2019年北京高考英语真题(含答案)

第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)

第一节语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分,

共15分)

1个适当阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未

给提示词的空白处仅填写的单词，在给出提示词的

空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythe

doorwithbutterfliesinmy

stomach.I(1)(voice)mybiggestconcern

tomymother,HowwillImake

friends?Shehandedmeadvice,Beyourself.

Forthepast20,1haveyearslived

bythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecome

partoftherealworld.Nervously(2)

(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto

(3)(I)thetwosimple

words“Beyourself”.

B

EarthDay,(4)(mark)on22April,isan

annualeventaimingtoraise

publicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.

Firstcelebrated(5)1970,

theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190

countriesandregions地(区).

Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytoget

involvedin

various(6)

(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree,make

amealwithlocally

grownvegetables,orsavepower—the

possibilitiesareendless.

C

Doesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreally

matter?Researchonthequestion

(7)(suggest)that,formoststudents,it

doesn't.Whatstudentsdoatcollege

seemstomattermuchmorethan(8)they

go.Thestudentsbenefittingmost

fromcollegearethose(9)aretotally

engaged(参与)inacademiclife,taking

fulladvantageofthecolleges5chancesand

resources(资源).Studentsshouldhavea

properattitudetowardscollegebeforethinking

aboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit's

nevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsfor

ahealthyand(10)(meaning)

collegeexperience.

正确答案：

1.voiced2.facing3.myself4.marked5.in

6.activities7.suggests/suggested/has

suggested8.where

9.who/that10.meaningful

第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分,

共30分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、

C、D四个选项中，选出

最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,Paul

Wilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhis

neighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclasseson

time.A

retiredengineer,76-year-oldWilsonhas

been(11)freeridesto

collegestudentsforthepasteightyears.Since

hefirststarted(12)hiscarto

theyoungpeople,Wilsonhas(13)an

astonishing64,000miles,andhashad

countlesspleasantandoftenhumorous

(14)withthestudents.hetransportsto

andfromschool.Thestudentswhohe's

(15)havegoneontobecome

physicians,teachersandengineers,butwhatthey

'vealsogotoutoftheirtimein

schoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.

Somestudents(16)call

him“Grandpa.”

TinaStern(17)ridesfromWilsonforall

herfouryearsincollege,and

thetripsmeantmuchmoretoherthanjust

free(18)."Itnot5sjustaride:

you'renotjustsittingtherein(19)silence

orwithyourheadphoneson.Stern

said.“Heasksyouquestionsandactually

(20)theanswers,sothenexttime

youridewithhim,he'II(21)thosethings.”

Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthrougha

student-supportprogrammeofthe

non-profitorganisation,OnPointforCollege.

Althoughthe(22)asksthe

membersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheir

classes,Wilsonoftengoes

(23)toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthe

students.Iftheyhaveproblemswith

registration.Wilsonisthereto(24)them.Ifthey

runoutofcertaindailynecessities,

Wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreand

purchasewhat'sneeded.Ifastudentgets

hungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool,

Wilsonnever(25)tobuythem

ameal.

Formanystudents,Wilson'shelpisnotonly

appreciated,it'salsoentirely

(26)forthemtobeabletocompletetheir

collegeeducation.Somestudents

don'thaveareliablecar.whileothershaveto

(27)vehicleswithparentswho

worksixdaysaweek.Forthem,ridingwith

Wilsonhas(28)themtocomplete

theireducation—butaccordingtoWilson,he

benefitsjustasmuchfromthe

(29).“Ijustlovedriving,andlovelthesekids,”

Wilsonsaid."It'ssucha(n)

(30)tobeapartofthesekids'lives,evenjustfora

fewhours,gettingtoknowthem

andhearingtheirstories.”

C.offeringD.distributingB.sendingll.A.linking

D.volunteeringB.lending12.A.donatingC.

delivering

D.wandered13.A.pavedB.coveredC.measured

D.conversationsB.interviews.14.A.

argumentsCnegotiations

D.greetedC.addressedB.driven15.A.met

D.alreadyC.oncel6.A.evenB.ever

D.demanded17.A.earnedC.assessedB.

received

D.communication18.A.transportationB.styleC.

time

19.A.forcedD.suspiciousB.awkwardC.ridiculous

B.recitesA.selectsC.guessesD.remember20.

B.settleonD.agreeon21.A.actonC.checkon

B.leagueD.programeC.college22.A.club

B.aroundC.beyondD.forwards23.A.far

B.watch24.A.assistD.warnC.urge

B.attempt25.A.expertD.hesitatesC.manages

C.necessaryB.unusualD.adequate26.A.extra

C.repair27.D.exchangeB.fuelA.share

C.reminded28.A.requiredB.allowedD.convinced

29.A.experienceB.arrangement

C.appreciationD.employment

30.B.ambitionA.effortC.privilegeD.convenience

正确答案:

11-15CDBDB16-20ABABD21-25CDCAD

26-30CABAC

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选

项中，选出最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑.

