2020年高考英语二轮复习资料专题14阅读理解（押题专练）含答案

专题14阅读理解

Afterbeingbornattheendof1932,MrCameronSeniorsufferedalotwithbothlegs

shortenedbelowthekneeandhisfeettwisted.Hewentundernumerousoperationstoeasehispain,

andeventuallybothlimbs（下肢）hadtobecutoff.Butdespitehisdisabilityandlaterlosingthe

sightinoneeye,MrCameronSeniorstillgainedasuccessfulcareerasastockbroker（股票经名己

人）.

AftermovingtoEnglandfromScotlandasachild,hemarriedMaryandthecoupleraised

fourchildrenatthefamilyhomeinPeasemore,Berks.

InaninterviewwithTheDailyTelegraphtwoyearsago,theToryleaderdescribedthe

experienceofgrowingupwithafatherwithadisability.Hetoldhowoncetheywereonholidayin

Cornwall,heoverheardsomeonerudelysaying："Thatguy'swearingfimnyboots."Mr

Cameron（英国前任首相卡梅伦）saidhethoughttohimself,"That'sodd,nooneeversaysthat.^^

InanITVinterviewbeforethegeneralelection,MrCameronsaidofhisfather,"He'san

amazinglybravemanbecausehewasbornwithnoheels-quiteadisability.Buttheglasswithhim

washalf-full,normallywithsomethingalcoholic,IthinkIgotmysenseofoptimismfrom

MrCameronalsoappearedwithhisparentsataneventandsaidthattheyunderstoodhisidea

for“ABigSociety”.

“TheyshowedmehowabigsocietycouldworkeverydayIwasgrowingup,“hesaid,"I

knowwhataremyresponsibilities.^^MrCameronSenior'sdisabilityisnotthoughttohaveplayed

anypartinhisdeathaged77.Friendssaidhewas“soproud,,toseehissonbecomePrimeMinister

inMay,andhadvisited10DowningStreetandChequers.However,thefamily'svariousholiday

plansmeantthathedidnotgettomeethislatestgranddaughterFlorence,whowasdeliveredtothe

PM'swifeSamanthalastmonth.

语篇解读本文主要介绍了英国前任首相卡梅伦的父亲，一位身有残疾却凭着坚韧毅力

取得非凡成就的股票经纪人。

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ThelifeandcharacterofMrCameronSenior.

B.Ahugeherofigureintheeyesofson.

C.ThenewlyelectedPrimeMinister.

D.Adisabledfatherandhiscareer.

2.Inthetext,theunderlinedpart"theToryleader^^inParagraph3refersto"

A.MrCameronSenior

B.TheDailyTelegraph

C.aleaderinthegovernment

D.FormerPrimeMinisterDavidCameron

3.WhenMrCameronheardtherudewords,.

A.heexplodedwithangerallofasudden

B.hethoughtthemanwastoofoolish

C.hewasshockedandunabletounderstand

D.heexpecteditalongtimeago

4.AccordingtoMrCameron,“ABigSociety,,means"

A.peopletakeuptheirdutiesinthesociety

B.therearenumbersoffamiliesinthesociety

C.muchfreedomwillbeofferedtothepeople

D.manyeventswilltakeplaceinthefuture

5.Fromthelastparagraphwecanknowthat.

A.FlorencewasadoptedbythePM'swife

B.thedisabilitycausedMrCameronSeniordeath

C.MrCameronSeniorlivedin10DowningStreet

D.MrCameronSeniortookaprideinhavingsuchason

二、

EnriqueIglesiasisamostsuccessfulsinger!Bornin1975inMadrid,Spain,Enriqueisthe

childofthefamoussingerJulioIglesias.Enrique^motherisajoumalist.Hisparentsdivorcedin

1978.AlthoughEnriquelivedwithhismother,shesenthimtolivewithhisfatherbecauseof

concernsaboutherson'ssafety.Enriquewantedtobeasingersecretly,hedidn'twishhisfatherto

knowthatanddidn'twanttoliveunderhisshelter.Hesoughthisdreamonhisown.

