英汉汉英经典翻译

thttht课程名称：翻理论与践本三级二期英英互选内主教苗．aDigitalEmilyFeldanativeofanewplanet.Whilethe20-year-olduniversityliveinLondon,muchofhertimeinanotheroutinthedigitalofwebsites,e-mails,textandmobilecalls.ThebehaviourofFeldandhergeneration,sayisshapedbydigitalasbefore,herboldlybefore.Itevenbetheevolution,transformingwaywethink.“Onewenttomeetfriendintown,andwasaboutminutesrealisedI’dleftmymobileatIfivemilesbacktocollectit.Ifeltsocompletelylostwithoutit,panicked.toitonmealltimes...”That'swhata“digitalnative”,oneneverknownaworldwithoutinstantcommunication.．泼节泼水节是傣族的年节。按照傣历，它在清明节后四月十三日至十五日之间。泼水是傣族年节的主要喜庆活动们相互泼水表示洗去身上一年的污尘祝福新的一年幸福平安。泼水有文泼和武泼之分。文泼是对长者的，舀起一勺净水，说着祝福的话，拉开对方的衣领水着脊梁下去泼人高兴地接受祝福泼则没有固定的形式，用瓢、用盆、用桶都可以，互相追逐，迎头盖脸地泼。被人泼的水越多，说明受到的祝福越多，被泼的人也越高兴。TheTheWater-splashingDayistheNewYearFestivaltheDainationality.AccordingtheDai’scalendar,itcomesafterthesomedaybetweenApril13April.SplashingwateristheactivitytheNewYearFestivaltheDainationality.wateragainstonetowashawaywholeyearmisfortuneandtowishforhealthandsafetyintheNewYear.ThereareofOneisgentlesplashing,whileotherisfreesplashing.Gentleparticularlytheelderly.Withbestwishes,peoplealadleofcleanwaterandopentheelder’scollartoletthewaterrundowntheback.The

elderlyissplashedtheblessingshappily.Whereasfreehasnofixedform,thatanytoolsuchasladle,basinandaretochaseafteroneanotherandwateragainstfreely.Ifsplashedwithmorewater,onealltheforitreceivingMNEThemultinational(MNE),whichalsomultinational(MNC),isactorsincontemporaryarenowdecisiveinshapingoftrade,investment,technologyamongmultinationalenterprisehasimportantittounderstandworldwithoutanappreciationofmultinationalproducers,investors,ascale.Nationalmusttakethisforceseriouslybecauseofonbalanceofpayments.Moreover,manyviewthemultinationalenterprisesasarepresentinganintrusionintodomainacompanywhichcontrolledbyaheadquartersininwhichhomecountryofofthethemultinationalenterprisecomegrowingattackbyandprotectionistwhoitwithjobsandtomultinationalemergedfromworldthethcentury,multinationalasweknowittodayanunprecedentedduringtheand1960s.Atthattime,inandliberalizationanditpossibleformultinationaloperateaglobal跨国企业也跨国公司是今国际舞台上的主要角色之一们的世界性经营活动已经成为各国之间贸易资和技术流动格局的决定力量国企业体系在世界经济中的地位日益重要不认识跨国企业在全球范围内发挥的生产者商创新者的作用，就无法理解世界经济。各国政府也必须认真对待这股力量，因为它对各国的生产、易和国际收支的影响十分巨大且许多国家的政府把跨国企业视为一种政治威胁现的是受设在别国总部控制的公司对自己国土的入侵至在美国有半以上世界上最大

的跨国企业的国家国企业也受到劳工组织和其他保护主义团体日益增加的攻击责们输出就业机会和技术，危害了美国经济。19世后期，跨国企业就已经出现在世界经济舞台上。但是我们今天所了解的跨国企业却是在本世纪50年和60年以前所未有的速度发展起来的。在5060年代通讯和交通奇迹般的改善际贸易和支付的大规模自由化得跨国企业能够在全球范围内从事经营活动。我能天人(侯宝林还是从火车上说起吧！大约在我四岁多的时候，我坐过火车带坐车的人是的舅舅，叫张全斌。我记得那时我的打扮挺滑稽的，穿着蓝布大褂、小坎肩，戴瓜皮小帽。那时候，小孩子打扮成那个样子，够不错了。在我的童年中，也就只有过这么一次。在火车上，因为小，没坐过火车，也很少见过家里以外的人，觉得挺新鲜。也许人在幼年时代终归想要些温暖吧！那时舅舅抱着我，哄着我，我觉得很温暖。一路上吃了半斤炒栗子，睡了一会儿觉，就到了北京。根据这个情况，现在估计起来，我可能是从天津来的。我现在对我原来的父母还有个模糊不清的印象，父亲亲形象还能回忆起一点儿，但很模糊。究竟家里姓什么？哪里人？不知道只知道自己的生日和乳名日是自己长大以后听家里大人说的是农历十月十五酉时生人以的乳名酉京人爱用儿化韵面个小，后面加“儿”，就叫“小酉儿”。关于我个人的历史情况，我就知道这一些，再多一点都记不起来了。mighthavecomefromTianjin.BaolinLetmebeginwithmytriponthetrain.WhenIaboutfouryearsoldIhadtraveledbytrain.ThemanItraveledwithwasmyuncleZhangQuanbin.IstillrememberhowfunnyIlookedthewayIwasinclothgownwithashortsleevelessjacketoveritandaskullcaponhead.Inthosedaysitwasgoodenoughforsmallkidstobedressedlikethat.However,wasmyonlyexperiencetoboastaboutmychildhood.AsIhadnevertraveledbytrainormetanyoneoutsidemyfamilybefore,Ifelteverythingonthetrainwasnewtome.Probablyinchildhood,oneneedssomecomfort.Sittinginmyuncle’slap,beinghumoredalltheIwasvery