A

Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleand

dosomethingworthwhileat

thesametime?YoucandoallthethreewithGlobal

DevelopmentAssociation（GDA）.

Whateverstageoflifeyou'reat,whereveryougo

andwhateverprojectyoudoin

GDA,you'llcreatepositivechangesinapoorand

remotecommunity（社区）.We

workwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.

Mostofourvolunteers

areaged17-24,Nowweneedvolunteer

managersaged25-75.Theyareextremely

importantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofour

programmes.Wehavesuchroles

asprojectmanagers,mountainleaders,and

communicationofficers.

Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcould

helptoincreaseacommunity's

accesstosafedrinkingwater,orhelptoprotect

valuablelocalcultures.Youmight

alsodesignanadventurechallengetotrain

youngvolunteers.

Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteersto

developpersonally,you'llalsolearn

newskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.

Youmayhavechancestomeetnew

peoplewho'llbecomeyourlifelongfriends.

Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-week

programmes:

Schedule

Country4-weekprogrammes7-week

programmes

Algeria5Jul.一1Aug.20Jun.一7Aug.

19Jun.—24Jul.—20Aug.Egypt6Aug.

18Jun.—5Aug.Kenya20Jul.—16Aug.

15Jun.一2Aug.29Aug.2Jul.一SouthAfrica

GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwith

communitymembersandlocal

projectpartnerswhereourhelpisneeded.Allour

projectsaimtopromotethe

developmentofpoorandremotecommunities.

ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.

Joinusasavolunteer

managertodevelopyourownskillswhilebringing

benefitstothecommunities.

FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:

Website:

Email:humanresources@

31.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteer

managers?

A.TDseeklocalpartners.

B.Totakeinyoungvolunteers.

C.lbcarryoutprogrammes.D.

TDfosterculturalawareness.

32.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwill

operatein.

A.Egypt

AlgeriaB.

KenyaC.

SouthAfrica

D.

33.ThesharedgoalofGDA'projectsis

to

A.explorenewcultures

B.protecttheenvironment

C.gaincorporatebenefits

D.helpcommunitiesinneedB

AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur（创业

者），whoin

May2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythe

timeshewas

13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollars

withthe

inventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsave

kids5teeth,

insteadofdestroyingthem.

ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.

Onthe

outing,shewasofferedacandybar.However,her

dadreminded

herthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.But

Moorewassickofmissingouton

candies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,

“Whycan'tImakeahealthy

candythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmy

parentscan'tsaynotoit?Withthatin

mind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstarther

owncandycompany.He

recommendedthatshedosomeresearchand

talktodentistsaboutwhata

healthiercandywouldcontain。

Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenext

twoyearsresearchingonlineand

conductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasboth

tastyandtooth-friendlyShealso

approacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteeth

cleaning.Consequently,she

succeededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusing

naturalsweeteners,whichcan

reduceoralbacteria.

Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusiness

offtheground.

Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirst

businessmeetingwitha

supermarketownerwhofinallyagreedtosell

Moore5sproduct-CanCandy.

AsCanCandy'ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore5s

credibilityasayoung

entrepreneur.Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandy

shecreated,and'she

alsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.

Shehopesthateverykidcanhave

acleanmouthandabroadsmile.

Meanwhile,withherparents'help,Mooreis

generallyabletoliveanormal

teenagelife.Althoughshefoundedhercompany

earlyoninlife,shewasnJtdriven

primarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseherunique

talenttohelpothersfindtheir

smiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy5sprofitsto

BigSmiles.Withhertalent

anddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbe

thelimitforAliceMoore.

34.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?

A.Shearguedwithhim.

B.Shetriedtofindawayout.

C.Shepaidnoattention.

D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.

35.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?

36.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?

A.Toearnmoremoney.

B."Tohelpothersfindsmiles.

C."Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatother

candycompanies.

37.WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMoore'sstory?

A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.

B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.

C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.

0.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesires

satisfied.

C

Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthat

manypeoplenowrefusetopick

upcallsfromnumberstheydon'tknow.Bynext

year,halfofthecallswereceivewill

bescams().Wearefinallywakinguptothe

severityoftheproblembysupporting诈欺and

developingagroupoftools,appsand

approachesintendedtopreventscammers

fromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoo

toolittlejate.Bythetimethese

solutions"()becomewidelyavailable,scammers

willhavemovedonto解决方案cleverermeans.In

thenearfuture,it'snotjustgoingtobethe

numberyouseeonyour

screenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalso

questionwhetherthevoice

you'rehearingisactuallyreal.