Enriquereleased（发行）hisfirstalbum“EnriqueIglesias5*in1995.Thisalbumhada

collectionofrockballads（民谣）andfivesinglesfromitwentstraighttothetopspotsinLatin

music.Thisalbumwasfollowedbyanother“Vivir”in1997.Threesinglesfromthisalbum

occupiedthetopspotsontheLatinchartsyetagain!Enriquealsofoundhimselfnominated（提名）

forthe"FavoriteLatinArtist"attheAmericanMusicAwards.By1998,hehadreleasedhis3rd

album,€lCosasDelAmor".ThisyearEnriquewonthe“FavoriteLatinArtist"."Bailamos“gothim

greatfame.Oneofthesongsinthisalbumwasalsousedinamovie.Withthesuccessof

“Bailamos"，Enriquenowalreadyhadmanyloyalfans.Thealbum,“Enrique"，wasreleasedin

1999.

Theyear2001broughtmoresuccessforhim.Hisalbum,“Escape"hadafewsinglesthat

reachedthetopspots.Enriquebecameahouseholdname.Thisalbumishisbiggestsuccessful

albumsofhr."Hero"and"Don'tTurnOfftheLights“soonturnedEnriqueintoasuperstar.His

nextreleasein2002wasaSpanishalbum"Quizas”.ThisalbumbroughtEnriquea“Latin

GrammyAward"fortheBestPopVbcalAlbum.In2007,hereleasedanotheralbum"Insomniac”

andthesong“DoYouKnow“becameaninstantlypopularsong.

语篇解读本文讲述了西班牙歌手安立奎・伊格莱希亚斯的个人经历。

6.Afterhisparentsdivorced,Enriquewassenttohisfather'sbecause.

A.hecouldbeprotectedfromsomedangers

B.hecouldlearnsingingfromhistalentedfather

C.hismotherwouldbeabletofocusonhercareer

D.hisfathercouldteachhimhowtobehavecorrectly

7.Enriquedidn'ttellhisfatherabouthisdreamingofbecomingasingerbecause

he.

A.wantedtotryanewsingingstyle

B.hatedhisfatherforhiscarelessness

C.didn'twanttobenefitfromhisfather'sfame

D.plannedtogivehisfatherasurprisewhenhesucceeded

8.Whichofthefollowingalbumshasasongadoptedinamovie?

A."Vivir”.

B.”Bailamos".

C."EnriqueIglesias”.

D.”CosasDelAmor”.

9.Thethirdparagraphisdevelopedmainlyby.

A.followingtheorderofhisalbums9influence

B.analyzingthestyleofhisalbums

C•makingcomparisonsofhisalbums

D.followingtheorderoftime

10.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.EnriqueIglesias'LuckyLife

B.BiographyofEnriqueIglesias

C.EnriqueIglesias'SecrettoSuccess

D.EnriqueIglesias5WonderfulSingingSkills

三、

It'shardtofindAliceMunrointhemedia.Evenaftershewonthe2013NobelPrizein

Literature,theCanadianwriterjustappearedforaquickinterviewandthendroppedoutof

sight.OnDec29th,shestilldidn'tseekthespotlightwhenshewasnamedoneofthefiveWomen

oftheYearbytheFinancialTimes.

InMunro'seyes,ordinarylivesalwayshidelargerdramas.Sosherecordswhatwecasually

thinkofastheeverydayactionsofnormalpeople.Sheoftenfocusesonlifeinherhometown,a

smallvillageinOntariowhichsheismostfamiliarwith.Shewritesabouttheordinarythingsinthe

village—treesintheOntariowilderness,poorcountryschoolsandlonglastillnesses.AbovealL

shetalksaboutgirlsandwomenwhohaveseeminglyordinarylivesbutstruggleagainstdaily

misfortune.

Shehasaspecialtalentforuncoveringtheextraordinaryintheordinary.Theseareordinary

people,ordinarystories,butshehasthemagic.Herpreciselanguage,depthofdetailandthelogic

ofherstorytellinghavemadeherstoriesinviting.

