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2021-2022年浙江省杭州市公共英语五级(笔试)真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Whatproblemdoesthemanthinkcanbesolvedifthegovernmentputupsmallunitstobuildsolarpanels?
A.Theheatsupply.
B.Theelectricsupply.
C.Thewatersupply.
D.Theunemploymentsituation.
2.Whathasgivenwomenanindependenceinformingafamily?
3.WhereisLowTillFarmingbecomingpopular?
A.Inareaswithfewweedsandunwantedplants.
B.Inareaswithasevereshortageofwater.
C.Inareaslackinginchemicalfertilizer.
D.Inareasdependentonimportedfood.
4.PartC
Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.
Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.
听力原文:Imagineyouareahighschoolprincipal.Ateacherburstsbreathlesslyintoyouroffice.“There'safistfightinthedining-room.”shegasps.Theresponsibilityisyourstostopthefight.Howdoyoumeetit?
(1)Perhapsyou,asayoungster,tookpartinfightsandyourpresent-daytieswithstudentsarewarmandstrong.Youcanstopthefightbecauseyourprestigeishighamongthem.
(2)Youhaveaplanprepared.Otherschoolshavebeendisruptedsoyouhavealreadyplannedawaytostopanyfight.
(3)Youaretotallyconfidentofyourabilityinacrisis.Youarereadytostrideintothelunchroomandtakechargewithoutasinglequalm.Stoppingthefightwillbeeasy.
(4)Youferventlywishthatyoucoulddelegatethejobsinceyouknowthatyou'renotatalentedpeacemaker.Youwishyoucouldreturntothejobofplanningfortheschool'sneedtenyearshence.
Oneofthesefourreactionswouldbethefirstyou'dfeel.butonlyone—nottwoorthreeofthem,saythreepsychologists.Thesepsychologists—Dr.HarrietMann,Dr.HumphreyOsmondandMiriamSiegler—havecomeupwithaschemeforsortingpeopleregardlessoftheireducation,ageorsituation.
Theconceptisbasedonthepremisethatallpeoplehaveabasicwayofseeingtime.Eachofusispredisposedtoseealleventsfromtimevantagepoint.Eitheritremindsyouofthepast(past-oriented),howtheeventfitsintotoday,yesterday,andtomorrow(timeline),whatitistoday(present),orhowitwilldevelop(future).
Thethreebeganworkingin1968whenDr.MannandMrs.SieglerwereassistantstoDr.Osmond,director,attheBureauofResearch,NewJerseyNeuro-PsychiatricInstituteinPrinceton.Dr.OsmondiscurrentlydevisingwaystomakeempiricalstudiesofthetheoryandDr.MannisinCambridge,Massachusetts,writingabookontheWorldsofTime.Theirtake-offpointwasaninterestinobservationsmadebySwisspsychologistCarlGustavJung,whodescribedinthe1920sthetemperamentaldifferencesoffourpsychologicaltypes.Jungisknownasthefounderofanalyticpsychology.SinceJung'sworkin1921,however,noonehadconceivedofatheoreticalframeworkthatwouldaccountforthefourtypes.Withoutsuchaframework,therewasnopossibilityofsubstantiatingthatpeopleofdifferenttypesexperiencetheworldverydifferently.
Timeandspacearethetouchstonesinthesystem.Eachperson,afterall,useshistimesomehowandexistswithinandactsuponthespacearoundhim.Dr.Mann,andcompanyproposethatcertaintraitsaresharedbypersonsfallingineachofthefourcategories.
Thefirsttype,thepasttype,seestimeasbeingcircular.Forhim,thepastcropsupinthepresentandthenreturnstothepastasamemory.Heenjoyscollectingsouvenirsandkeepingdiaries.HetellsstoriesaboutGreatAuntHattieandalwaysremembersyourbirthday.
Pasttypesarepeggedbythissystemasemotionalpeoplewhoseetheworldinahighlysubjectiveway.Forinstance,SchoolPrincipalI(pasttype)couldidentifywiththefightandknowhowtohandleitbecauseofsomepastexperience-whetheritbesimilarfightsasachildhimselforonespreviouslydealtwithastheschoolprincipal.Inaddition,pasttypesusuallyfollowstrictmoralcodesandoftenarevaluedmoreforwhattheyarethanforwhattheydo.Thisqualityitself-becauseitlendsauthoritarianstrengthtoonewhopossessesit-mightcausethestudentstoquitfighting.Pasttypesoftenhavebeenfoundtobeskillfulatassessingtheexactemotionaltenorofaneventandareadeptatinfluencingothers'emotions,accordingtotheMann
5.Wherewasthemailataplantationpassedontome?
