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GeneralReview

2021/5/91ExerciseforUnit1:ChemicalIpletethesummaryofthetext(1)theIndustrialRevolution(2)organicchemical(3)contactprocess(4)Haberprocess(5)syntheticpolymers(6)intermediates2021/5/92(7)artificialfertilizers(8)cropprotectionchemicals(9)technology(10)pharmaceutical(11)researchanddevelopment(12)petrochemical(13)automaticcontrollequipment(14)capitalrather-than-laborintensive2021/5/933.PutthefollowingintoChinesecarbonate(碳酸盐) polypropylene(聚丙烯)epoxy(环氧基) vinyl(乙烯基)acetate(醋酸盐) pharmaceutical(药物的)spectrum(光谱) formaldehyde(甲醛)silica( 硅石) ammonium(铵离子)polyester(聚酯) thelion'sshare(大份额)2021/5/944.PutthefollowingintoEnglish钠Na(sodium) 钾K (potassium) 磷P(phosphur) 氨(ammonia)聚合物(polymer) 聚乙烯(polyethylene)氯化物(chloride) 粘度(viscosity)烃 (hydrocarbon) 催化剂(catalyst)炼油厂(refinery) 添加剂(additives)2021/5/95SupplementaryExercise1:Nomenclatureofchemicalelementsinthefirstthreeshortperiods1.氢原子的英文名称是什么含义?答案:氢原子的英文名称hydrogen是由hydro(水)+gen(产生)合成的单词,表示“水之来源”。2.氦的英文名称是什么?有什么含义?答案:氦原子的英文名称helium,首次被从太阳光谱分析中确认,使用希腊神话中太阳神“Helios”的名字命名。2021/5/963.钠原子的英文名称是什么?钠的元素符号为什么不是英文名称的第一个字母?答案:钠原子的英文名称sodium来源于阿拉伯语suda,而钠的元素符号来源于它的拉丁文名称natron的第一个字母,所以有不同的表示。4.磷的英文名称是什么?有什么含义?答案:磷原子的英文名称phosphorus是由phos(光)+phor(fer带来)的合成词,表示“带来光”之意。反映出有些磷化合物在黑暗中发光的事实。2021/5/97ExercisesforUnit2:ResearchandDevelopment1.Completethesummaryofthetext(1)R&D(2)ideasandknowledge(3)processesandproducts(4)fundamental(5)applied(6)productdevelopment2021/5/98(7)anexistingproduct(8)pilot-plant(9)profitability(10)environmentalimpact(11)pollution(12)technicalsupport(13)processimprovement(14)effluenttreatment(15)pharmaceuticals2021/5/993.PutthefollowingintoChinese:quantum(量子) strain(菌株)mould(霉菌) phenol(苯酚)sulphate (硫酸盐) carbide(碳化物)foul(发臭的) scrub(洗涤)semi-technical(半技术的)fermenter(发酵器)CFC=chloroflurocarbon(氯氟化碳或氯氟烃)refrigerant(制冷剂)2021/5/9104.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:试剂(reagent) 单体(monomer)丙酮(acetoneorpropanoneordimethylketone) 脉动(fluctuationorpulsation)乙炔(acetyleneorethyne) 硫(sulphurorsulfur)盐酸(hydrochloricacid) 停车时间(downtimeorshutdowntime)2021/5/911杂质(impurity) 反应器(reactor)(使)优化(tooptimize) 纯度(purity)2021/5/912SupplementaryExercise2:NomenclatureofChemicalElementsintheFourthPeriod1.钾元素的英文名称是什么?有什么含义?说出钾原子的元素符号来源。答案:钾元素的英文名称potassium是由pot(锅)+ash(灰)再加上表示活泼金属后缀-ium的合成词,表示“锅灰”;钾原子的元素符号来源于它的拉丁文名称kalium的第一个字母。2021/5/9132.钛元素的英文名称是什么?有什么含义?答案:钛元素的英文名称是titanium,源于希腊神话中的巨人神