Weatehalfajinofroastchestnut,hadanapandarrivedinBeijing.WiththehintsmentionedaboveIassumeImighthavecomefromTianjin.EventodayIcanrecollectwhatmyownparentslookedlikebut,ofimpressionisblurry.Asforwhatmyfamilynamewheremyparentscamefrom,tknow.Ionlyrememberthatmybirthdaybymyfoster-parentswhenIgrewup.wasborninthe“youperiod(between5-7p.m.),15ofthe10thlunarmonth.SoIwasnamedYou.PrefixedwithXiao-young,andsuffixedwithadiminutiveintimateofaddressingyoungandsmallthingsbyBeijingers,myname,therefore,becameXiaoYour.isallIknowaboutmychildhoodandbeyondthatdonotremembermuchelse.．TheDifferencebetweenaBrainandaComputerIsaacAsimovThedifferencebetweenabrainandcanbeexpressedinasingleword:complexity.Thelargemammalianbrainisthemostcomplicatedthing,foritssize,knowntous.Thehumanbrainweighsthreepounds,butinthatthreepoundsaretenbillionneuronsandahundredbillionsmallercells.Thesemanyofcellsareinterconnectedinavastlycomplicatednetworkthatwecanbegintounravelasyet.Eventhemostcomplicatedcomputermanhasyetbuiltcantcompareinintricacywiththebrain.Computerswitchesandcomponentsnumberinthethousandsratherthaninthebillions.What’more,theswitchisjustanon2off,whereasthebraincellisitselfpossessedofatremendouslystructure.Canacomputerdependsonyoumean”solvingmathematicalproblemis“thinking”acomputercan“think”dosomuchfasterthanaman.Ofcourse,mostmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedquitemechanicallybyrepeatingcertainstraightprocessesoverandoveragain.Eventhesimplecomputersoftodaycanbegearedforthat.Itisfrequentlysaidthatcomputerssolvebecausetheyare“programmed”todoso.canonlydowhatmenhavethemdo.Oneremember

thathumanbeingsalsodo“programmed”do.Ourgenes“program”theinstantfertilizedovumis,andourpotentialitiesarelimitedbythat“”Our“program”issoenormously,though,thatwemightliketo“thinking”termsofthecreativitythatgoesintowritingagreatplayorcomposingagreatsymphonyinconceivingabrilliantscientifictheoryoraprofoundethicaljudgment.Inthatsense,computerscertainlythinkandneithercanmosthumans.Surely,though,ifacomputercanbemadecomplexenough,canbeascreativeaswe.Ifitcouldbemadeascomplexasahumanitcouldbetheequivalentofahumanbrainanddowhateverahumanbraincando.TosupposeanythingelseistothatthereistothehumanbrainthanthethatcomposesThebrainismadeupofcellsinacertainarrangementandthecellsaremadeupofatomsmoleculescertainarrangements.Ifanythingelseisthere,nosignsofitdetected.Toduplicatethematerialcomplexityofthebrainisthereforetoduplicateeverythingaboutit.Buthowlongwilltaketobuildacomputercomplexenoughduplicatethehumanbrain?Perhapsnotaslongassomebeforeapproachacomputerascomplexasourbrain,wewillperhapsbuildacomputerthatisatleastcomplexenoughtodesignanothercomputermorecomplexthanitself.Thismorecomplexcoulddesignonestillmorecomplexandsoonandsoonandsoon.•Inotherwords,oncewepasscertaincriticalpoint,thecomputerstakeoverandthere“complexityexplosion”Inaveryshorttimethereafter,computersmayexistthatnotonlyduplicatethehumanbrainbutfarsurpassit.Thenwhat?Well,mankindisnotdoingaverygoodjobofrunningearthrightnow.Maybe,whentheweoughttostepandhandoverthejobtosomeonewhocandoitbetter.Andifwestepaside,perhapsSupercomputerwillsimplymoveinandpushus电脑与人脑的差异[美]艾萨克·阿西莫夫

