2023届山东省泰安市高三一模英语试题

试卷类型：A高三一轮检测英语试题2023.03注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThegiftthatneverstopsgivingPeoplearegoingforgiftsthatarereusedtimeandtimeagain,（whilealsosavingmoney）,giftsthathaverecyclablepackaging,ortherecyclableelementsincludedwithinthem.Oneofthebestoptionsistogoforagreenhamper（篮子）.GifthamperscanbereusedThefactthatgreenitemsarefrequentlyreusableisoneoftheirmainadvantages.Withagreenhamper,youcanreuseeverythingthatwasinsideofit,includingthecontainer.Manygreenhampersareavailableinwicker（柳条）baskets，allowingyoutokeepthepresentforalongtimeandreuseitforotherpurposes.Gifthampersareeco-friendlyAlotofpeopleareworriedabouttheenvironmentandreducingCO2emissions（排放）.Thisiswhygreenhampersarebecomingmorepopular.Typically,businessesthatsellgreenbasketswillguaranteethattheitemsinsidethemweremanufacturedbyhandorinfacilitieswithminimumCO2emissions.However,thewickerbasketsaremorebreakableitems.HowtoreusewickerbasketsWhynotkeepaselectionofpottedplantsinyourwickerbasket？Thiswilllookgreatinyourdiningroom.Withawickerbasket,forinstance,placeindividualtoiletries,towels,andblanketsonthehamperforpresentationinyourguests'rooms.Youcangiveyourvisitorsawarm,“hotelinspired”feeling.Givingsomeoneanawesomegifthamperthatisalsoeco-friendlyconveysauniquemessagetotherecipientbecausetherearesomanyoptionsforgiftbaskets,youcanfillthemasyouchoose.Thisiswhygreenhampersinparticulararedominatingthemarket.1.Whatisprobablytheconcernofpeoplewhochoosehampers?A.Comfort.B.Expense.C.Security.D.Beauty.2.Whichcanbestdescribetheadvantagesofgreenhampers?A.Reusableandtough.B.Popularandcostly.C.Multipurposeandrecyclable.D.Ever-lastingandeco-friendly.3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofgreenhampers?A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.BTherehavebeennumerousattemptstocreateanall-plasticbike.Butmosthaveneverpassedthroughtheprototypestage（原始阶段）.Igus，aGermany-basedmanufacturerofhigh-performanceplastics,andDutchstart-upMTRLaimtochangethatwiththeigus:bike—theworld'sfirsturbanbikecraftedalmostentirelyfromrecycledplastic.IgusCEOFrankBlaséfirstgottheideawhilevacationingonaFloridabeachin2009.Aconversationwithsomeemployeesfromarentalcompanymadehimawareofthechallengesofmaintainingbeachbicycles.Thecontinuousexposuretosand,windandsaltwatercausedthebikestorustrapidly.Manyhadtobereplacedinonlythreemonths.Theigus:bike,unveiledataGermantradeshow,ismaintainableandrust-free.Itcanbeleftoutdoorsinallweathersanddoesnotrequirelubricantoil（润滑油）toreducefrictionbetweenparts.Sinceitdoesnotattractsand,dustordirt,thebikecanbecleanedwithagardenhose（水管）inseconds."Asallcomponentsaremadeofplastic,nopartofthebikerusts,eventhegears—bicyclegearsmadeofplasticwereunthinkableforalongtime,"Blasésays.Theigus:bikewillalsohelpcombattheworld'splasticpollution.Thecompanysaysasingleadultbikegivesnewlifetoabout16kilogramsofsingle-useplasticthatwouldotherwisechokeourlandfillsorwaterways.Currently,90percentoftheigus:bikeismadeusingrecycledplastic.Thisincludesthebicycle'sframe,bearings,pedalsandwheelrims.IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversionswillbemadeentirelyfromrecycledplastic."Fromoceanplasticstomotionplastics—theigus:bikeconcepthaswhatittakestobecomeahigh-techecologicalproduct,"saysMTRLco-founderBenjaminAlderseBaas.Theplasticbikesareexpectedtocomeontothemarketinearly2023.Anadultmodel,madeentirelyfromrecycledplastic,willcostaboutE1400.Aslightlycheaperversionmadeusingnewplasticandanelectricbikearealsointheworks.Igusalsoplansonsharingitstechnologywithotherbicyclemanufacturers.4.WhatmakesIgusCEOFrankBlaseseektocreatetheigus:bike?A.HisholidayinginFloridalastyear.B.Theconversationbetweenhimandsomebicyclers.C.Thetroubleofkeepingbeachbicyclesingoodcondition.D.Theprolongedexposureofbikesonthebeach.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheigus:bikefromthetext?A.Itwillcertainlysellwell.B.Itneedstobemoreportable.C.Itcanbeusedeverywhereandfreely.D.Itisrustlessandcleanseasily.6.