Runaway,oneofMunro'srepresentativeworks,isagoodexampleofherwritingstyle.One

ofthestoriescentersonthelifeofanordinarywomanCarla,wholivesinasmallCanadiantown

withherhusbandClark.ThestoryslowlyformsapictureofCarla,trappedinabadmarriage,her

unhappinessbuildingintodesperationuntilshedecidestoflee.ThestoryofCarlaisastoryofthe

powerandbetrayalsoflove.Itisaboutlostchildrenandlostchancesthatwecanallfindin

life.Thereispainbeneaththesurface,likeaneedleintheheart.

Sinceshepublishedherfirstcollectionofshortstoriesin1968,Munrohaswonmanyawards,

withtheNobelPrizebeingherbiggesthonor.OnOct10lh,2013,theNobelPrizecommitteenamed

Munrothe“masterofthecontemporaryshortstory”.

语篇解读本文介绍了AliceMunro及其创作风格。

11.WelearnfromParagraph1thatAliceMunro.

A.didn'tgetonwellwiththemedia

B.wassurprisedatwinningtheNobelPrize

C.didn'tvaluethetitleofWomenoftheYear

D.remainedmodestthoughverysuccessful

12.ManyofAliceMunro'sworks.

A.centeronthehappylifeofcountrywomen

B・areaboutbetrayalsofloveandviolence

C.focusoneverydaylifeofordinarypeople

D.areromanticstoriessetinherhometown

13.WhatmakesAliceMunro'sstoriesfascinatingaccordingtothetext?

A.Thecomplicatedplots.

B.Herrichimagination.

C.Thehumorouslanguage.

D.Herwritingtechniques.

14.InherrepresentativeworkRunaway,Carla.

A.triestorunawayfromherhusband

B.isafaithfulwifetoherhusband

C.leadsahappylifewithClark

D.losesallhopesforabetterlife

15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.AliceMunroandherhometown.

B.AliceMunroandherwritingstyle.

C.AliceMunro'srepresentativeworks.

D.TheawardsAliceMunrowon.

四、

Since2011,theformerrailwayengineerhasbeendrivingaroundthecityeverysingleday,

lookingforabandonedtar（柏油）andgravel（碎石）onroadsides.Hecollectsthematerialanduses

ittofillpotholes（坑洼），attimesspendinghisownpensionmoneytodoit.Tilak,earninghimself

thenickname“roadengineer"，doesn'trestricthimselftohisneighborhood—hepatchesupevery

potholehecanfindinthecity.

"AfterworkingfortheSouthCentralRailwayinIndiafor35years,IretiredinOctober2008

andspentsometimeoffin2009,alsotravelingtotheUStomeetmyson,“Tilaktoldthelocal

media.4tInJanuary2010,Icamebackandtookupajobasaconsultantinasoftwareagency.^^

“IwasdrivingtomyfirstdayofofficewhenIendedupsplashingdirtymudwateronschool

childrenaftermycarfellintoapotholeontheroad,”herecalled/'Thenafewmoreaccidents

followedatvariousplaces."Hekeptexplainingtothepolicethattheseaccidentswouldn'thave

occurrediftheroadshadbeensmooth.Butthenhewitnessedamajoraccidentthatchanged

everything.

Tilakdecidedtotakechargeofmattershimself.46Afterthat,Iquitmyjobandforthenext

yeartillJune2012,Ispentmypensionmoneyinfixingroads,“hesaid.

Tilak'swifewasworriedabouthishealthandcalledhissontotalksomesenseintohim.But

thesonwassoimpressedthatheendeduphelpingTilakinstead,bysettingupawebsiteand

Facebookpage.Asmoreandmoreresidentsgottoknowofit,theybegantoshowupandhelp

Tilakfixthecity'spotholes.Today,theyevenhaveahelplinewherepeoplecancalltocomplain

aboutpotholesintheirareas.

Tilak'ssonalsomanagedtogetthegovernmentontheirside.Tilakdoesn'tacceptdonations,

butheencouragespeopletojoininthephysicalwork.Hehopesthatwithmediaattention,hecan

inspireachangeintheattitudeofthegeneralpublic.Hebelievesthatthe“nothing-can-be-done”

attitudeiswhatlimitsalotofpeopleinthecity,andhewantsthattochange.