孙致礼译注电脑与人脑的差,可以用一个眼来概括复杂性。大型哺乳动物的大脑就其体积而,是我们所知晓的最复杂的机体。人脑只有三,但就在这三磅物质,却包含着一亿个神经细,以及一千亿个更小的细胞上亿千亿的细胞相互联,形成一个无复杂的网人类迄今还无法解开这其中的奥秘。即便人类现今研制出的最复杂的电,其复杂程度也无法与人脑相比。电脑的转换器和元件只是成千上,而不是上百、上千亿。更重要的电脑的转换器仅是一种开关装置,而人脑细胞本身却有着极其复杂的内部结构。电脑能思考?这取于你如何理解“思考”的含义。如果解一道数学题可算“思考”的话,那么电脑也能“思考,而速度比人快得多。当大多数数学题只需通过十分机械地不断重复某种简单的过,就得到解决。如即使简单的电脑也能胜任这一工作。人们常说,电脑之所以能解决问,只因为它们给输入了解决问题程它只能做人让它们做的事。我们应该记,类同样也只能按照“程序”办事。受精卵一形,基因就给我们编好了“程序”,们的潜能也就要受到这个“程序”的限制。不过,我们的“程序”要复杂得因我们更喜欢用创造力来界定“思考”的意义。有了这种创造,就能写出伟大的剧创作不朽的乐,提出卓越的科学理论,创立深奥的伦理观点。从这个意义上讲,电脑然不能思人类的大多数也做不到。可是,如果能把电脑造得足够复杂的,那它一定能像人一样富于创造力电脑能像人脑那样复,它就能与人脑旗鼓相完人脑所能做的一切。如果还要设想什么的,那就设想人脑除了构成它的物质之还有什么别的奥秘是由细胞按一定的方式组合而成而脑细胞又是由原子和分子按一定的方式组合而成的。假如真有别的奥秘存,我们可从未发现任何迹象。因,制出人脑复杂的物质结构,也复制出了它的一切。但是,研制一台复杂程度与人脑相当的电脑需要多长时间也许不像有些人想象的那么长在我们研制出和人脑一复杂的电脑之,们也许能造出这样一台电脑,其复杂程度至少能使它设计出一台比它更复杂的电脑更杂的电脑又能设计出一台更更复杂的电脑,以此类推，一代代地研制去。也就是说,一旦我们过了某个临电脑就会取得主宰地,出现一杂爆炸此后用不了多久就出现这样的电,它不仅能跟人脑相匹敌———而且会远远胜过人脑。

到那时会怎么样呢?唉反人现在也没有做好管理地球的工作到那时,我们真该豁达大度地让到一边,把工交给更为称职的去做我们不主动让位也许超级电脑就会老实不客气地闯进来,把我推到一边。．黎前北天气一天比一天寒冷。北海公园的湖上已结了厚厚的冰层，马路两旁树木上的叶子已经落尽，只有光秃秃的树枝在寒风中瑟瑟颤抖着。北平已被强大的人民解放军包围，城门紧闭，粮食、蔬菜、鱼肉都运不进来。我们吃着早已准备的酱萝卜，有时也用黄豆泡豆芽。时不时可以听见解放军的炮声。但是北平城内还有着数量庞大的国民党军队，虽然已如瓮中之鳖但如果负隅顽抗仍将给人民的生命财产造成巨大的损失去何从？急待抉择。当时，统帅这批军队的傅作义将军在无可奈何的情况下，邀请了北平的一些学者名流，征询意见。会场设在中南海内，空气异常严肃紧张。傅作义将军作了简短的致词，表示愿意虚心听取大家的意见。墙上的挂钟“滴答滴答”地响着，很长时间没有人发言。大家只是用疑虑的眼光互相探询着，担心如果发言要求和平解放北平，会带来很大的风险。最后，沉默的空气还是被打破了。许多人纷纷发言，热烈希望傅作义将军以北平人民的安全和保护故都文化胜迹为重量争取早日和平解放北平作将军一直耐心而认真地听着大家的发言。最后，他站起来，表示感谢大家直言不讳。会后人奔走相告感到北平平解放的希望越来越大漫长的黑夜终于即将过去。PeipingbyZhangPeijiItwasgettingcolderwitheachday.TheinBeihaiParkwascoveredwithathicklayerofice.Theroadsidetreeshadbeenstrippedoftheirfoliage,leavingtheirbarebranchesandtwigsshiveringinbitingwind.PeipinghadbeenbesiegedbypowerfulPLAforces.Thecitygatesweretightandsuppliesofgrain,vegetables,fishmeatwerecutoff.Wehadtomakedowiththepickledturnipswehadlaidinlongbeforehandandsometimesatehome-grownsoybeansproutsinstead.