“Titan”。3为什么铁原子的英文名称和元素符号不一致?答案:铁原子的英文名称iron是从拉丁语的矿石aes,或德语eisen铁的光泽和冰eis相似而得来。元素符号Fe来自拉丁语firrus“坚硬”的第一个字母。2021/5/9144.镓元素的英文名称是什么?有什么含义?答案:镓元素的英文名称为gallium,是由法国人根据他祖国的拉丁语名(Gallia)命名。2021/5/915ExercisesforUnit3:TypicalActivitiesofChemicalEngineers1.Completethenotesbelow(1)mechanical(2)electrical(3)civil(4)scaleup(5)commercialscale(6)reactors2021/5/916(7)distillationcolumns(8)pumps(9)controllandinstrumentation(10)mathematics(11)industry(12)academia(13)steam(14)coolingwater2021/5/9173.PutthefollowingintoChinesereactant(反应物)distillation(蒸馏)compressor(压缩机) pilot-plant(中试工厂)specification(详述) flowsheet(流程图)nozzle(喷嘴) corrosion(腐蚀)sensor(传感器) atrophy(萎缩)on-line(在线) commission(服役)2021/5/9184.PutthefollowingintoEnglish间歇的(intermittent) 反应器(reactor)放大(scaleupormagnify) 热交换器(heatexchanger)创新(innovation) 术语(terminology)阀(valve) 流程图(flowsheetorflowchart)梯度(gradient) 组成(composition)杂质(impurity) 模拟(simulation)2021/5/919SupplementaryExercise3:NomenclatureofChemicalElementsintheFifthPeriod1.鍀元素的英文名称是什么?有什么含义?答案:鍀元素的英文名称是technetium,是美国加州大学在加速器上用重质子轰击42号元素钼得到。因为是人工合成元素,使用了希腊语中人造(technikos)一词命名。2.分别写出锡元素的英文名称和元素符号,元素符号的来源是什么?2021/5/920答案:锡的英文名称是tin,元素符号为Sn。锡在古代就为人知,它的元素符号是根据拉丁语名称Stannum得来。3氙元素的英文名称和元素符号是什么?它的英文名称有什么含义?答案:氙元素的英文名称是xenon,元素符号Xe。在分馏液态空气时,先得到氖,接着是氪,然后从最不易挥发的部分发现了氙。它的语源xenos在希腊语中是“外国人及难以亲近之人:的意思。2021/5/921ExercisesforUnit4:SourcesofChemicals1.Cpmpletethesummaryofthetext:(1)inorganicchemicals(2)derivefrom(3)petrochemicalprocess(4)Metallicores(5)extractionprocess2021/5/922(6)non-renewableresources(7)renewableresources(8)energysources(9)fermentation(10)selective(11)rawmaterial(12)separationandpurification(13)foodindustryviz=videlicet(readnamely)2021/5/9233.PutthefollowingintoChinese:covalent(共价的) isomerism(异构现象)frothflotation(泡沫浮选) borate(硼酸盐)fluorite(氟化物) amino(氨基)hydrolysis(水解) ester(酯)naphthene(环烷烃) naphtha(石脑油)enzymic (酶的) xylene(二甲苯)2021/5/9244.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:氢氧化物(hydroxide) 脂肪族的(aliphatic)芳香族的(aromatic) 甲烷(methane)酯(ester) 不饱和的(unsaturated)烯烃(alkene) 烷烃(alkane)2021/5/925SupplementaryExercise4:Nomenclatureofchemicalelementsinthesixthperiod1.镧系元素的英文名称是什么?有什么含义?答案:镧系元素的英文名称是lanthanide,是由希腊语lanthanein(隐藏)得来。因为这个系列中一共“隐藏”着15个元素。2021/5/9262.钨元素的英文名称是什么?它化学元素符号出自何处?答案:钨元素的英文名称是tungsten,在瑞典语中是“重石头”的意思。从前,人们在精炼锡的时候了解到,如果将锡矿石和和钨矿石混合,可形成复合物。于是也就把这种“像狼那样贪婪地吞食锡”的矿石称为wolfart(狼矿石),而将钨元素命名为钨(wolfram)。现在虽然这种元素的名字叫tungsten,但元素符号仍用W。2021/5/9273.铅元素的英文名称是什么?它的化学元素符号出自何处?铅的英文名称是lead,而元素符号为Pb,取自拉丁文plumbum(铅),但它的词源还不明确。4.金元素的英文名称是什么?它的化学元素符号出自何处?金的英文名gold是从印欧语的ghel(黄金)而来,元素符号Au是从拉丁语aurum而来。2021/5/9285元素铕的英文名称是什么?有何含义?铕元素的英文名称是europium,就是欧洲Europ的意思。6元素钆的英文名称是什么?有何含义?钆的英文名称是gadolinium,其命名是为了赞扬最初发现稀土元素钇(Y)的Gadolin的功绩。2021/5/9297.有四个稀土化学元素均以瑞典的一个城市命名,这个城市的英文名称是什么?这四个被以此命名的化学元素的英文名称、中文名称以及元素符号是什么?答案:这个城市的英文名称是Ytterby。四个以该城市命名的元素分别为39号元素钇(yttrium)元素符号Y;65号元素铽(terbium)元素符号Tb;68号元素铒(erbium)元素符号Er以及第70号元素鐿(ytterbium)元素符号Yb。