语篇解读文章主要讲述了Tilak在印度中南部铁路工作了35年，退休回到家后继续

用自己的钱修复破坏的公路的事。

16.WhatwasTilak'smission?

A.Togetpaidlittleforhiswork.

B.Tobuytarandgraveltofixroads.

C.Torecyclematerialstomendroads.

D.Togetfinancialhelpfromthegovernment.

17.WhatmadeTilaktakeupthejobtofixroads?

A.Loveforchildren.

B.Astrongsenseofsocialresponsibility.

C.Apassiontomakecontributionstosociety.

D.Eagernesstoreturntowork.

18.WhatistherightdescriptionaboutTilak?

A.Hebegantofixroadsfromhisretirement.

B•Hetookupthejobasaconsultantfor3years.

C.Heextendedhismissiontootherneighbors.

D.HewasoncearailwayengineerworkingintheUS.

19.WhatdoesTilakencouragepeopletodo?

A.Takeactiontomakeadifference.

B.Quittheirjobstoservetheirneighbors.

C.Fillpotholestobeanother4troaddoctor”.

D.Takepartinthephysicalworkbutnotbrainwork.

20.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheThingThatEveryoneShouldHave一WarmHeart

B.TheStrongestSupportIsfromFamilyMembers

C.TheRetirementIsNottheEndofCareer

D.TheRespectableManIsWorthyofHisName—RoadDoctor

五、

Doyoueverwishforalittlemoretimetodoeverythingyouneedtodo?Well,onJuly1

yoirilbegettingit-butonlyonemoresecond.

OnJuly1atexactly7：59：59a.m.Beijingtime(oronJune30at23：59：59UTC,

CoordinatedUniversalTime),theworld'satomic(原子的)clockswillpauseforasinglesecond,

or,moreprecisely,changetotheunusualtimeof7：59：60,accordingto.The

additionofaleapsecond（闰秒），announcedbytheParisObservatory,istokeepourclocksintime

withtheslowingofEarth'srotation（旋转）andastronomicaltimeasmeasuredbythesun.

Justoneextrasecondcouldcausebigproblemsandaffectthewaycomputersandwebsites

work,however.Whenthelastleapsecondwasaddedbackin2012,morethanafewwebsiteshad

sometrouble.AsreportedbyP,popularsiteslikethecommunitywebsiteRedditcrashed

whentheleapsecondwasadded.

ForReddit,theproblemwaseventuallyfoundtobewithaLinuxsystemthatgotconfused

whenitcheckedthenetworktimeandfoundanextrasecond.

SpeakingtoWiredabouttheproblembackin2012,LinuxcreatorLinusTorvaldscommented：

“Almosteverytimewehavealeapsecond,wefindsomething.It5sreallyannoying,becauseit's

coded弋码）thatisalmostneverused,andthusnottestedbyusersundertheirnonnalconditions.^^

Companieshavehadtothinkoftheirownsolutions,andGoogle's"leapsmear^^maybethe

best-knownexample.AscompanyengineerChristopherPascoeexplainsinablogpost,companies

usuallytrytofixtheproblembyturningbacktheclocksbyonesecondattheendofthedayso

thattheyplaythatsecondagain.

However,Pascoebelievesthiscreatesproblems.Heasked：”Whathappens?Doese-mailthat

comesinduringthatsecondgetstoredcorrectly?”

Googlehasasolution：Cuttheextrasecondintomillisecondsandthenpultheselinyamounts

oftimeintothesystemthroughouttheday."Thismeansthatwhenitbecametimetoaddanextra

secondatmidnight,"saysPascoe/'Ourclockshavealreadytakenthisintoaccountoverthecourse

oftheday.^^

FormanycompanieswithoutGoogle'smoney,however,theleapsecondwilllikelystill

causesomecrashes.Don?tworry,though——atleastitwon'tlastlong!

语篇解读本文主要介绍了“闰秒”带来的影响及其解决方

案。

1.Whydoweneedtoaddaleapsecond?

