2022-2023年河南省驻马店市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）

2022-2023年河南省驻马店市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Theauthorbelievesthatfinancialinstitutionscanreducecreditcrisisif______.

A.positionsandcommitmentswereinitiallyassessedprecisely

B.assetvalueswereaccountedforproperly

C.financialliabilitieswereassignedprecisely

D.positionswerevaluedfairly

2.

Investigators______thenotesprovidedbyMr.Kayefromdoctorsforhisabsence.

3.Kunzgaveupsoftwareengineeringmainlybecauseheearnedlessthanthoseinlaworbusinessfielddid.

4.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

HappyEarthDay

TheGoodNews

Here'sthegoodnews:ourairiscleaner,ourlakesarepurer,ourforestsarehealthier,endangeredspeciesarerecovering,toxicemissionsaredown,andacidrainhasdiminisheddramatically.Andyet,ifyou'velookedatanewspaperorwatchedtheeveningnewslately,youmightthinkourenvironmentisundersiege(围攻).Mediacoverageoftheenvironmentisheavyondoomsday,butthetruthisnotatallbreak:nearlyallenvironmentaltrendsintheUnitedStatesarepositiveandhavebeenforyears--ifnetdecades.

Eco-legislation,greenorganizations,corporatecooperationandnewinventionshaveallquietlysteeredourenvironmentinapositivedirection.Wecan'taffordtobecomplacent(自满的),though--especiallywhenitcomestogreenhousegases,sinceglobalwarmingistheonehugeproblemwehaven'treallytackled.Butalmosteverymeasuretakenbygovernmentagenciesandgrass-rootseffortstnimprovetheenvironmenthasshownencouragingresults--usuallyfasterthanexpectedandatalowercost.Nowthat'sgoodnews.

Scientistsandenvironmentaliststhinkthateventheworrisomefactofglobalwarmingcanbeameliorated(改善).Thereisastrongscientificconsensusthattheglobalwarmingthreatrequiresaction,butifcurrentenvironmentaltrendspersistandthereductionofmostpollutantscontinuestobeaccomplishedfasterandmorecheaplythanexpected,wemaybeabletocontrolandreducegreenhousegasesinbothaffordableandpracticalways.

ConsidersomeoftheenvironmentalimprovementstheUnitedStateshaswitnessedoverthelastthreedecades.

ImprovedAirQuality

Takeanice,bigcleansingbreath.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,emissionsoftheprimarysmog-causingchemicalsfromcarsandtruckshavedeclined54percentsince1970,eventhoughthenumberofregisteredcarsandtruckshasmorethandoubled,from108,407,000to230,428,000,andtheyarenowdrivenoneandahalftimesasfarannually.

Keepbreathing,becausethefineparticulateslinkedtorespiratorydisease,includingthosesometimesseenassoot(煤烟),aredownbyaboutone-thirdsince1979(thoughfewercitiesweresurveyedbackthen).Thelevelofcarbonmonoxide,adangerousodorlessgas,isdown53percentsince1970.Andemissionsofsulfurdioxide,oftenthemajorculpritbehindacidrain,aredown49percentsince1970,despitethefactthattheUnitedStatesnowbumsfarmorecoal,themainsourceofthispollutant.

TheseimprovementshavetranslatedintobetterairqualityformillionsofAmericans.Between1976and1990,theLosAngelesareaaveragedsome150daysperyearinviolationoffederalsmogstandards;in2004,thatfiguredroppedtojust27violationdays,thefewesteverforthatcity.

And,incaseyouarewondering,federalstandardshavebecomestricter;notweaker,duringthisperiod.Ofcourse,thereismoretobedone-27smogdaysinLosAngelesarestill27toomany,andAtlanta,Houstonandothercitiescontinuetoexperienceair-pollutionproblems.Butoverall,air-qualitytrendsarestronglypositive.Now,exhale.

BetterWaterQuality

Otherenvironmentaltrendsareequallyencouraging.Waterqualityhasimproved,too,andratesofwaterbornediseasearealsoindecline.It'shardtobelieve,butjustagenerationago,factoriesandmunicipalpla

A.Globalwarming.

B.Acidmin.

C.Toxicemission.

D.Environment.

5.

Buildingawater-conservingsocietyisindispensableinguaranteeingChina'ssustainabledevelopment.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

Asforthemedicationofsomeseveresymptoms,someexpertsdoubtabouttherushandhavequestioned______

7.