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Abikemadefromrecycledplastics.B.Howtomakerust-freebikes.C.Anexcellentbicyclemanufacturer.D.Howtomaintainbeachbikes.7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureplasticbikes?A.Theywillbecheaperandlighter.B.Theywillbemorehigh-techecological.C.Theywillbecraftedfromonlyrecycledplastics.D.Theywillbeusedwidelyallovertheworld.CManypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell:Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivitywas71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone,Manymeetingsoccurwithoutaspecificreason.AnothermotiveformeetingsiswhatsomescholarscalltheMereUrgencyeffect,inwhichweengageintasks—suchasameetingwhereeachpersonreciteswhatthey'reworkingon,whetherothersneedthatinformationornot—tohelpusfeellikeweareaccomplishingsomethingactual.Buttherealproblemwithmeetingsisnotlackofproductivity—it'sunhappiness.Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.Thus,foralargepopulation,eliminatingmeetings—oratleastminimizingthem—isoneofthemoststraightforwardwaystoincreasewell-being.Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven'taccomplishedmuch.Second,peopletendtoengagein"surfaceacting"（fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate）duringworkmeetings.Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbytheparticipants.Ifyouareaskingyourself,"WhyamIhere?"youarenotlikelytothinkthatthemeetingisagooduseofyourtime—whichisobviouslybadforyourworksatisfaction.Takentogether,theresearchonmeetingsshowsthatifyouwanttobehappieratwork（orwantyouremployeestobehappier）,youshouldfightagainstthetime-consuming,unproductivemeetingsateveryopportunity.Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.8.WhydoestheauthormentionthesurveyinPara1?A.Toexplainthesurvey.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tostresstheimportanceofmeeting.D.Tostatethedisadvantageofmeeting.9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“eliminating”underlinedinPara3?A.Reducing.B.Hosting.C.Increasing.D.Avoiding.10.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinPara4?A.Howtoincreasepeople'sjobsatisfaction.B.Theimportanceandnecessityofminimizingmeetings.C.Whyexcessiveandunproductivemeetingslowerjobsatisfaction.D.Activeinvolvementbytheparticipantsindicatesmeetingeffectiveness.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Workmeetings—Anecessaryevil.B.Workmeetings—Theless,thebetter.C.Workmeetings—Themore,thebetter.D.Workmeetings—Excessiveandunproductive.DHowcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayinganything?Thisisaquestionthatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcantranslateusers'brainwavesintodailyspeech.Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAl-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant'sbrainwaves.Theparticipantwasaparalyzed（瘫痪的）manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes（电极）underhisskull.AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslatethoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfroma1,152-wordvocabularyataspeedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent."Itshowsstrongpromiseforrestoringcommunicationbytappingintothebrain'snaturalspeechmachinery,"Changsaidtotheuniversity'snewswebsite.However,thismethodcanstillbeproblematicsinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexas,US,havetriedtotranslatepeople'sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLiveScience.ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI，orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging（功能性磁共振成像）.It'sasaferwayof"reading"brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm（算法）tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces（脑机接口）designedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.12.WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinPara2?A.Itwasimplantedintoaman'sheart.B.Itcanhelprestorepatients'lostmemory.C.Itwasdevelopedthroughcooperation.D.Itcanidentifyabout50rarelyusedwords.13.HowdoesfMRI“read”people’sminds？A.Bytrackingtheiractivebraincells.B.Byputtingelectrodesintotheirbrains.C.Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.D.Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.14.WhyisfMRIchosencomparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestory?A.It'scheaper.B.It'smoreaccurate.C.It'ssmallerinsize.D.It'ssafer.15.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.B.Itcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces.C.Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants'minds.D.Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwe'rebored,mostofusendupbeinggluedtoaphone.Thatmighteaseourboredom.