2021/5/930ExercisesforUnitFive:BasicChemicals1.Summarizetheinformationonthetwosectorsofchemicalindustrybycompletingthetablebelow:2021/5/9312021/5/9322021/5/9333.PutthefollowingintoChinese:commodity(日用品) ether(醚)speciality(特殊品) end-product(最终产物)onone'stoes(准备行动) elastomer(高弹性体)hydrate (水化物) plasticizer(增塑剂)sulphonate(磺化) formulate(配方)metallurgy(冶金学) phosphoricacid(磷酸)2021/5/9344.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:烷基(alkyl) 芳基(aryl)乙基(ethyl) 丁基(butyl)离子(ion) 乙醇(ethanolorethylalcohol)甲醇(methanolormethylalcohol) 醋酸(aceticacidorethanoicacid)均相的(homogeneous) 系数(coefficient)摩擦(frictionorabrasion) 无排放的(emission-freeorzerodischarge)2021/5/935SupplementaryExercise5:Nomenclatureofchemicalelementsintheseventhperiod

1.写出镭元素的英文名称,它的含义是什么?答案:镭元素的英文名称是radium,该元素为居里夫妇所发现。因为该元素能发出射线,根据拉丁语“放射”(radius)命名。2.锕系元素的英文名称是什么?其含义是什么?答案:锕系元素的英文名称是actinides,因为它们能发出射线,所以以希腊语表示光线的词汇(aktis,aktinos)命名。2021/5/9363.以居里夫人名字命名的元素是什么?写出它的中文和英文名称。答案:以居里夫人名字Curie命名的元素是锔(Curium)。4.以天王星,海王星,以及冥王星命名的元素分别是什么?写出它们的中文和英文名称。答案:以天王星,海王星,以及冥王星命名的元素分别是铀(uranium),镎(neptunium)和钚(plutonium)。2021/5/937ExercisesforUnit6:Chlor-AlkaliandRelatedProcesses1.Summarizetheinformationonthemainproductsinthechlor-alkaliandsufuricacidsectors,bycompletingthefollowingtable.2021/5/9382021/5/9393.PutthefollowingintoChineseoleum(油) mercury(汞或水银)sodaash(苏打灰或纯碱) metathesis(复分解或置换)PVC(聚氯乙烯) alkaline(碱性)desulphurisation(脱硫) membrane(膜)carbonate(碳酸盐) 2021/5/940causticsodium(苛性钠或氢氧化钠)proton(质子) polytetrafluoroethylene(聚四氟乙烯)2021/5/9414.PutthefollowingintoEnglish电解(electrolysis) 分解(decomposition)氯化物(chloride) 还原(reduction)催化剂(catalyst) 氧化反应(oxidationreaction)动力学(kinetics) 沉淀(precipitationorsedimentation)钙 (calcium) 镁(magnesium)树脂(resin) 表面活性剂(surfactantorsurface-activeagent)2021/5/942SupplementaryExercise6:Nomenclatureoforganiccompounds1.Writeoutthemolecularstructuresforthefollowingorganiccompounds1)1-bromo-3-ethyl-5-methylcyclohexane(1-溴-3-乙基-5-甲基环己烷)2021/5/9432021/5/9442021/5/9452021/5/9462.Namethefollowingorganiccompounds2021/5/947ExercisesforUnit7:Ammonia,NitricAcidandUrea1.Completingthefollowparagraphabouttheammoniasynthesisprocess:(1)kineticallyinert(2)ironcompound(3)exothermic(4)one-passyield(5)efficiency2021/5/948(6)lowerpressures(7)highertemperatures(8)capital(9)energy(10)methaneandwater(11)carbondioxide(12)gasstream(13)shiftreaction(14)methane(15)3:12021/5/9493.PutthefollowingintoChinese:sodaash (苏打灰或纯碱) refractory(耐火的)silicate(硅酸盐) chromatography(色谱)mercury(汞或水银) alkaline(碱性的)desulphurisation(脱硫) membrane(膜)anode(阳极) cathode(阴极)contaminate(污染) inert(惰性的)2021/5/9504.