Peopledrinkinapartyinorderto______.

8.

Whatdoyouknowabout“powerwalking”fromthepassage?

A.Itisakindwalkingpeopledointhepark.

B.Itmayburnmorecaloriesthanrunning.

C.Peoplewalkveryfasttobreakintoarun.

D.Thiskindofwalkingsetsapaceforrunning.

9.Thecasesofthestudentsmentionedatthethreeschoolssuggestthattheywere______oftheirplagiarismmistakes.

A.innocentB.ignorantC.defensiveD.regretted

10.

Whatcausespeopletodislikerunning?

A.Becausetheyfindrunningnotveryinteresting.

B.Becausetheygetbreathlesstotalk.

C.Becausetheyhavetowarmdownattileend.

D.Becausetheyhavetoincreasegradually.

11.

ThestoryofJasonshowsthatalthoughgossipsareusuallyincredible,peopletendtobelieveinthe______.

12.

Theauthorthinksuchtaglineas"Steaksauceonlyacowcouldhate"conveysanegativefeelinghardy______.

13.

Wecantellwhethersomeonesuffersfromdepressionornotby______.

14.

Theauthorthinksthattheoptionsgivenbythetwodifferentcampswouldnotworkandhesuggested______option.

15.Whyaresomepeopleunwillingtogetfit?

A.Theexpensesoforganizedclassesaretoogreatforthem.

B.Thereisnoactivitytheycantakewiththeirfriends.

C.Theyareafraidthattheactivitiesarebeyondtheirabilities.

D.Therearefewsportsclubsorgymsavailableinthecommunity.

16.

Expertssuggestthehighestnumberoffatyoutakeinperdaybeaveragely______forahealthydiet.

17.BesurenottousebirthdatesoryourphonenumbersasyourPINbecausethey______.

18.

AccordingtoFreud,tosome______________certainwordsbecomemagical,symbolsofwholetrainsofthoughtcondensed.

19.U.S.Population

PresentSituationsofU.S.Population

TheU.S.—themostpopulousoftoday'sdevelopedcountries—basoneofthehighestpopulationgrowthratesoftheindustrializednations:aboutonepercentannually.Thisaddssome2.5millionpeopleeveryyear—equivalenttoanewcitythesizeofSanDiego—whichisbyfarthelargestnumericalincreaseofanydevelopedcountry.Bytheendof1994,theU.S.populationhadclimbedto262million,upfrom203millionin1970.ThechangestandsinsharpcontrastwithEuropewhichtodayaddslessthanamillionpeopleperyeartoapopulationofabout728millionandJapan'sadditionof0.3milliontoatotalof125million.

ImmigrationnowcontributesroughlyathirdoftheannualU.S.increase,althoughnaturalincrease,orbirthsminusdeaths,remainssubstantialatabout1.7millionperyear.Thisisinparttheconsequenceofayoungeragedistributionresultingfromthepost-warbabyboom(1946-1964),butU.S.fertility(生育力)hasalsobeenamongthehighestoftheindustrializedcountries.TheU.S.TFR(thetotalfertilityrate,definedastheaveragenumberofchildrenwomenwillbearintheirlifetime)remainedatabout1.8fromthemid-1970stothelatter1980s,whenitbeganrisingto2.1in1991.TheU.S.TFRhassincerecededslightly,droppingtoabout2.0in1993.

TherelativelyhighU.S.fertilityisoneofthiscountry'smoststrikingdemographic(人口统计学的)features.Shouldthepresentratepersist,thecountrywouldremainatornearthereplacementleveltoavoidpopulationdeclineasinEurope.Althoughfertilitylevelsdovaryamongethnicgroups,theTFRforU.S.non-Hispanicwhitewomenin1992wasnonetheless1.8;forblacks,itwas2.4;AsianandPacificIslanders,1.9;AmericanIndians,2.2;andHispanics3.0.

NationalTrends

TheU.S.populationisundergoingatleasttwomajorshifts:asignificantchangeinitsgeographicdistributionandasimilarlyimportantchangeinethniccomposition.Immigration—accountingforathirdofthepresentannualgrowth—isalsoanundeniablefactor.ThestreamofimmigrantsintotheU.S.ishighlydirectedtowardsbutsixofthe50states(California,with261,000legalimmigrantsin1993;NewYork151,000;Texas67,000;Florida61,000;NewJersey50,000;andIllinois47,000).Withinthese,moreover,theflowisconcentratedwithinbutafewmetropolitanareas.