A.Theworld'satomicclocksaresettodoso.

B.Tokeepintimewiththeworld'scomputers.

C.TokeepatomicclocksintimewiththeslowingofEarth'srotation.

D.Torecordthechangestoastronomicaltime.

2.WhathappenedtothewebsiteRedditwhentheleapsecondwasaddedin2012?

A.Itcrashedbecauseofavirusattack.

B•Itsnetworktimeaddedtwoextraseconds.

C.AllofthecodeinitsLinuxsystemwentwrong.

D.Oneofitssoftwaresystemsgotconfusedandthesitebrokedown.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"something“refertointhe5thparagraph?

A.Thecodenotworkingproperly.

B.Theextrasecond.

C.Theproblem.

D.Normalconditions.

4.Howdocompaniesusuallydealwiththeproblemoftheextrasecond?

A.Byshuttingdowncomputersattheendoftheday.

B.Bystoppingreceivingemailsthatcomeinduringthatsecond.

C.Byturningtheclocksbackbyonesecondattheendoftheday.

D.Bycuttingtheextrasecondintomillisecondsthroughouttheday.

5.What'sChristopherPascoe'sattitudetowardGoogle'ssolutiontotheproblem?

A.Unfavorable.B.Doubtful.

C.Approving.D.Cautious.

六、

Soapingupyourhandsmaydomorethanjustgetridofgerms.ltmaywashawaytheinner

confusionyoufeelrightafterbeingforcedtomakeachoicebetweentwoappealingchoices,

accordingtoanewstudy.Thestudybuildsonpastresearchintoaphenomenonknownas"the

Macbetheffect”.

ItturnsoutthatShakespearewasreallyontosomethingwhenheimaginedLadyMacbeth

tryingtocleanherconscience（良心）byrubbinginvisiblebloodstainsfromherhands.Afewyears

ago,scientistsaskedpeopletodescribeapastwrongact.Ifpeoplewerethengivenachanceto

cleantheirhands,theylaterexpressedlessguiltthanpeoplewhohadn'tcleaned.

ThisfindingfascinatedW.S.Lee,aresearcher.“Anythingfromthepast,anykindofnegative

emotionalexperiences,mightbewashedaway,"saysLee.

Hedecidedtotesthandwashing'seffectononekindofbadfeeling：thetensionwefeelafter

beingforcedtochoosebetweentwoattractivechoices,becausepickingonechoicemakesusfeel

thatwe'velosttheother.Peopleusuallytrytocalmthisinnerconflictbylaterexaggerating（夸大）

thepositiveaspectsoftheirchoice.

Hehadstudentsrank10differentmusicCDs.ThenheofferedstudentsoneCDasagift.Some

studentsthenusedliquidsoap.Othersonlylookedatthesoaporsniffed（嗅）it."Actually,youdo

notneedwaterandsoap,"saysLee.

Later,thestudentsagainhadtorankallthemusic.Peoplewhodidn'twashtheirhandshad

thenormalresponse—theyscoredtheirtake-homeCDhigher,suggestingthattheynowsawitas

evenmoreattractivethanbefore.Butthiswasn'ttrueforthehandwashers.Theyrankedthemusic

aboutthesame/'Theyfeelnoneedatalltojustifythechoice,“saysLee.

Buttheimplicationsofitjustaren'tclear.Schwarzsaysit'stoosoontoknowwhetherpeople

shouldheadforasinkaftermakingatoughchoice.Hesayswashingmayhelpdecision-makersby

cleaningawaymentaldisorder,butperhapsiftheydon'tgothroughtheusualpost-decision

processofjustifyingtheirchoice,theymightfeelmoresorrowinthelongrun.

语篇解读本文主要讲述了用香皂洗手会帮助人们缓解作决定时的紧张与不安的

情绪。

6.TheMacbetheffectreferstothefactthat.

A.peoplefeellessashamedafterwashingtheirhands

B.soapingupone'shandmayhelpwashawaytheinnerconfusionandmakeadecision

C.peoplefeellessguiltybygettingridofinvisiblegermsfromtheirhands

D.ShakespearedidscientificresearchbeforewritingMacbeth

7.AccordingtoLee,afterpeoplemakethechoice.

