradation（降解）thatsuchcatalystsusuallyexperiencewhentheytrapsunlighttodrivechemicalreactions.Thenextchallengestheteamintendstotacklearetofurtherimprovetheefficiencyandtoachievesuperhighpurityhydrogenthatcanbedirectlyfedintofuelcells.Whatleadstothelowercostofsustainablehydrogen?Solarenergy.Smallersemiconductors.Naturalphotosynthesis.MoreconcentratedlightWhatisanadvantageofthenewtechnology?Acatalysteasilyavailable.Creativeuseofthesolarspectrum.Outstandingabilitytoreflectlight.Asemiconductorworkingatlowlightintensity.Whyarethetwoadvancesofthenewsolarpanelmentioned?Tointroduceagreenerlifestyle.Topromoteitscommercialvalue.Tostateitstechnicalbreakthrough.Toadvertisethepotentialapplication.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?.ANewTrendinWaterUsage.TheFutureofSustainableHydrogen.SolarEnergy:MoreEfficient,GreenerCheaperHydrogenThroughSolarPowerbbcDIntheendlesssky,theunaidedhumaneyeshouldbeabletoperceiveseveralthousandstarsonaclearzdarknight.Unfortunately,growinglightpollutionhasdisabledpeoplefromthenightlyview.Newcitizen-science-basedresearchthrowsalarminglightontheproblemof"skyglow”—thediffuseillumination（漫射照明）ofthenightskythatisaformoflightpollution.Thedatacamefromcrowd-sourcedobservationscollectedfromaroundtheworldaspartofGlobeatNight,aprogramdevelopedbyastronomerConnieWalker.Lightpollutionhasharmfuleffectsonthepracticeofastronomybutalsoonhumanhealthandwildlifezsinceitdisturbsthecyclefromsunlighttostarlightthatbiologicalsystemshaveevolvedalongside.Furthermore,thelossofvisiblestarsisagreatlossofhumanculturalheritage.Untilrelativelyrecentlyzhumansthroughouthistoryhadanimpressiveviewofthestarrynightsky,andtheeffectofthisnightlyspectacle（ft观）isevidentinancientcultures.GlobeatNighthasbeengatheringdataonstarvisibilitysince2006.AnyonecansubmitobservationsthroughtheGlobeatNightwebapplication.Participantsrecordwhichonebestmatcheswhattheycanseeintheskywithoutanytelescopesorotherinstruments.Researchersfindthatthelossofvisiblestarsindicatesanincreaseinskybrightnessof9.6%peryearwhileroughly2%ismeasuredbysatellites.Existingsatellitesarenotwellsuitedtomeasuringskyglowasitappearstohumans,becausetheycannotdetectwavelengthsshorterthan500nanometers（纳米）.WhiteLEDs,withshorterwavelengthsunder500nanometers,nowareincreasinglycommonlyusedinoutdoorlighting.Buthumaneyesaremoresensitivetotheseshorterwavelengthsatnighttime.Space-basedinstrumentsdonotmeasurelightfromwindows,either.Butthesesourcesaresignificantcontributorstoskyglowasseenfromtheground.HTheincreaseinskyglowoverthepastdecadeunderlinestheimportanceofredoublingoureffortsanddevelopingnewstrategiestoprotectdarkskies,11saidWalker."TheGlobeatNightdatasetisnecessaryinourongoingevaluationofchangesinskyglow,andweencouragewhoevercantogetinvolvedtohelpprotectthestarrynightsky.”.WhatisapurposeofGlobeatNight?A.Todevelopnewlightsources.B.Tocollectdataonstarvisibility.C.Tohelpastronomersexplorespace.D.Topopularizescienceamongcitizens..Whatdoesthelossofvisiblestarsleadto?A.Poorerhumanhealth.B.Fewerwildlifespecies.C.Moredelicatebiologicalsystems.D.Lessnightlycultureelementsofthesky..Whatdoestheauthorstressinparagraph5?A.Satellitesplayavitalrole.B.WhiteLEDsarewidely