UNIT70AdjectiveClauseswithObjectRelativePronounsorWhen70单元与对象关系代词或形容词子句时

UNIT70AdjectiveClauseswithObjectRelativePronounsor

WhenandWhere

GrammarExplanations

Arelativepronouncanbetheobjectofanadjectiveclause.Noticethat:

Theobjectrelativepronouncomesatthebeginningoftheadjectiveclause.

Objectrelativepronounshavethesameformwhethertheyrefertosingularorpluralnounsortomasculineorfemininenouns.

Theverbintheadjectiveclauseagreeswiththesubjectoftheadjective

clause.

BeCareful!Donotusebothanobjectrelativepronounandanobjectpronoun(me,you,him,her,it,us,them)inthesameadjectiveclause.

NOTE.Objectrelativepronounsareoftenleftout.

Examples.

Evaisawriter.+IsawheronTV.=

Eva,who(m)IsawonTV,isawriter.

That’sthemanwho(m)Imet.

That’sthewomanwho(m)Imet.

Thosearethepeoplewho(m)Imet.

Ilikethecolumnswhichhewrites.

Ilikethecolumnwhichtheywrite.

SheisthewriterwhoIsawonTV.

NOTSheisthewriterwhoIsawheronTV.

SheisthewriterIsawonTV.

Objectrelativepronounsare:

whom,who,orthatforpeopleUsagenote:Whomisveryformal.Thatislessformalthanwho.

Leavingoutthepronounistheleastformal.

whichorthatforthings

Usagenote:Thatislessformalthanwhich.

whose+nounforpeople’spossessionsExamples

She’sthewriterwhomImet.She’sthewriterwhoImet.She’sthewriterthatImet.She’sthewriterImet.

Ireadthebookwhichshewrote.Ireadthebookthatshewrote.

Ireadthebookshewrote.

That’stheauthorwhosebookIread.

Arelativepronouncanbetheobjectofapreposition.

Usagenote:Ininformalspeakingandwriting,weputtheprepositionattheendoftheclause,andweoftenleaveouttherelativepronoun.InformalEnglish,weputtheprepositionatthebeginningoftheclause.Inthiscase,weuseonlywhomandwhich(notwhoorthat).

Examples

He’sthewriter.+Iworkforhim.=He’sthewriterthatIworkfor.He’sthewriterIworkfor.

He’sthewriterforwhomIwork.

That’sthebookaboutwhichItoldyou.

Whereandwhencanalsobeusedtointroduceadjectiveclauses:

Wherereferstoaplace.

Whenorthatreferstoatime.

Examples

That’sthelibrary.+Sheworksthere.=

That’sthelibrarywheresheworks.

Iremembertheday.+Imethimthen.=

IrememberthedaywhenImethim.

IrememberthedaythatImethim.

IDENTIFY.Readthispartofabookreview.Underlinealltheadjectiveclauseswithobjectrelativepronouns.Circletheobjectrelativepronouns,

when,orwhere.Thendrawalinefromthecircledwordtothenounitrefersto.

LostinTranslation:ALifeinaNewLanguage

Attheageofnine,EvaHoffmanleftPolandwithherfamily.Shewaslosing:Cracow,acitythatshelovedasonelovesaperson,thesun-bakedvillageswheretheyhadtakensummervacations,andtheconversationsandescapadeswithherfriends.Disconnectedfromacitywherelifewaslivedintensely,herfatherwouldbecomeoverwhelmedbythetransitiontoCanada.EvawouldlosetheparentwhomshehadwatchedinlivelyconversationwithfriendsinCracowcafes.Andnothingcouldreplaceherfriendshipwiththeboywhosehomeshevisiteddailyandwhomsheassumedshewouldsomedaymarry.Worstofall,however,shewouldmissherlanguage.Foryears,shewouldfeelnoconnectiontotheEnglishnameofanythingthatshefeltwasimportant.LostinTranslation:ALifeinaNewLanguage(NewYork:Penguin,1989)tellhowEvacametotermswithhernewidentityandlanguage.It’sastorythatreaderswillfindfascinatingandmoving.

COMPLETE.Aschoolnewspaper,theGroverBugle(GB),interviewedastudent,ManiyaSuarez(MS).Completetheinterviewwithrelativepronouns,when,orwhere,andthecorrectformoftheverbsinparentheses.TheGroverBugle

GB:ManiyaSuarezisastudent1.manyofyoualready2.(know).

Maniya,whydidyourfamilysettleinAtlanta?

MS:Thecousin3.we4.(stay)withatfirstliveshere.That’sthe

reasonwechoseAtlanta.

GB:WhatwasthemostdifficultthingaboutgoingtoschoolintheU.S.?

MS:Theclassin5.I6.(have)thebiggestproblemsatfirstwasEnglish.

Itwashardtosaythethings7.I8.(want)to.

GB:Whatisthebiggestchange9.you10.(experience)sofar?

MS:Weusedtoliveinahouse11.there12.(be)alwaysalotofpeople.

HereIlivewithmyparentsandtwoyoungersisters13.I14.takecareofafterschool.Igetalittlelonelysometimes.

COMBINE.Readeachpairofsentences.Usearelativepronoun,when,or

wheretocombinethemintoonesentence.

That’sthehouse.IgrewupinthehousewithmysisterEmilia.

Thehousewasbeautiful.Welivedinthehouse.

EmiliaandIsharedaroom.Wespentnightstalkingthere.

Acrossthehall,Ihadagoodfriend.Iwenttoschoolwithher.

Itookpianolessonsfromawoman.Imetherinthebakery.

Irememberonesummer.Thewholefamilywenttothelakethen.

Thoseweregoodtimes.I’llalwaysmissthem.

EDIT.Readthisstuden’sessay.Findandcorrectninemistakesintheuseofadjectiveclauseswithobjectrelativepronouns.Thefirstmistakeisalreadycorrected.

TaiDongisthesmallcityinsoutheasternTaiwanwhereIgrewup.MyfamilymovedtherefromTaipeithesummerwhenIwasborn.ThehouseinwhichIgrewupinisonamainstreetinTaiDong.Myfathersoldtea,andmymotherhadafoodstandinoutfrontcourtyardwhereshesoldomeletsearlyinthemorning.AcustomerwhoIalwayschattedwithhimhadasonmyage.Wewerebestfriends.AcousinwhohisfamilyIvisitedeverysummerlivedwithus.Hewasanapprenticewhichmyfatherwasteachingtheteabusinessto.Onthefirstfloorofourhousewehada