NowandthenthePLAartillerywasheardboomingwhileentrenchedinsidethecitywereanenormousnumberofKuomintangThoughbottledupliketurtlesinajar,theycouldneverthelesscauseatremendouslossoflifepropertytolocalinhabitantsshouldtheyputalast-ditchresistance.Tosurrenderornottosurrender—wasthequestionawaitingpromptbyGeneralFuZuoyi,thenincommandoftheKMTFacedwithdilemma,thegeneralwasobligedtocallinsomelocalscholarsandcelebritiesforconsultation.TheymetZhongnanhaianextremelysolemnandtenseatmosphere.GeneralFumadeabriefopeninginwhichexpressedhiswillingnesstowithopenmindtoopinions.Thereupon,allwasquietexceptforthetick-tockoftheclockonthewall.Foralongthewholegatheringkeptsilentandquestioninglyfromonetoanotherwitheyesfullofmisgivings.TheywereafraidthattheycouldgetthemselvesintogreattroublespeakinginfavourofthepeacefulliberationofPeiping.Atlonglast,however,silencewasbrokenwhenmanybegantospeakoneafteranothertourgetheGeneralfirstpriorityprotectingthelocalpeopleandtheculturalrelicsofthecapital,andthereforedoeverythinghecouldtoensurepeacefulsolutionasaspossible.TheGeneral,whohadbeenlisteningwithpatienceandattention,finallyrosetohisfeettothankeverybodyforspeakingtheirmindsplainly.Afterthemeeting,peoplelostnotimeinspreadingthegoodnews,feelingmoreandmorehopefulofthepeacefulliberationofPeipingandthefinalspeedyconclusionofthelongdarknight.．TheThreeNewYorksElwynBrooksWhiteThereareroughlythreeNewYorks.Thereis,first,theNewofthemanorwomanwhowasbornhere,whotakestheforgrantedandacceptsanditsturbulenceasnaturalandinevitable.Second,thereistheNewYorkofthecommuter--thecitythatisdevouredbylocustseachdayandouteach

Third,thereistheNewYorkofthepersonwhowasbornsomewhereandcametoNewYorkinquestofsomething.Ofthesethreetremblingcitiesthegreatestisthelast--thecityoffinaldestination,thecitythatisagoal.ItisthisthirdcitythatforNewYork'shigh-strungdisposition,itspoeticaldeportment,itsdedicationtothearts,anditsincomparableachievements.Commutersgivethecityitstidalrestlessness;nativesgiveitsolidityandcontinuity;butsettlersgiveitpassion.AnditisfarmerarrivingfromItalytosetupasmallgrocerystoreinaslum,orayounggirlarrivingfromasmalltowninMississippitoescapetheindignityofbeingobservedbyherneighbors,aboyarrivingfromtheCornBeltwithamanuscriptinhisandinhisheart,itmakesnodifference:eachembracesNewwiththeIntenseexcitementfirstlove,eachabsorbsNewYorkwithfresheyesofanadventurer,eachgeneratesheatandlighttodwarftheConsolidatedEdisonCompany.ThecommuteristhequeerestofTheheinhabitshasnoessentialvitalityofitsownandisamereroostwherehecomesatday'sendtogotoExceptinrarecases,themanlivesinMamaroneckorLittleNeckorTeaneck,andworksinNewYork,discoversmuchaboutthecityexceptthetimeofarrivalanddepartureoftrainsandbuses,toaquickHeisdesk-bound,andhasnever,idlyroaminginthegloaming,stumbledonBelvedereTowerinthepark,seenrampartsrisesheerfromthewaterofthepond,andtheboysalongtheshorefishingforminnows,girlsstretchedoutnegligentlyontheshelvesoftherocks;hehasnevercomesuddenlyonanythingatallinNewYorkasaloiterer,becausehehadnotimebetweentrains.HehasfishedinManhattan'swalletdugcoins,hasneverlistenedtoManhattan'sbreathing,neverawakenedtoitsmorning,neverdroppedofftosleepinitsnight.About400,000menandwomencomechargingontotheIslandeachweek-daymorning,outofthemouthsoftubesandtunnels.NotmanyamongthemhaveeverspentadrowsyafternooninthegreatrustlingoakensilenceofthereadingroomofPublicLibrary,withthebookelevator(likeanoldwateroutbooksontotheTheytendtheirfurnacesinWestchesterandinJersey,buthaveneverthefurnacesof