A.theywilloverstatethegoodnessoftheirchosenchoice

B.theywillfeelregretfulfornotchoosinganother

C.theywillfeelfreeduetothefeelingoflosingtheotherchoice

D.theywillthinknothingoftheirchosenchoiceanymoretocalmtheirinnerconflict

8.AccordingtoLee,thosehandwashersconsiderjustifyingtheirchoice.

A.morescientificB.unnecessary

C.alittleconvincingD.absolutelyuseless

9.WhatdoesSchwarzneedtoresearchmore?

A.Whetherpeopleneedtojustifytheirchoice.

B.Whetherpeoplefeelmoresorrowafterwashinghands.

C.Whetherwashinghandshelpoveralongperiodoftime.

D.Whetherwashinghandsishelpfultomakeachoice.

10.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.IsWashingHandsNecessarytoDefeatTension?

B.WashingHandsWashesOurMind

C.WashingHandsHelpsMakeaBetterChoice

D.WashingHandsReducestheStressofDecision

七、

Youknowthesaying"You'reasyoungasyoufeeF\Well,theremaybesometruthinthat,

accordingtoresearchersatHarvardandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.

EllenLanger,aHarvardpsychologistwhostudieshowthemindinfluencesthebody,andher

colleaguesreviewedthescientificliteratureforevidencethataperson'scerceplionoftheirage

mightinfluencetheirhealth.TheypublishedtheirresultsinthejournalPerspectiveson

PsychologicalScience.

InonestudythatLangerled,47womenhadtheirhairdone.Thewomenwhothoughttheir

newhairdos（发型）madethemlookyoungerdidlookyoungertoobjectiveobservers,whowere

shownbefore-and-afterpictures.Thewomenwhothoughttheylookedyoungeralsoshowedadrop

inbloodpressure.Anotherstudyinvolving4,421menfoundthatthosewhobecamebald（秃顶）at

arelativelyyoungageweremorelikelytogetcancerandheartdiseasethanmenwhodid

not.Similarly,anotherstudyinvolving2,017menfoundthatthosewholosttheirhairearlywere

morelikelytodevelopheartdisease/'Webelievethatthefeelingsassociatedwithbeingolderthan

one'srealageaccountfbrsomeofthesehealthoutcomes,“theresearcherswrote.

Theresearchersalsodescribedstudieswhichfoundthatwomenwhohadchildrenlaterinlife

weremorelikelytobehealthierandlivelongerthanthosewhohadchildrenearly,whichthey

attributedtothefactthatthesemotherstendtospendmoretimewithyoungerwomen.Similarly,

peoplewhomarryyoungerpartnerstendtolivelongerthanthosewhomarryolderpartners,

accordingtootherstudies.

Takentogether,theresearchsupportsthegeneralmind-bodyhypothesis（假说）thatwhena

youngermindisprepared,ayoungerbodycanaccompanyit.Whilethemechanism（机制）remains

unclear,theresearchersfiguredthatsuggestionsassociatedwithagingcanmakeone

unconsciouslyorconsciouslyawareofoldageandsetinmotionaseriesofphysiological

processesthatcanhaverealeffectsonshort-termandlong-termhealth.

语篇解读本文为说明文，题材为科普知识类。觉得自己更年轻的人更健康也活得更长。

11.Theunderlinedword“perception“inParagraph2means"

A.viewB.appearance

C.influenceD.creation

12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Bloodpressureiscloselyrelatedtohairdos.

B.Feelingolderthanone'srealagemaybetiedtohealthproblems.

C.Gettingcancerorheartdiseaseisthecauseofhairlosing.

D.Thewomenwholovehairdoslookyoungerthanthosewhodon't.

13.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that.

A.ayoungermotherismorelikelytolivelonger

B.theyoungeroneofacouplelivesmuchlonger

C.oftenstayingwithyoungerpeoplecanbenefitpeople'shealth

D.peoplewhowanttolivelongerneedtomarryyoung

14.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.