6.WangpreferstolivewithanEnglishfamily.
A.RightB.Wrong
7.Whatwilltheclassdonow?
A.Hearanotherreport.
B.DiscussoneofEmilyDickinson'spoems.
C.Hearalecturegivenbytheteacher.
D.Discusspoemstheyhavewrittenthemselves.
8.Whatarethestudentsdoingwhenthemanarrivesinclass?
A.Takinganexamination.
B.Drawinggraphs.
C.Givingpresentations.
D.Havingaclassofdiscussion.
9.WhatkindofgraindidmostEuropeanseat500yearsago?
10.HowlongdidittakeforalettersentbyapostridertoreachtheaddresseebetweenNewYorkandBoston?
11."Totravelbybook"meanstotakeimaginaryjourneystotheplacesmentionedinthebook.
A.TrueB.Fasle
12.Youcanfindyournoseinthedarknessbecauseofyour"feltimage".
A.TrueB.Fasle
13.Thefrontdoortohishomedoesnotopenautomatically.
A.TrueB.Fasle
14.Dr.WilsonasksWangtodoalittlemoreresearchbeforedecidingonhisproject.
A.RightB.Wrong
15.听力原文:Now,letmefirstgiveyouabriefintroductiontotheAmericanpoet,EmilyDickinson.EmilyDickinsonwasAmerica'sbest-knownfemalepoetandoneoftheforemostauthorsinAmericanliterature.BorninAmherst,Massachusetts,Dickinsonwasthemiddlechildofaprominentlawyerandone-termUnitedStatescongressionalrepresentative,EdwardDickinson,andhiswife,EmilyNorcrossDickinson.From1840to1847sheattendedtheAmherstAcademy,andfrom1847to1848shestudiedattheMountHolyokeFemaleSeminary(nowMountHolyokeCollege)inSouthHadley,afewtripstoBostonforeyetreatmentsintheearly1860s,DickinsonremainedinAmherst,livinginthesamehouseonMainStreetfrom1855untilherdeath.Duringherlifetime,shepublishedonlyabout10ofhernearly2,000poems,innewspapers,CivilWarjournals,andapoetryanthology.ThefirstvolumeofPoemsofEmilyDickinsonwaspublishedin1890,afterDickinson'sdeath.
AlthoughfewofDickinson'spoemswereformallypublishedduringherlifetime,sheherself"published"bysendingoutatleastone-thirdofherpoemsinthemorethan1,000lettersshewrotetoatleast100differentcorrespondents.Dickinson'smethodofbindingabout800.ofherpoemsinto40manuscript.booksanddistributingseveralhundredoftheminlettersisnowwidelyrecognizedasherparticularform.ofself-publication.Shealsoreadherpoemsaloudtoseveralpeople,includinghercousinsLouiseandFrancesNorcross,overaperiodofthreedecades.
Well,that'sallaboutherlife.Nowshallweconcentrateonherfamouspoem,"SuccessisCountedSweetest".
InwhichstatewasEmilyDicksonborn?
A.Michigan.B.Ohio.C.Massachusetts.D.Washington.
二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.(38)
17.(44)
18.
【C11】
19.
【C8】
20.
【C10】
21.
【C3】
22.(32)
23.(49)
24.(48)
25.(36)
三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.
Theword"tarnish"(line4,paragraph4)mostprobablymeans______.
A.affectB.warnC.troubleD.stain
27.PartB
Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Periodicallyinhistory,therecomeperiodsofgreattransitioninwhichworkchangesitsmeaning.Therewasatime,perhaps10,000yearsago,whenhumanbeingsstoppedfeedingthemselvesbyhuntinggameandgatheringplants,andincreasinglyturnedtoagriculture.Inaway,thatrepresentedtheinventionof"work".
Then,inthelatterdecadesofthe18thcentury,astheIndustrialRevolutionbeganinGreatBritain,therewasanothertransitioninwhichthesymbolsofworkwerenolongerthehoeandtheplow;theywerereplacedbythemillandtheassemblyline.