ShiftsinGeographicDistribution

ThebalanceofpopulationisshiftingrapidlytotheSouthandWest.TheNortheastandMidwesthaveexperiencedacontinuouslossofpopulationtotheSouthandWestbymigrationfromotherareasoftheU.S.Thesetwo"sun-belt"regionshavealsoreceivedahigherinfluxofimmigrants.

From1990to1993,theNortheastandMidwestexperiencedanetlossof367,000residentsthroughmigrationtootherpartsofthecountrywhilegaining260,000immigrantsfromabroad.TheSouthgained471,000migrantsfromthebalanceoftheU.S.andanother180,000fromoutsidethecountry.TheWestactuallylostpopulationbecauseofmigrationtootherregions,becauseofthenumericaldominanceofthestateofCaliforniaintheregion.ItislikelythatthelossofjobsinCaliforniaindefense-relatedemploymentwasresponsibleforthisunexpectedmmofevents.TheSouthandWestreceivednofewerthan500,000netimmigrantsfromabroad,justoverhalfofwhichweretoCaliforniaalone.

ChangesinEthnicComposition

One-fourthofthepresentpopulationoftheU.S.isnowcomposedofracialminorities,whicharedefinedasanyonewhoisnotwhiteandnon-Hispanic.Inthenext50yearsthatfractionwillgrowtonearlyhalfthetotal,accordingtorecentprojections.TheHispanicpopulationisprojected(预测)bytheCensusBureautorisefrom22.5millionin1990tojustunder90millionby2050,duetothecombinationofimmigration

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Ifonehasthedesiretoimprovehisreadingspeed,themotivationtopracticeand,hemayimprovehisreadingspeed.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：M:Hi,Helen.Howdidyourdrivingtestgo?Didyougetyourdriver'slicenseyet?

W:Sofar,I'vejusttakenthewrittentest.Ididwellenoughonthat,butIstillhavetotaketheroadtest.

M:IrememberwhenItooktheroadtestafewyearsago.ThefirsttimeItookit,Ifailed.

W:Youfailed!Butyou'resuchagooddriver!Whathappened?

M:Well,Itookaleft-handturnfromtherightlane,andtheexaminertoldmejusttoturnaroundandgobacktothetestingcenter.Itwasprettyembarrassing.

W:Mybigproblemisparallelparking.Ijustcan'tseemtogetacarintothoselittlespaces.

M:Ifyoulike,wecangooutinmycarbeforeyoutakethereadtestandpracticeparallelparking.

W:Thatwouldbegreat.I'vejustgottogetmylicense.Ican'tbelievethatIhaveacarthatmyparentsgavemejustsittinginmygarage,andIcan'tevendriveit.

(20)

A.Atestinacompositionclass.

B.Aroadtest.

C.Thewrittentestforherdriver'slicense.

D.Aroad.

22.听力原文：M:Iheardthatthenewspapergavethatbookaterriblereview.

W:Itdependsonwhichnewspaper.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(16)

A.Youshouldbelieveeverythingyouread.

B.Shethinksthebookisexcellent.

C.Shewonderswhichnewspaperhereads.

D.Reactiontothebookhasbeenvaried.

23.听力原文：M:AreyoubusyFridaynight?Ifnot,wouldyouliketogototheconcert?

W:Ihaveafewcommitments,butIthinkIcanpostponethemforanothertime.

Q:WhatwouldthewomanmostlikelydothisFridaynight?

(17)

A.Gototheconcert.

B.Gotowork.

C.Seeherfriendsasplanned.

D.Finishherhomework.

24.

【B4】

25.(34)

A.Residentialarea.

B.Shoppingcenters.

C.Parkinglots.

D.Shoppingcentersorparkinglotsnearstadiumsorgymnasiums.

26.

【B7】

27.听力原文：M:Doyouthinkyoufeelenergeticenoughtowalktoourstudygroupsessiontonight?

W:Ifthereisone!Iguessyouhaven'theardtheweatherreports.Overafootofsnowisexpectedforthisevening.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(18)

A.Thelocationofthesessionhasbeenchanged.

B.Shewilldefinitelygotothesessionthisevening.

C.She'llprobablybetootiredtowalktothesession.