A.gettingbaldtooearlyisnotgoodforhealth

B•womenhadbettergivebirthlaterintheirlife

C.peoplewhomarryyoungerpartnerstendtolivelonger

D.people'sviewoftheiragemayhaveaneffectontheirownhealth

15.Fromwhichpageofanewspaperisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Entertainment.B.Health.

C.Economy.D.Politics.

八、

Whenyouwanttothrowsomethingoutas“junk"，bettertakeasecondthoughtasitmaybe

ofgreatvalue.Infact,scientistsmadethesamemistakewithDNAyearsago,andnowtheyare

tryingtogelilright.

WeoftensaythatDNAisakindofacidthatcontainsourgenes.Butthetruthisthatgenes

onlymakeup1to2percentofourDNA,whichcausedscientiststobelievethattherestofitis

useless.

Nevertheless,insteadofdoingnothing,junkDNA,asitiscalled,turnedouttobeplaying

animportantpartinourbody.Ifgenesarelikelightbulbs,thenjunkDNAactsasswitches.

Theycontrolwhichgenesareusedinacellandhowactivetheyare.Forexample,theycan

determinewhetheracellbecomesalungcelloraneuron（神经元）.

Thestudy,publishedinthejournalNatureonSeptember5,startedin2003,and442scientists

from30labsaroundtheworldwereinvolved,accordingtoReuters.ltisconsideredthebiggest

breakthroughingenomics（基因学）inadecadebecauseitmighthelpscientistsfindthecauseof

certaindiseases.

Ithaslongbeenknownthatmanycomplicateddiseases,suchascancer,arecausedbytiny

changesinDNA.Butnowscientistsrealizethatmostofthechangesoccurnotinthegenes

themselves,butinthe’junk"partoftheDNA.Theyareabletokeeptrackofhowandwhythe

switcheschangeandthenfigureoutnewtreatmentsanddrugs.

“OurformerunderstandingofDNAwaslikegettingapictureofEarthfromspace,“Eric

LanderfromtheBroadInstitute,US,toldTheNewYork77〃?es."Youknowtheplanetisthere,

butyoucannotseeexactlywhatit'slikeonthesurface.^^

Butnowwiththenewstudyresult"youcanfollowtheroadsandseethetraffic

circulation.That^exactlythesamewaywewillusethisdataincancerresearch,"explainedMark

RubinfromWeillCornellMedicalCollegeinNewYork.

语篇解读本文主要介绍了垃圾DNA其实在我们的身体中也扮演着重要的角色。

16.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.DNA一TheCauseofCancer

B.WhatIsDNA?

C.ANewDiscoveryfor“JunkDNA”

D.AMisunderstandingofGenes

17.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getitright“inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.DiscoveringnewtypesofDNA.

B.RecognizingtheimportanceofjunkDNA.

C.UnderstandingtherolegenesplayinDNA.

D.TellingusefulDNAfromuselessone.

18.TheauthorexplainshowdifferentpartsofDNAworkby.

roducingageneraltheory

b.makingametaphor（比口俞）

c.givingexamples

d.displayingresearchdata

A.a,cB.b,c

C.a,dD.c,d

19.Theresultsofthestudymentionedinthearticleshowthat.

A.canceriscausedbytinychangesingenesthemselves

B.thestudyofjunkDNAislessimportantthanthestudyofgenes

C.changesinjunkDNAdonotaffectgenes

D.junkDNAisveryimportantforthefunctioningofourcells

20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightMarkRubinagreewith?

A.Thefindingsofourgenesareenoughtofightagainstcancer.

B.Thebattleagainstcancerwillbewonwithintwoyears.

C.ThefindingsofjunkDNAthrowlightonhowwemightcurecancer.

D.ThenewtreatmentsanddrugswillchangejunkDNAquickly.

九、

Airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreseriousinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthat

publicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen,open

spaces.And,inthesesurroundings,theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.ltisraretosee

peoplebeingatoddsorevenfightinginagarden.ltseemstobeprovedthatifhumanbeingscan

fr