66.______
WiththeIndustrialRevolution,machinery—poweredfirstbysteam,thenbyelectricityandinternalcombustionengines—tookoverthehardphysicaltasksandrelievedthestrainonhumanandanimalmuscles.
67.______
Andyet,suchjobshavebeencharacteristicofthehumanconditioninthefirstthree-quartersofthe20thcentury.They'vemadetoolittledemandonthehumanmindandspirittokeepthemfreshandalive,madetoomuchdemandforanymachinetoservethepurposeuntilnow.
Theelectroniccomputer,inventedinthe1940'sandimprovedatbreakneckspeed,wasamachinethat,forthefirsttime,seemedcapableofdoingworkthathaduntilmenbeenthepreserveofthehumanmind.Withthecomingofthemicrochipinthe1970's,computersbecamecompactenough,versatileenoughand(mostimportantofall)cheapenoughtoserveasthebrainsofaffordablemachinesthatcouldtaketheirplaceontheassemblylineandintheoffice.
68.______
First,whatwillhappentothehumanbeingswhohavebeenworkingatthesedisappearingjobs?Second,wherewillwegetthehumanbeingsthatwilldothenewjobsthatwillappear—jobsthataredemanding,interestingandmind-exercising,butthatrequiresahigh-techlevelofthoughtandeducation?
69.______
Thefirstproblem,thatoftechnologicalunemployment,willbetemporary,foritwillariseoutofthefactthatthereisnowagenerationofemployeeswhohavenotbeeneducatedtofitthecomputerage.However,(inadvancednations,atleast)theywillbethelastgenerationtobesolacking,sothatwiththemthisproblemwilldisappearor,atleast,diminishtothepointofnon-crisisproportions.
Thesecondproblem—thatofdevelopingalargeenoughnumberofhigh-techmindstorunahigh-techworld—willbenoproblematall,onceweadjustourthinking.
70.______
Rightnow,creativityseemstobeconfinedtoaveryfew,anditiseasytosupposethatthatisthewayitmustbe.However,withtheproperavailabilityofcomputerizededucation,humanitywillsurprisetheelitefewonceagain.
A.Thereremained,however,the"easier"labor—thelaborthatrequiredthehumaneyes,ears,judgmentandmindbutnosweating.Itneverthelesshaditsmiseries,forittendedtobedull,repetitious,andboring.Andthereisalwaysthesoursenseofendlesslydoingsomethingunpleasantundercompulsion.
B.Foronething,muchofhumaneffortthatistodayputinto"runningtheworld"willbeunnecessary.Withcomputers,robotsandautomation,agreatdealofthedailygrindwillappeartoberunningitself.Thisisnothingstartling.ItisatrendthathasbeenrapidlyonitswayeversinceWorldWarII.
C.Andnowwestandatthebrinkofachangethatwillbethegreatestofall,forworkinitsoldsensewilldisappearaltogether.Tomostpeople,workhasalwaysbeenaneffortfulexercisingofmindorbody—compelledbythebitternecessityofearningthenecessitiesoflife—plusanoc
28.
Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofmanyemployeehealthinsuranceplans?
A.Theycoverallthecommonmedicalconditionsaffectingmen,butonlysomeofthoseaffectingwomen.
B.Theylackthespecialprovisionsforwomenworkersthatproposedspeciallaborlawsforwomenwouldprovide.
C.Theypaythemedicalcostsassociatedwithpregnancyandchildbirthonlyforthespousesofmaleemployees,notforfemaleemployees.
D.Theymeetminimumlegalrequirements,,butdonotadequatelysafeguardthehealthofeithermaleorfemaleemployees.
29.
Whydoestheauthormentiongeneticengineeringandcomputerscience?
A.Tocomparethemwiththenewmaterials.
B.Toshowthesignificanceofthenewmaterialsonthefutureworld.
C.Tocomparethenewmaterialswiththem.
D.Toexplainhispoint.
30.
Anderson'searlysuccesshas______.
A.greatlyspeededthedevelopmentofmedicine
B.broughtnoimmediateprogressintheresearchofgene-therapy
C.promisedacuretoeverydisease
D.madehimanationalhero
31.
Whyarehorsesusedtocatchtheelectriceels?
A.Tofrightentheeels.
B.Toexhausttheeels.
C.Toattracttheeels.