__16__Thattimecould'vebeenspentonadifferent,morevaluableactivity.Thefollowingwillhelpeaseyourboredom,andteachyoutousetimemoreproductively.Reading.__17__That'sbecausetheywereforcedtoreadatschool.Butwhenyouhavetheoptiontochoosewhichbookyou'regoingtoread,youcanunderstandwhyit'senjoyable.Notonlycanithelpeaseyourboredom,it'salsooneofthebestwaystoexpandyourknowledge.__18__Peopleoftenforgetwhythey'repursingsomethinginthefirstplace.Somemaynotevenbesurewhatthey'resupposedtobedoingintheirdailylife.Thislackofdirectionthenoftenshowsupasboredom.That'swhyhavinggoalsisimportant.Exercise.Exerciseisgoodandshouldbedonefrequently.__19__Mostpeoplewhoexercisedoittolookbetterinthemirror.Butthere'sanotherreasonwhyyoushouldexercise,itimprovesourbrainfunction.Cleaningupyourroom.Takealookaroundrightnow.Chancesarethatthespaceyou'rein,isfarfromclean.However,youhavetochangethat,asourphysicalenvironmenthasahugeimpactonourcognition,behavioranddecisionmaking.20Butonceweremoveallthisvisualmessfromourenvironment,we'reabletofocusandprocessinformationmuchbetter.A.Pursingadream.B.Planningandgoalsetting.C.Butthere'sanopportunitycost.D.Mostpeopleonlydoreadingafterschool.E.Butforsomereason,noteveryonedoesit.F.Whenoursurroundingsareamess,soarewe.G.Mostpeopledon'treadanythingafterthey'vefinishedschool.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasinWashingtoncoveringaconference.However,Icameacrossacurious-looking21shopwithitsdoorpartlyopen.Citizensheresaidithadbeenlikethat22aslongastheycouldremember,butnooneknew__23__.“Maybetheownerisjustlazy,”I__24__theshadyentrance,eagertofindoutthereason.A（n）__25__"Welcome!"camefromaman'svoice.AndoutwalkedMr.Smith,the90-year-old__26__ofthiscandyshopwhichIsuddenlyrealizedhad__27__candies.Mr.Smithexplainedtheplacewasacandystoreopenedbyhim50yearsago,buthisenergy__28__inoldagesohesoldnothingforlong.IadmiredMr.Smith'slongexcellentserviceinthearea.Hehada__29__attitudetolife.IaskedMr.Smithwhyhisstorefrontwasinsuchastate.Mr.Smith,smiling,replied,"I__30__abagbythedoorthatacustomerlefttwoyearsago.HonestlyIwanttojust__31__thestore,butbecausethebag'sownermightcomeby__32__forit,Ikeepthedooropenjustalittlebit."IwasmovedtotearsbyMr.Smith'sshockingly__33__deeds.Ithenlookeddown,andsureenoughtherewasasmallbagonthecounterwithapaperthatread,"__34__Item."IlefttheshopfeelingbetterabouthumanityandwasgladtherearepeoplelikeMr.Smithlivingthegoodlifeandkeeping__35__forever.21. A.clothing B.food C.fruit D.candy22. A.everyday B.occasionally C.everynight D.recently23. A.when B.where C.why D.how24. A.approached B.left C.broke D.ignored25. A.official B.enthusiastic C.elegant D.humble26. A.supplier B.owner C.customer D.employee27. A.many B.some C.various D.no28. A.brokeoff B.calmeddown C.wentup D.fadedaway29. A.pessimistic B.positive C.humorous D.cool30. A.buy B.sell C.keep D.exhibit31. A.manage B.exchange C.open D.close32. A.looking B.paying C.charging D.longing33. A.unbelievable B.sweet C.odd D.sensible34. A.Recommended B.Found C.Lost D.Deserted35. A.patience B.silence C.faith D.touch第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AnintangibleculturalheritageareainGuangzhou,thecapitalofsouthChina'sGuangdongProvince,openedthisyear,showingthelifeandnormsofancientChinesepeoplefromaculturalperspective.ThisisthesecondintangibleculturalheritageblockinGuangzhou.__36__（locate）onBeijingRoad,theblockhostsintangibleculturalheritagedisplaysandevents.ThefirstsuchstreetwassetinYongqingfanginLiwanDistrict,__37__hasbecomethecenteroflocalculturalandcreativeindustries.Ontheopeningday,aconcert__38__（feature）traditionalCantonesemusicandpoems__39__（hold）onBeijingRoadtohonorthelaunchoftheintangibleculturalheritageblock.Artistsperformedclassicalpoemswithdanceandplayedtraditionalmusical__40__（instrument）,includingtheChinesezither（古筝）.Aimingtoraisethepublic'sculturalconfidenceand__41__（aware）,thisintangibleculturalheritageblock__42__（regular）showsculturalrelicsandrecordsandgivesVR/ARshowsabouttheinheritance（继承）ofintangibleculturalheritage.FamousCantonesefood,arts,celebritiesandindustriesareintroducedtovisitors.Manyactivitiesareheldtoshowthecharmoftheintangibleculturalheritageblock.__43__additiontodisplayingculturalrelicsfromGuangdong,thisblock__44__（focus）ontheroleofintangibleculturalheritageinstrengtheningpeople'sculturalconfidence__45__developingculturaltourism.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）上周六，班委