theBowery,theonwinternights.TheymayinthefinancialdistrictandseeextravagantofRockefellerCenter--thedaffodilsandgrapehyacinthsandoftheflagstrimmedwindonafinemorningintheymayworkinaofficeandmayletawholeyearswingwithoutsightingGovernor'sIslandfromseaThecommuterdiestremendousmileagetohiscredit,butheisnorover.Hisentrancesandexitsdeviousthanaprairie-dogandhecalmlybridgeisburiedinthemudtheoftheEastRiver.TheLongcarriedmillioncommuterslastyear;butmanyoffellowretracinghisTheterrainofNewYorkisasometimestravelsintheend,acommuter.journeytheIrvingBerlinfromCherryStreetinthelowerEastSideuptownwasanalleyandwasonlythreeorinitwasthreearoundthe.三个纽约埃尔.鲁克.怀特孙致礼译大致说来三约先是些土生土长的男男女女的纽约们座城市习以为常，认为它有这样的规模和喧，乃是自然而然、不可避免的。其次是家住郊区、乘公交车到市内上班的人们的纽约－－座城市每到白天就被如蝗的人群吞噬进去又吐出来。第三是外来人的纽约于他乡，到纽约来寻求机缘。在这三座充满骚动的城市中了不起的是最后一座－那座被视为最终归宿的城市为目标的城市是由于这第三座城市纽才有了张的秉性人气质、对艺术的执着追求、无与伦比的成就。上班族给纽约带来了潮汐时涨时落的骚动，当地人保证了纽约的稳固和持续发展，而外来人则赋予纽约以激情从意大利来到贫民窟开小杂货店的农夫从密西西比州某小镇跑出来躲避邻居的淫目光的年轻姑娘米地带满怀酸楚地拎着手稿跑来的小伙子况没有什么两个都着恋激拥约个都是以冒险家的新奇目光审视纽约，每个人发出的光和热，足以令爱迪生联合电气公司相形见绌。上班族是天下最怪异的人住的郊区没有自身的勃勃生机是们晚上回来睡觉的栖息所。那些住在马马罗克、利特尔内克、蒂内克，到纽约上班的人，除个别情况

外，对这座城市了无所知，只晓得火车汽车到站离站的时间餐的路径。这些人整日伏案工作从没有闲暇徜徉在色之中外地走到公园里的观景塔跟前见中突兀而起的防护堤沿湖边钓米诺的男孩大咧咧地舒展着身子躺在石台上的女孩们从未在纽约游游逛逛偶然遇见什么们从下火车到再上火车间没有闲工夫的。他们把手伸到曼哈顿的钱包里捞钱到几个微不足道的小钱却未聆听过曼哈顿的鼻息在来时见到曼哈顿的早晨未在曼哈顿的夜幕中入睡过工日的早晨，大约有40万男女女走出地道、隧道口，涌上曼哈顿岛。他们之中没有多少人跑到公共图书馆沉寂得只能听到沙沙声的阅览室洋地度过一个下午看着图书传送机像旧水轮一样将吐在书盘里他们在斯特切斯特和泽西烧火炉从未见过鲍厄里街在气温降至零度的冬夜用油桶烧火取暖们能在市中心的金融区工作从未见过洛克菲勒中心那枝繁叶茂的花木－－春光明媚早晨黄水仙风子和鸢尾花，齐崭崭地迎风摇曳。他们的办公地点可能位于商业区和居住区之间一到头也没从海堤上眺望过加弗纳斯岛。上班族一生中有惊人的行程是从未东游西逛过们进进出出的地方比草原犬鼠的地洞群还要曲曲弯弯。即使火车陷进东河底的淤泥中，他们也会若无其事地只管打桥牌。去年，仅长岛铁路就运载了4千上班族，只不过许多人是反反复复往返乘车罢了。纽约的地形比较特别，有时住在城里的人最终走的路可能比上班族还要远。作曲家欧文·柏林是通过一条小巷，从下东区来到住宅区公寓，原本只有三四英里路程，却好像绕着地球走了三圈。．书籍孙我同书籍，即将分离。我虽非英雄，颇有垓下之感，即无可奈何。这些书，都是在全国解放以后，来到我家的。最初零零碎碎，中间成套成批。有的来自京沪，有的来自苏杭。最初，囊中羞涩，也曾交臂相失。中间也曾一掷百金，稍有豪气。总之，时历三十余年，我同他们，可称故旧。十年浩劫，我自顾不暇，无心也无力顾及它们。但它们辗转多处，经受折磨、潮湿、践踏、撞破，终于还是回来了。失去了一些，我有些惋惜，但也不愿去寻觅它们，因为我失去的东西，比起它们，更多也更重要。它们回到寒舍以后，我对它们的情感如故。书无分大小、贵贱、古今、新旧，只要是我想保存的，因之也同我共过患难的，一视同仁。洗尘，安置，抚慰，唏嘘，它们大概是已经