D.Tostirthewater.
32.
TheNationalAssociationtoAdvanceFatAcceptanceholdsthat______.
A.fatpeopleshouldtrytoloseweight
B.eatinglessisharmfultopeople'shealth
C.fatpeoplewerebornthatway
D.obesityisgoodforpeople
33.(80)
34.PartA
Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy.…Imagoodeconomicindicator,”shesays,“Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars.”SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.“Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too.”shesays.
EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.Fromcardealershipstogapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscomingatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay,holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospects,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.
Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.InManhattan,“there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses,”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets.“Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree,”saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.
Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.
By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans______.
A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness
B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork
C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit
D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation
35.(74)
36.PartA
Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
TheStoneage,theIronage.Entireepochshavebeennamedformaterials.Sowhattonamethedecadesahead?Thechoicewillbetough.Welcometotheageofsuperstuff.Materialscience—oncetheleastsexytechnology—isburstingwithnew,practicaldiscoveriesledbysuperconductingceramicsthatmayrevolutionizeelectronics.Butsuperconductorsarejustpartofthepicture;fromhousesandcarstocookpotsandartificialteeth,theworldwillsometimebemadeofdifferentstuff.Exoticplastics,glassandceramicswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputerscience.
Thekeytothenewmaterialsisresearchers'increasingabilitytomanipulatesubstancesatthemolecularlevel.Ceramics,forinstance,havelongbeenlimitedbytheirbrittleness.Butbyminimizingthemicroscopicimperfectionsthatcauseit,scientistsaremakingfarstrongerceramicsthatstillretainsuchqualitiesashardnessandheatresistance.FordMotorCo.nowusesceramictoolstocutsteel.AfirmcalledKyocerahascreatedalineofceramicscissorsandknivesthatstaysharpforyearsandneverrustorcorrode.
Asimilartransformationhasovertakenplastics.High-strengthpolymersnowform.bridges,iceskatingrinksandhelicopterrotors.Andonenewplasticthatgenerateselectricitywhenvibratedorpushedisusedinelectricguitars,touchsensorsforrobothandsandkaratejacketsthatautomaticallyrecordeachpunchandchop.Evenplasticlitter,whichoncethreatenedtopermanentlyblotthelandscape,hasprovedamenabletomoleculartinkering.Severalmanufacturersnowmakebiodegradableforms;someplasticsix-packringsforexample,graduallydecomposewhenexposedtosunlight.Researchersaredevelopingwaystomakeplasticsasrecyclableasmetalorglass.What'smore,composites—plasticreinforcedwithfibresofgraphiteorothercompounds—madetheround-the-worldflightofthevoyagerpossibleandhaveevenbeenprovedincombat:ahelmetsavedaninfantryman'slifebydeflectingtwobulletsintheGrenadainvasion.
Someadvancedmaterialsareoldstandardwithanewtwist.Thenewestfiberopticcablesthatcarrytelephonecallscross-countryaremadeofglasssotransparentthatapieceof100milesthickisclearerthanastandardwindowpane.
Butnewmaterialshavenoimpactuntiltheyaremadeintoproducts.Andthattransitioncouldprovedifficult,forswitchingrequireslengthyresearchandinvestment.Itcanbesaidafirmerhandleonhowtomovetocommercializationwilldeterminethesuccessorfailureofacountryinthecomingfuture.
Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?
A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.
37.TheVillageGreeninNewMilford,Connecticut,isasnapshotofNewEnglandcharm:acarefullymanicuredlawnflandedbyscrupulouslymaintainedcolonialhomes.Babysittersdandlekidsinthewoodengazebo,waitingforcommuterparentstoreturnfromNewYork.OnalazyafternoonlastweekCarolineNicholas,16,hadnothingmorepressingtodothandrinkintheearly-summersunshineanddiscusstherecenteventsintown.“Idon'tthinkalotofolderpeopleknewtherewereunhappykidsinNewMilford,”shesaid,“Icouldseeitcoming.”