D.Thesessionmightbecanceledbecauseofaheavysnow.

28.(47)

29.(42)

30.(22)

A.Theweight.

B.Thechemicalcomposition.

C.Thecolor.

D.Theshape.

31.

【B2】

32.(26)

A.Shethinkstheyareimpractical.

B.Shethinkstheyareusefulbuttooexpensive.

C.Shethinkstheyarefeasible.

D.Shethinkstheyarenotinstructiveenough.

33.听力原文：W:Hi,Bob.IheardaboutyouraccidentbutIdidn'tthinkitwouldbethisbad.

M:Well,thanksformakingmefeelbetter.

W:Ican'thardlyrecognizeyouthroughallthosebandages.Tellmewhathappened.

M:IjustgotbackfromHawaiiwhereIhadaterriblesurfingaccident.IbrokebothmylegsandthreeribswhenIfellontoabedofcoral.Iwaslaidupinahospitaloverthereforthreeweeks.

W:Threeweeks,that'salongtime.Whatdidyoudowhileyouwereinthehospital?

M:Well,ifyoucanbelieveit,Ireadallaboutsurfing.Ilovesurfingevenifithurtsme.DidyouknowthatthepeopleofHawaiiweresurfingsincethebeginningofrecordedhistory?Theoldesthistoriessuggestthatin1000BCtheislandersofthePacificOceanwereusingsmallboatstosurfthroughthewaves.Thepeopleusedthesmallboatsforhunting,traveling,andfighting.

W:Peoplefoughtonsurfboards?

M:Certainly.Muchofthehistoryofsurfingiscloselyrelatedtotheearlyhistoryofnavalwarfare.Thesportofsurfingstartedofffromthewarriorsoftheislandslearningthemostskilfulwaystoapproachtheirenemiesinthewater.Aftertheintroductionoftheacrylicsurfboardinthe1950's,theancientart,thenbecameahugesport.

W:That'samazing,Bob,butI'mafraidyoudon'tmakeitlookveryfun.You'reluckytobealive.

M:Iamsureluckytobealive.Manypeoplethinkthedangerouspartaboutsurfingisthepossibilityofbeingattackedbyasharkorsomeotherseacreature,butreally,theoceanitselfisthemostdangerouspartofthissport.

(20)

A.Hehadasurfingaccident.

B.Hechangedthewayhelooked.

C.Hespentsometimestudying.

D.Hefoundanewhobby.

34.听力原文：Thegamesofaculturecanhelpusunderstandagreatdealabouttheirhistory,religion,andbeliefsystem.TheIndiansrevealedagreatdealaboutthemselvesbyplayinggames.AlmostallIndians,regardlessoftheirage,gender,orphysicalcondition,playedgames.

Womenplayedgamesasmuchasmen,buttheyusuallyplayedseparatelyfromthemenandhaddifferentgames.Childrenalsoplayedgames.Asamatteroffact,theyoftenplayedthesamegamesthattheirparentsenjoyed.

Mostofthegameshadareligiousmeaning.Manyofthetribesusedthegamestotrainwarriorsandtowinhonors.Astheyearsworeon,thatmeaningwaslostbutthegamecontinuedtobeplayed.

ManyIndiansenjoyedshootingarrowsasasport.Theyusedmanyvarietiesoftargets,includingpiecesofbark,womengrass,oranarrowstuckinatree.Quieteramusementsincludedgamesofchance.Forexample,piecesofclothwouldbeusedtocovervariousitemsdeterminedbyoneperson.Theotherpersonwouldrandomlychooseoneofthehiddenitems.Hisorherchoicewouldrevealtheirpastaswellastheirfuture.Otherpopulargameswereguessinggames.Forinstance,itwouldrequireagrouptoguessthenumberofrocksinacertainarea.Thentheywouldcounttheactualnumberandrankthepeoplewhoguessedaccordingtohowclosetheycametotheactualnumber.

(30)

A.Theyplayedthesamegamesasmen.

B.Theyplayedgamesasmuchasmen.

C.Theyplayedgameswithmen.

D.Theydidnotplaygames.