That'sbecausethereareanumberofpowerful

voicemanipulation()and理处automation

technologiesthatareabouttobecomewidely

availableforanyonetouse.

Atthisyear's1/0Conference,acompany

showedanewvoicetechnologyableto

producesuchaconvincinghuman-sounding

voicethatitwasabletospeaktoa

receptionistandbookareservationwithout

detection.

Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrent

problemswithrobocallsmuch

worse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadache

haslesstodowithamountthan

precision.Adecadeofdatabreaches()of

personalinformationhasledtoa数据侵入situation

wherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother's

name,andfarmore,Armed

withthisknowledge,they'reabletocarryout

individuallytargetedcampaignsto

cheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thata

scammercouldcallyoufromwhat

lookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusinga

voicethatsoundsexactlylike

yourbankteller5s,trickingyouintouconfirming”

youraddress,mother'sname,

andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney,so

companieswillbetheworsthit.Alot

ofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,andmuchof

itisbasedontrustandexisting

relationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmay

weakenthatgradually.

Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofour

telecomnetworks.Phone

carriersandconsumersneedtoworktogetherto

findwaysofdeterminand

communicatingwhatisreaLThatmightmean

eitherdevelopingauniformwaytomark

videosandimages,showingwhenandwhothey

weremadeby,orabandoning

phonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowards

data-basedcommunications-usingapps

likeFacetimeorWhatsapp,whichcanbetiedto

youridentity.

Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,and

theproblemisonlygoingto

getharderfromhereonout.

38.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutions

totheproblemofrobocalls?

A.Panicked.

B.Confused.

C.Embarrassed.

D.Disappointed

39.Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,

scammerscan.

A.aimatvictimsprecisely.

B.damagedatabaseseasily

C.startcampaignsrapidlyD.

spreadinformationwidely40.Whatdoesthe

passageimply?

41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle

forthepassage?

A.WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRooted

B.WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocalls

C.WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMore

Dangerous

D.HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldof

Technology

D

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld

'soceansw川bebluerand

greenerthankstoawarmingclimate,according

toanewstudy.

Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarine

microorganisms（海洋微生物）calledphytoplankton.

Becauseofthewaylightreflectsoffthe

organisms,these

phytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsatthe

oceansurface.Oceancolourvaries

fromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeand

concentrationofphytoplankton.

Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthof

phytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingit

inotherspots,leadingtochangesintheoceans

appearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wherethey

pullcarbondioxide二氧化碳）（Intotheoceanwhile

givingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,they

burycarbonin

thedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpsto

regulatetheglobalclimate.But

swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskey'phytop

lanktonarevulnerabletothe

oceancharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffect

phytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneed

notonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,but

alsonutrients.

CenterforGlobalChangeScience,Stephanie

Dutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sbuilta

climatemodelthatprojectschangestothe

oceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthat

warmsupby3C,itfoundthatmultiplechangesto

thecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.The

modelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittle

phytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butin

somewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,a

warming.Notwillmakeconditionsriperfor

phytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener

“butthe"onlyarethequantitiesofphytop

lanktonintheoceanchanging/'Shesaid,”

typeofphytoplankischanging.Andwhydoes

thatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthe

foodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappear

fromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,itwillchangethe

typeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.Those

kindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiences

inthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoo

gradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmean

significantchanges.It'llbeawhilebeforewe

canstatisticallyshowthatthechangesare

happeningbecauseofclimatechange,

Dutkiewiczsaid,utthechangeinthecolourofthe

oceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarmingsignals

thatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”

Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?

42.

A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.

B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C.

Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D.

Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.

Whatdoestheunderlinedwordvulnerablein

Paragraph3probablymean?43.

A.Sensitive.

B.Beneficial.C.

Significant.D.

Unnoticeable.

44.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthe

marineecosystem.

B.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoproject

phytoplanktonchanges.

C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrol

globalclimate.

D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappear

greener.

45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolour

changes.

B.TDanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfood

chain.

C.TDexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeon

oceans.

D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudy

phytoplankton.

正确答案：

31-33：CDD

34-37：BABC

38-41：DABC

42-45：BADC

第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填

入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Muchoftheworkintoday'sworldisaccomplished

()inteams.Mostpeople完成believethebestwayto

buildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemost

talented

individuals()Companiesspendm川ions

hiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheir46

moneywellspent?(47)Theyfocusedon

football,basketballandbaseball.The

resultsaremixed.ForfootbalIandbasketball,

addingtalentedplayerstoateam

provesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepoint

where70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;

abovethatlevel,theteam5sperformancebeginsto

decline.Interestingly,this

trendisn'tevidentinbaseball,whereadditional

individualtalentkeepsproving

theteam,sperformance.

Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchers

exploredthedegreetowhichagood

performancebyateamrequiresitsme