Inafive-dayperiodinearlyJuneeightgirlswerebroughttoNewMilfordHospitalafterwhathospitalofficialscallsuicidalgestures.Thegirls,allbetween12and17,triedavarietyofmeasures,includingheavydosesofalcohol.over-the-countermedicinesandcutsorscratchestotheirwrists.Nonewassuccessful,andmostdidn'trequirehospitalization;butatleasttwoattempts,accordingtothehospital,couldhavebeenvital.Theirreasonsseemedasmundaneastheotherhappen-stancesofsuburbanlife.“Iwasjustsickofitall,”onetoldareporter,“Everythinginlife.”Mostalarming,emergency-roomdoctorFrederickLohsetoldalocalreporterthatseveralgirlssaidtheywerepartofasuicidepact.Thehospitallaterbackedawayfromthisremark.Butcominginthewakeofatleastsixteensuicideattemptsoverthepreviousfewmonths.thissuddencluster—alongwiththeinfluxofmedia—hassetthiswell-groomedsuburbof23,000onedge.AtatownmeetinglastWednesdaynight,DrSimonSobo,chiefofpsychiatryatthehospital,toldmorethan200parentsandkids,“We'retalkingaboutacrisisthathasreallygottenoutofhand.”Laterheadded,“TherehavebeenmoresuicideattemptsthisspringthanIhaveseeninthe13yearsIhavebeenhere.”
Sobosaidthatthegirlshetreateddidn'thaveseriousproblemsathomeorschool.“Manyofthesewerepopularkids,”hesaid,“Theygotplentyoflove,butbeneaththereassuringsigns,aswathofteensherearenotmakingit.”Somesaythatdrugs,bothpotand‘realdrugs’,arecommonplace.KidshaveshownupwithLIFESUCKSandLONGLIVEDEATHpennedontheirarms.Afewgirlscasuallydisplayscarsontheirarmswheretheycutthemselves.“You'dbesurprisedhowmanykidstrysuicide,”saidonegirl,17.“Youdon'twanttoputpainonotherpeople;youputitonyourself.”Shesaidsheusedtocutherself“justtoreleasethepain”.
Emily,15,afriendofthreeofthegirlstreatedin,June,saidonewashavingfamilyproblems,onewas“upsetthatday”andthethirdwas“justupsetwitheverythingelsegoingon”.Shesaidtheyweren'treallytryingtokillthemselves—theyjustneededconcern.AsSobonoted,“What'sgoingoninNewMilfordisnotuniquetoNewMilford.”Thesameunderlyingcultureofdespaircouldbefoundinanytown.Butteensuicide,headded,canbea“contagion”.RightnowNewMilfordhasthebug-andhasitbad.
Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?
A.EightgirlscommittedsuicideinNewMilford.
B.ThevillageGreenisnotacharmingplace.
C.Teenagersuicide.
D.Dr.SimonSobo'sachievements.
38.(68)
39.
Theenclosuresofthe1thand18thcenturiesmeantthat_______.
A.peoplewerenolongerlegallyentitledtoownland
B.peopleweredriventolookelsewhereformeansofsupportingthemselves
C.peoplewerenotadequatelycompensatedforthelossoftheirland
D.peoplewerebadlypaidfortheworktheymanagedtofind
40.(78)
四、阅读理解(5题)41.
第
47
题
2.__________
42.
第
29
题
Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat__________.
43.
第
43
题
Themainpointofthepassageisthatspecialprotectivelaborlawsforwomenworkersare__________.
44.
第
32
题
Thegovernmentleviesdifferentkindsoftaxessothat__________.
45.
第
46
题
hasnoeasytrackforthegame?__________
参考答案
1.D
2.Participationineconomy.
3.B
4.Stopfighting.
5.Aneighbor.
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.Wheat
10.Manyweeks.
11.A
12.A
13.B
14.A
15.C
16.onon解析:此题也考查介词的用法,在电话中交谈,一般用onthephone。所以此处应填介词“on”。
17.populationpopulation解析:由下一句“越来越多的人正在制造更多的垃圾。”可知,此处应指“膨胀的人口”,即explodingpopulation。
18.areare解析:分析句子结构,这里缺少系动词be来构成动词的被动形式。故答案为are。
19.whichwhich解析:由37题解析可知此空应为一个引导定语从句的词,即which,其后的定语修饰“several(typesofcontamination)”。
20.accordingaccording解析:此句意为“…一项个性与社会心理学的六月杂志的研究。”显然,空处应填“根据”。
21.thatthat解析:参见32题解析,idea与bigachievementsrarelycomeeasilyandquickly是同位语,故此空应填that,引导同位语从句。
22.th
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