35.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：WelcometoEverglade'sNationalPark.(30)TheEvergladeisawateryplaincoveredwithsawgrassthat'sthehometonumerousspeciesofplantsandwildlife.Andoneandhalfmillionacreistoobigtoseeitalltoday.Butthistourwillofferyouagoodsampling.OurtourbuswillstopfirstatTailorSlue.(30)Thisisagoodplacetostartbecauseit'shometomanyoftheplantsandanimalstypicallyassociatedwiththeeverglade.You'llseemanyexoticbirdsandofcourseaworldfamousalligators.Don'tworry.There'saboardwalkthatgoesacrossthemarsh,soyoucanlookdownattheanimalsinthewaterfromasafedistance.Theboardwalkishighenoughtogiveyouagreatviewofthesawgrassprairie.Fromtherewe'llheadatsomeothermarshyandevenjungle-likeareasthatfeaturewonderfultropicalplantlife.Forthoseofyouwho'dtikeacloseviewofthesawgrassprairie,youmightconsiderrunningacanoesometimeduringyourvisithere.However,(31)don'tdothisunlessyouhaveaverygoodsenseofdirectionandcannegotiateyourwaythroughtallgrass.Wehatetohavetocomelookingforyou.Youhaveagoodfortuneofbeinghereinthewinter,thebesttimeoftheyeartovisit.(32)Duringthespringandsummerthemosquitoeswilljustabouttoeatyoualive.Rightnow,theyarenotsobothersome,butyou'llsoonwanttouseaninsectrepellent.

(27)

A.Allkindsofrocks.

B.Waterfallsandhills.

C.Plantsandanimals.

D.Carnivals.

36.(25)

A.Knowthelimitofyourtemper.

B.Tellthemdon'tdothesamethingsagain.

C.Givethemrewardtobehavewell.

D.Pretendtobeunawareofwhathappened.

37.听力原文：W:Ifthetrafficwasn'theldupforsolong,Iwouldhavebeentoclassbyteno'clock.

M:It'stoobadyoudidn'tmakeit.Theprofessorwaslookingforyouallmorning.

Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?

(15)

A.Shehadabadcold.

B.Shehadacaraccident.

C.Shegothomebefore10o'clock.

D.Shewasdelayed.

38.(36)

A.Moregoodswereproducedthanneeded.

B.Lessgoodswereproducedthanneeded.

C.Immigrantwomencouldn'tenjoytherightofeducational.

D.Immigrantwomenraisedalotofchildren.

39.(35)

A.Helaughedatthepolice.

B.Helookedforwardtogoingtoprison.

C.Hetookhisbottleswithhim.

D.Hewentwiththepolicewithoutastruggle.

40.(45)

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Theadvancedcommunicationtoolsenabletheworkingmotherstodayto________.

A.bemoreefficientatfinishingtheirtasks

B.talktotheirfamilieswithoutleavingtheworkingplaces

C.dopartoftheirworkoutsidetheirworkingplaces

D.easilyfindusefulinformationfortheirwork

42.

Aferretisprobablyakindof______.

A.tameanimal

B.fierceanimal

C.lovelyanimal

D.tamableanimal

43.

Whatisthebesttitleforthisarticle?

A.CulturalImportanceinAdvertising.

B.InternationalCompanies'TranslationMistakes.

C.AvoidanceofCultureOversightsinAdvertising.

D.PreventionofTranslationBlunders.

44.Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.

DaysafterclaysmymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.

Accountabilityisn'thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.

Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogetherhonesty,kindness,andsoonaccountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolawand,ultimately,nosociety.

Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople'sbehavior.arefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.

Fortunatelytherearestillcommunitiessmallertowns,usuallywhereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaim:"In"thisfamilycertainthingsarenottoleratedtheysimplyarenotdone!

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasgone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.

Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn'tprovideastablehome.

Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,webecomeasocietyofendlessexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat______.

A.it'sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil

B.it'scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit

C.it'sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil

D.it'sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil

45.

LatertheVSPmanufacturerslaunchedanadvertisingcampaignforthepurposeof______.

A.aimingatmiddleclassusers

B.competingwithmanufacturersofothertypesofcars

C.sellingtheirproductstomorecountrypeople

D.winningalargershareinthecarmarket

46.CEOAkioToyodaseemedtoadmitthatToyotabetrayeditstraditionofputting______attoppriority.

47.

Whichofthefollowisthemostsuitabletothetitleforthispassage?

A.DNAandHeredity.

B.TheGeneticRevolution.

C.ABiomedicalRevolution.

D.HowtoApplyGeneticTechnology.

48.

ThepossibilityfortheHousetopasstheproposalisfurtherreducedbythepoliticalfactorthat______.