体味到了。近几年，又为它们添加了一些新伙伴。这些新书，进入我的书架，我不再打印章，写名字，只是给它们包裹一层新装，记下到此的岁月。这是因为，我意识到，我不久就会同它们告别了。我的命运是注定了的。但们各自的命运，我是不能预知，也不能担保的。BooksByTranslatedSoonI,llpartwithmybooks;haveto,thewaytheancientheroXiangYupartedwithhisfavoriteladyYuJiatThebookshadatmyhomesince1949,theyearthecountrywasliberated(fromKMTrule).Atfirsttheycamepiecemealand,later,setorinbulk,somefromBeijingandShanghai,somefromSuzhouandHangzhou.Duringthefirstfewyears,asIwasfinanciallyembarrassed,sometimesIhadtoturnfromthebooksthatIwouldhavelikedtogiveeverythinginexchangefor.However,therewereoccasionsonwhichIthrewmymoneyonbookswithquitesenseoflavishgenerosity.Inhavingkepteachothercompanyforoveryears,lifelongintimacywithDuringyearsofthedisastrous“culturalrevolution”Iinmoodto,norwasIfitenoughtobotheraboutmybooks,wasnotevenwhereImyselfwouldendup.But,havingbeentakenfromplacetogettingmoistenedanddamaged,torturedandtrampledunderfoot,theyeventuallyhadcomebacktome.Someofthemhadgotlost,whichIwasreallysorry,butIthoughtwouldnotgoandretrievethem,forIhadhadtointhoseyearswhatIhadotherthanthebooksfarmoreimportant.AftertheirreturnhomeIfeltaboutthemwiththesameaffectionasIdidearlier.Itreatedthemalike,whethertheywerebigorsmall,oldornew,expensiveorinexpensive,classicalcontemporary,sincetheyhadbeeninmycollectionand,therefore,gonethroughthickandthinwithme.Iwouldsighwithsignificance,whenIdustedandcaressedthemandthenfoundplaceforthemtogoto.IguessedtheymusthavehowIfeltabouttheirreturn.

DuringlastcoupleofyearsIhadfoundthemsomenewcompanions.Ilongerstampedmysealorwroteonthem,puttingthemontothebookshelves,exceptthatIclothedthemwithanewcoverandputdowntheoftheirarrival.ThiswasIwaswellawarethatitwouldnotbelongbeforeIbidfarewelltomymyfatehadbeenpredestined.Asforwhatwouldtotheirs,Icouldnotforetell,muchlesscouldguarantee.．RosesWayIthasnowbeenfiveyearssinceMargaretThatcherresignedasBritain’PrimeMinister.Inherheydayshestrodetheinternationalheadlineswithsuchbravurathatsheseemedinevitable,anaturalforce.Theworldstageseemedjusttherightsizeforher,asshechaffedherconservativemateRonaldorflatteredthe“man”MikhailGorbachev.Nowthepoliticalworldhasbeguntofocusontheimmensityofherachievement.HowonearthdidshetogetShewaselectedtoParliamentat32in1958(fiveyearsbeforeTFemininewaspublished).Sheparriedherwaythroughthecomplacent,male-dominatedcouncilsofpower—womanhadeverroiledthosewaters.Couldn’theoldseehercoming?Aftertherewasnothingsubtleaboutherpersonalityorherapproach.AstoPower(Harper2Collins;656pages;＄,thesecondofherautobiography,makesclear,ThatcherwastoosimpleanddirectfortheTories,withtheirheavyofclassandcompromise.Shetraveledlight,proudofherrootsasa’daughterfromthesmalltownofGranthambutnevertetheredbyworkingclassresentmentsordelusionsofinferiority.Herparentshertheveritiestheybelievedin:Methodism,hardwork,thriftandtheimportanceoftheindividual.Shehasneverwaveredfromthem,andtheyrunthroughthebook.“Nothinginourhousewaswasted.Or“hadlessleisuretimethanotherchildren.”Theseareboastsofchildhoodrecalledintranquility.LatertheybecameaphilosophyBeingconservativeisnevermerelymatterofincomebut

awholewayoflife,awilltotakeresponsibilityfor”Fromstart,shenoteswithbemusement,therewasacontrastbetweenherown“executivestyle”andhercolleagues“moreconsultivestyle.”Thatcherlaiddownthelaw.Inher11-yearleadership,shebrokethecripplingpowerofBritishunionsmademanythousandsofhercountrymenhomeowners,strengthenedBritishtieswiththeU.S.theUnionandgavevoicetoBritain’sreluctanceaboutjoiningEurope,reluctancethatstillplagueshersuccessor,JohnMajor.TheDowningStreetthefirstvolumeofhercoveredtimeinpower.Thisisinterestingandbetterfun,aformidableleaderlookingbackonherearlywinningbattles.SheisknownastheIronLady,butasapretty,naiveyoungpolcutthroughcant,prevaricationandsomeveryrealproblems,shemusthavebeenexhilaratingg.Herrise,asshedescribedthestarisbornpresscoveragethatgreetedhermaideninCommons,,rosesalltheway.”Inafinalsectiononthe90spoliticalscene,shecallsforreneweddedicationtoherprinciples.TheimperiledJohnMajorcannottakecomfortinthetimingofhePathtoPower.ThatcherhasrelentlesslyfloggedthebookinBritainandtheU.S.,givingTVinterviewsthatscourgewhatsheseesasthecollapseofhercountry’sleadershipTheonethingshetsayishatasthisoldcenturydrawstoaclose,theresimplytleaders.Thatcherwasone.(FromTIMEJuly10,1995)铺玫的玛.菲刘聪马格丽特.撒切尔辞去英国首相务已经五年了(政治生涯的盛时期她以光彩照人的风格而成为国际上的新闻人物好像必然如此她是一股自然的力量在她跟他的保守党精神伙伴罗纳德.里根趣时，或是在奉新人”米哈伊.戈尔巴乔夫时，这个世界看来恰好是适合她驰骋的舞台。现在政界开始把注意力集中在她的辉煌的政绩上。她到底是如何进入政界的呢？1958年（《女性的奥秘》发表前五年）她三十二岁时被选进议会。她左挡右闪闯进了那些由自满

