高考英语专题复习课件虚拟语气(50张ppt)

虚拟语气(TheSubjunctiveMood)what

types

exerciseWhatisTheSubjunctiveMood?(虚拟语气)表示用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气不太顾及事实，它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气。Iwishyouweremorecareful.但愿你更细心一些。

IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyabiggerapartment.我要是有再多一点钱，我就买一套更大一些房子。

Wouldyoumindshuttingthedoor?劳驾您把门关上。分类

一.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用二.虚拟语气在状语从句（if条件句）中的使用（

一.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用名词性从句包括：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句名词性从句Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussionbeputoff.我们都赞成你提出的将讨论延期的建议。Thesuggestionthatthemayorpresenttheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.由市长颁发奖金的建议被每个人接受。

OursuggestionisthatweshouldputonaplayattheEnglishevening.我们建议在英语晚会上演一出剧。

1.虚拟语气在表语或同位语从句中的使用虚拟语气用在表语从句或同位语从句中当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should+动词原形或直接用动词原形

这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation,aim,wish,

necessity,preference,plan，idea，resolution等。完成句子1.AnyproposalsthatJohn______

mustberesisted.(dismiss)必须抵制任何开除JOHN的提议。2.Hisideathatwe_____upthematterwithaspecialboardisfairlyresonable.(take)他建议我们以一个专门委员会处理这件事，这的确有道理。

2.虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用在主语从句中的应用Itis/was+形容词/过去分词（标志词）+that+主语+should+加动词原形，should可省略，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等

这些标志词有：suggested,ordered,required,proposed,demanded,requested,insisted,important,necessary,natural,imperative,strange,apity,ashame,nowonder,essential,advisable,

mandatory,better,obligatory,vital,compulsory,crucial,fitting,best,appropriate,recommended.

Itwasrequestedthattheplay____again.A.shouldputonB.wouldputonCbeputon

D.putonItisvitalthatwe____ameetingtodiscussthisproblem.A.holdB.heldC.haveheldD.hadheld

Itisnecessarythathe____intimetoattendthemeeting.A.comeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.needcomeWehavebeensittingdoingnothingaboutitfordays.Itistimewe____theproblem。A.shookhandswithB.gottobrasstackswithC.gottosolveD.reachedthebottomof3.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用

标志词如order,command,request,require,insist,demand,advise,suggest,propose,recommend

建议，请求或者命令某人......表现出说话人的主观因素比较多,多用虚拟语气。3.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用结构should(可省)+V原形should(可省)not+V原形谨记：时态人称不用顾，省略shuld还用doMike’sfather,aswellashismother,insistedhe____home.A.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.staySheinsistedthatadoctor_____immediately.A.hadsentforB.sendC.besentforD.wassent

The

chairman

insisted

that

we

____the

question

again.A.willdiscuss

B.todiscussC.shoulddiscuss

D.willbediscussedHerequestedthatthestudents____themgetincrops.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpedD.helping.

Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_____therules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobeyThejudgeorderedthethief____punished.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.wastobeD.mustbe

Mother

suggested

that

I

___my

homework

first

before

watching

TV.A.didB.doC.shalldoD.havedoneTheteacherdemandedthattheexam_____beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished

3.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用2Iwishshewerehere.Iwishyouwouldgowithustomorrow.Iwishshehadtakenmyadvice.wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气与现在事实相反,用were或动词的一般过去式;与过去事实相反,用had+过去分词;表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用would/could/might+动词原形,后的从句不能用should二.虚拟语气在状语从句（if条件句）中的使用if从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反V过去式（be动词用were）

would/should/could/might+V原形与过去事实相反had+V过去分词would/should/could/might+V原形与将来事实相反V过去式（be动词用were）would/should/could/might+have+V过去分词should+V原形wereto+V原形二.虚拟语气在状语从句（if条件句）中的使用与现在事实相反的假设用一般过去时(be用were)，主句用Would/should/could/might/oughtto+动词原形与现在事实相反1.Iftheywerehere,theywould

helpyou.

2.Ifwehadenoughmoney,wewould

buyacomputer.

3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'tdoit.完成句子:It____beoddifshe_____awardedthefirstprize.

虚拟语气在状语从句（if条件句）中的使用与过去事实相反的假设用过去完成时had+V过去分词主句用Should/would/could/might+have+V过去分词与过去事实相反1.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishouldhavetoldhimaboutit.

2.IfIhadbeeninherpositionI'dhave

quit.

3.Iftheweatherhadn'tbeensobad,wemighthavegoneout.

与过去事实相反选择题1.I

did

not

see

your

sister

at

the

meeting.

If

she

____,

she

would

have

met

my

brother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.hadcomeD.came完成句子:2.Ifhe_____then,youshould________sotoo.(apologize,do)

3.Ishouldnever_____itifI______sohardatthattime.(do,be)

虚拟语气在状语从句（if条件句）中的使用与将来不大可能发生的事情的假想用一般过去时或者were+不定式，主句用would/should/could/might/oughtto+动词原形

对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想1.Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.

2.Iftheyinvitedme,Iwouldcertainlyattendit.

完成句子3.Ifhe____(go),wouldyougotoo?对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想将来不大可能发生的事情的假想用一般过去时或者were+不定式eg.Ifshewereto

loseherplace,theywouldberuined.完成句子Ifyou____(speak)tohim,itwouldcarrymoreweight.

高考例题

IfI_____itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn’thavebelievedit.(2015北京卷)A.didn’tseeB.weren’tseeingC.wouldn’tseeD.hadn’tseen高考例题Ifwe______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.(2012山东卷）

A.haven’tmadeB.souldn’tmakeC.didn’tmakeD.hadn’tmade虚拟语气的特殊用法1虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主语前,用到装结构,这种结构主要用于书面语中.特殊用法1Wereitnecessary,Imightresign.Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldnothavesignedthecontract.ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldcallonher.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheSummerPalace.虚拟语气的特殊用法2

错综时间条件句在这种条件句中,虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致,因此,主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式,特殊用法2IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.(现在---过去)Iftheyhadstartedintheearlymorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour.(过去---将来)Ifyouhadaskedhimwhenyousawhimlasttime,youwouldknowwhattodonow.(过去---现在)虚拟语气的特殊用法3含蓄条件句有些句子中,没有任何表示虚拟语气的词,短语或从句,但仍要用虚拟语气.这时,要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分,要么隐含在上下文之中.特殊用法3Iwoulddoanythingforher.(ifIcould)Wewouldhavemadealotofmoney.(butwegaveuphalfway)

Withoutelectricitylifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.(Iftherewerenoelectricity)虚拟语气的特殊用法4用介词代替条件状语从句,常见的介词有with,without,butforWhatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars(ifyouhadamilliondollars?)虚拟语气的特殊用法5在含有ifitwerenotfor或ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气中。Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddie.Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.虚拟语气的特殊用法6用于ifonly引导的感叹句中IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!虚拟语气的特殊用法7Ifonlyshehadknownwheretofindyou!IfonlyIcouldspeakseveralfore