A.BushhaslostsupportintheHouse

B.BushhassomeopponentsintheHouse

C.theHousetendstodisagreewithpresidents

D.theHousethinksitunrealistictosealtheborder

49.

TheexampleofArpadPusztaiisusedtoillustrate______.

A.publicignoranceofthepotentialrisksinGEfood

B.theroleofTVinpublicizingscientificknowledge

C.theimportanceofscientificfindingstoscientificresearch

D.thethreatfacedbyindependentscience

50.Theword"demographic"(Line4,Para.1)means______.

A.statisticsofhuman

B.surroundingsstudy

C.accumulationofhuman

D.developmentofhuman

51.Thecivilization(文化)oftheRenaissancewasthecreationofprosperouscitiesandofrulerswhodrewsubstantialincomefromtheirurbansubjectsintheItaliancitystatesandthecountriesofEnglandandFrance.ThecommercethatkeptcitiesalivealsoprovidedthecapitalandtheflowofideasthathelpedbuildRenaissanceculture.DuringtheearlyMiddleAgesforeigntradehadvirtuallycometoahalt.Bythe11thcentury,however,populationgrowthandcontactwithotherculturesthroughmilitaryeffortssuchastheCrusades(十字军东征)helpedrevivecommercialactivity.TradeslowlyincreasedwiththeexchangeofluxurygoodsintheMediterraneanregionandvariouscommoditiessuchasfish,furs,andmetalsacrosstheNorthandBalticseas.Commercesoonmovedinland,bringingnewopulencetothecitizensoftownsalongmajortraderoutes.Astrafficalongtheseroutesincreased,existingsettlementsgrewandnewoneswereestablished.

ThecitiesofItalywerelocatedbetweenwesternEuropeandtheareaalongtheeasternshoreoftheMediterraneanSeaknownastheLevant.Italy'sleadershipintheRenaissancewasdueinparttoitscentrallocationfortrade.Thecitiesbecameimportantandwealthycommercialcenters,andtherichescollectedbythemerchantsofVenice,Genoa,Milan,andahostofsmallercitiessupportedItaly'spoliticalandculturalachievements.

ImportanttownsdevelopedbeyondItalyaswell.Especiallywiththeexpansionoftrade,townsgrewalongtheDanubeandRhineriversofEurope;aroundtheNorthSeaandtheBalticSea;andintheLowCountriesofBelgium,LuxembourgandtheNetherlandswherenorthernandsoutherntraderoutesmet.Whereverthesetownswerelocated,theybecameauniqueelementinamedievalworldthatuptothistimewasdominatedbyseignorialism(领主制),anagriculturalsysteminwhichtheprimaryeconomicandpoliticalrelationshipwasbetweenlandownersandtheirtenants.

TheRenaissance______.

A.wasanideologicalmovementthroughouttheworld

B.tookplaceinItalyonly

C.wasoriginatedinItaly

D.wasinfluentialinmostEuropeancountries

52.

Accordingtoanimal-behavior.experts,thepetscanbeconditionedthrough______.

53.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatelectricresponseaudiometrywouldbeespeciallyrecommendedfor______.

A.athree-year-oldgirlwhohasanearache

B.anoldmanwhocupshiseartoear

C.ayoungchildwhodoesnottalk

D.arockmusicianwhoplaysthedrums

54.

Theoristsaimatmakingnon-theoristsdosomeresearchabout______withintheframeworksetbythem.

55.

【C3】

56.Theestimatesofthenumbersofhome-schooledchildrenvarywidely.TheU.S.DepartmentofEducationestimatesthereare250,000to350,000home-schooledchildreninthecountry.Homeschooladvocatesputthenumbermuchhigherataboutamillion.

Homeschooladvocatestakeaharshattitudetowardhomeschoolers,perceivingtheiractionsastheultimateslapinthefaceforpubliceducationandadamagingmoveforthechildren.Homeschoolersharborfewkindwordsforpublicschools,chargingshortcomingsthatrangefromlackofreligiousperspectiveinthecurriculumtoaherdlikeapproachtoteachingchildren.

Yet,aspublicschoolofficialsrealizetheystandlittletogainbyremaininghostiletothehomeschoolpopulation,andashomeschoolersrealizetheycanreapbenefitsfrompublicschools,thesehardlinesseemtobesofteningabit.

Publicschoolsandhomeschoolershavemovedclosertotolera