的男人控制的权力机-过不有任何女人到那里去搅和那老家伙们看不到她的到来吗？其实她的性格和施政手段并没有什么微妙之处。正如她的第二本自《往权力路哈柏科林斯出版社656页30美所，对于那些阶级意识很重并善于折中的英国保守党党员切尔过于简单直直去。她没有负担以己是格兰瑟小镇一个杂货商的女儿而感到自豪是没有被劳动阶级因为地位低下而产生的怨恨或迷惑所束缚的父母教她懂得了他们所相信真理斯教勤节以个人的重要性于这些信仰从未动摇过些容贯穿着全书。“我们家从不浪费任何东西。”或者是的闲暇时间比别的孩子们都少。”这是在生活平静下来以后回忆童年时期颇具自豪的语言来这些信仰变成了她的哲学信保守绝不仅仅是收入问题，而完全是一种生活方式，一种为自己用于承担责任的意志。”一开始，她几乎是带着一种困惑注意到，她自己的“施政风格”和她的同僚的“更喜磋商的风格形鲜明的对照。撒尔夫人说了算她达十一年之久的执政期间，她削弱了英国工会的破坏力千万的同胞有了自己的房子了国与美国和苏联的关系，并且明确表示了英国不愿意加入欧洲这个意向至今仍在纷扰着她的继承人约.梅杰。她的第一本回忆录《唐宁街的岁月盖了她的执政阶段。而这一本书更有意思个令人敬佩的领导人回顾她初登政坛时所打得一个一个的胜仗现以铁娘子著称是作为一个漂亮天真年的政治在虚伪和含糊其此得人们中间以及问题成堆的地方披荆斩棘她一定是令人兴奋不已闻界在报道她第一次在下院发表的演说并对其表示赞许时说她是一颗已经诞生的新星；撒切尔在描述这一报到时说，她是沿着一条“铺满玫瑰的路”冉冉升起的。在最后一部分论述90年代界局时，她号召人们重新献身她的原则。《通往权利之路》在这个时候出版，身陷困境的约翰是不会感到舒服的撒尔毫不客气地在英国和美国抛售此书时受电视采访到了鞭笞在她看来正在摇摇欲坠的英国领导的作用。有一件事她没有明说，在本世纪即将结束的时候，根本就找不出几个领导人尔是一个。10．式默冯才学院请来一位洋教师得怪脸发鬓大胡须几根胡子一直逾过面颊，挨近鼻子他子足有二米，每屋门必须低头能过门框子的拦击叫误以为他进

门先鞠躬这太讲究礼貌了吗顶怪的是他每与中国学生聊天聊可笑之处时，他不笑，脸上也没表情，好象他不喜欢玩笑；可是有时毫不可笑的事，他会冷不防放声大笑，笑得翻江倒海，仰面朝天，几平连人带椅子要翻过去，喉结在脖子上乱跳，满脸胡子直抖。常使中国学生面面相觑，不知这位洋教师的神经是不是有点问题？一天洋师出题考学生们洋文作文的水准，题目极简单便议论议论校园内的一事一物，褒贬皆可。中国学生很灵，一挥而就，洋教师阅后。评出了最佳作文一篇，学生们听后大为不解这通篇说的文章怎么能被评最佳？原来这篇作文是写学校食堂。写作文的学生来自郊区农村，人很老实又,生伯罪校方，妨碍将来毕业时的分数、评语、分配工作等等，便不顾真假，胡编乱造，竭力美化，唱赞歌。使得一些学生看后惯惯然可是„„洋教师明知校食堂糟糕透顶的状况什么偏要选这篇作文？有人直问洋教师。洋教师说文写得当然好而且绝妙无比•你们听一一”他拿起作文念起来们学校最美的地方，不是教室，不是操场，也不是校门口那个带喷水的小花坛，而是食堂。瞧，玻璃干净得几乎叫你看不到它的存在——师念到这儿，眼睛调皮地一亮，眉毛一挑听多么幽默幽默？怎么会是幽默大家还没弄明白。洋教师接着念道果你不小心在学校食堂跌了一跤，你会惊奇地发现你并没跌跤，因为你身上半点尘上也没留下果长期在学校食堂里工作怕会把苍蝇是什么样子都忘了„„”洋教师又停住，舌头“得”地弹一声，做一个怪脸说，还要多幽默，我简直笑得念不下去了学生们忽然明白了什么。洋教师一边笑边继续往下念天的饭菜有多么精美么丰富么解馋！只有在学校食堂里•你才会感到饭是一种地道的享受„„忽然，学生们爆发起大笑来。依照这种思维，我们会从身边发现多少聪明、机智、绝妙、令人捧腹的好文章啊。WesternHumorJicaiOurinstituteemployedanEnglishteacher.Heeverystrange—red-faced,golden-hairedandwithathickgrowthofwhiskers,afewhairsofwhichtravelingallthewaytothenose.Hereallytall—sufficientlysixfeetfiveinches.When

hecameinthroughthedoor,hadtolowerhisheadtoavoidbangingagainstthedoorframe.Itlookedasthoughhealwaysbowedtoyouatthedoorandthatwasmuchtoopolite.WhatwasmoststrangeabouthimwasthatwhenchattedwiththeChinesestudentsonamusingtopics,hedidnotlaugh,nordidhisfaceshowanyexpressionasifhehadnosenseofhumoratHowever,whenitcametotopicsofthemostunamusingnature,hewouldburstoutlaughing,roaringwhilerockinginchair,almosttippingoffandfallingflatonhisback,sappledancingupanddowninhisandhiswhiskerflutteringalloverhisface.Thestudentswouldlookateachother,wonderingifguywasinhisrightmind.OnedayhesettheessaytoseehowwelltheycouldwriteinEnglish,thetopicbeing“CommentonCampusLife—eitherorcritical.Thatwassimple.TheChinesestudents,quickatfinisheditoffatonegoandturneditinintime.Havinggonethroughthestudentstheteacherpickedonethathethoughthebest.Whenheitouttothestudents,perplexed.Ofalltheessays,whydidhelikethisbetter?Notasinglewordofitwastrue.Thearticlewasabouttheinstitutecaferiaandtheauthorwasapeaceabletimidstudentfromavillageintheoutskirts.carenottooffendtheinstituteauthorities—thedecisivefactorconcerninghisfinalgrading,evaluationand,mostimportantofall,wherehewastogoaftergraduation—hadmakeupahigh-soundingstoryinpraiseofthecafeteria,regardlessoftherealities,andthatmadehisclassmatesveryangry.teacher,however,wasnotunawareofthecafeteria’terribleconditions,butwhydidhehavehiseyeonthisinparticular?Someone“Thisiscertainlyagoodessay,heexplained.“Absolutelymatchless!Justlisten„Heupthecompositionandbegantoread.“Themostbeautifulspotoncampusisnottheclassroombuilding,northesports-ground,northelawnwiththefountainatthegate;themostbeautifulspotoncampusospircafeteria.Look!Thewindow-panesarethatyounoticethereisglassinthem„Hepaused,hiseyesflashingwithaglintofandhisbrowsupward.“Listen!Isn’ithumorous?

Humorous?Butwhatwashumorousaboutit?Thepuzzled.“Ifyouwerenotcarefulenough,hecontinued,“andafallonthefloor,youwouldbeamazedtofindthatyouhadnoatallbecauseyounotgetasingleparticleofdustonclothes.Ifyouhadbeenworkinginthecafeterialongenough,youwouldhaveforgottenwhataflylookslike„stopped,tongueclickingrapidlytoshowadmiration.upfunnyexpressiononhisface,hewent“listen,please!Doyouthinkanyoneelsemadeitmorehumorous?”Helaughedsoheartilythathecouldhardlycontinue.Bynowthestudentsseemedtobecottoningon.Theteacherwenton,hisreadingpunctuatedbyfitsoflaughter.“Howwonderfullyisthefoodcookedhere!Whatagreatvarietyofdishesyouhaveonthemenuandhowwellyourappetiteissatisfied!Infactitisonlythecafeteriaoftheinstitutethatyoufindeatinganenjoyablebusiness„Suddenlythestudentslaughed,theclassroomwiththeirlaughter.Followingthislogic,Godknowshowmanyarticleswewouldabletoproduce,articlesthatarejustwell-worded,quick-witted,artfully-conceivedandsetyourollingwithlaughter!TwinsBrooksWhite①Onawarm,miserable②morninglastweek③wenttotheBronx④tothe⑤calfandtobreakofblackshoes.Weencounteredbetterluckthanwehadbargainedfor.Thecow⑦andheryoungonewerestandingnear