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:电解(electrolysis) 分解(decomposition)复分解(metathesis) 还原(reductionorrestoration)沉淀(precipitationorsedimentation) 结晶(crystallization) 过滤(filtration) 吸收(adsorption) 溶解度(solubility) 溶度积(solubilityproduct) 放热的(exothermic)平衡(equilibriumorbalance)2021/5/951SupplementaryExercise7:NomenclatureofCoordinationCompoundsandOrganometallics1.Writetheformulaforeachofthefollowingcoordinationcompounds:(1)dibromotetraammineruthenium(III)nitrate.答案:[RuBr2(NH3)4][NO3](2)chloroaquobis(ethylenediamine)rhodium(III)chloride.答案:[RhCl(H2O)(en)2]Cl22021/5/952(3)calciumdioxalatodiamminecobaltate(III).答案:Ca[Co(C2O4)2(NH3)2]2(4)octaammine-m-amido-m-hydroxodicobalt(III)sulfate.答案:[(NH3)4Co(m-NH2)(m-OH)Co(NH3)4](SO4)2(5)sodiumdithiosulfato-S-argentate(I).答案:Na3[Ag(SSO3)2]2021/5/9532.Nameeachofthefollowingcompounds:(1)[Co(NH3)6]2(SO3)3答案:hexaamminecobalt(III)sulfate硫酸六氨合钴(III)(2)[Pt(en)Cl4]答案:tetrachloro(ethylenediamine)platinum(IV)四氯乙二胺合铂(IV)(3)NH4[Cr(NH3)2(NCS)4]答案:ammoniumdiamminetetrathiocyanato-N-chromate(III)二氨四-N-硫氰合钴(III)酸铵2021/5/954(4)K4[Ni(CN)4]答案:potassiumtetracyanonickelate(0)

四氰合镍(0)酸钾2021/5/9552021/5/9563.Whiteoutthenamesforthefollowingorganometalliccompounds2021/5/957ExercisesforUnit8:PetroleumProcessing1.CompletethesummaryofReadingMaterial8:(1)organicchemicals(2)hydrogentocarbonratio(3)hightemperaturecarbonization(4)crudetar(5)pyrolysis2021/5/958(6)poorselectivity(7)consumptionofhydrogen(8)pilot-plantstage(9)developingandimproving(10)fludizedbed(11)Gasificationofcoal(12)methane2021/5/9592.PutthefollowingintoChineseantiknock(抗震的) alkylation(烷基化)finishing(最终加工) desalt(脱盐)differentiate(区分) dieseloil(柴油)lubricatingoil(润滑油) precursor(先驱)stripper(汽提塔) carbonium(碳正离子)radical(自由基) predominate(支配)degradation(降解) heterocyclic(异环的)stationary(静止的) insitu(原位)2021/5/9603.PutthefollowingintoEnglish管式的(tubular) 加氢裂解(hydrocracking)异构化(isomerism) 组成(constituenteorcomponent)热解(pyrolysisorthermaldecomposition) 腐蚀(corrosionorcorrodeorerrode)残余物(residue) 液化石油气(liquefiedpetroleumgas)脱氢(dehydrogenation) 芳构化(aromatization)2021/5/961专利(patent) 参数(parameter)降解(degradation) 定量地(quantitatively)定性地(qualitatively) 选择性(selectivity)2021/5/962SupplementaryExercise8:EnglishWordsfromGreekRoots(1)Choosethecorrectanswerstofillblanksforthefollowingsentences:1.Itisnottoo_D_tomakeaselectionfromthebox,sincethecontentsarehomogeneous.(A)costly (B)easy (C)soon (D)difficult(E)inexpensive2021/5/9632.Inanautocracy,allpowerisvestedtothe_E_.(A)nobleman (B)people (C)wealthy(D)clergy (E)ruler3.Automationhasmadethecloth-washingprocess_D_.(A)unnecessary (B)burdensome (C)unorthodox (D)self-operating (E)democratic2021/5/9644.Astudyoftheruler’sgenealogywillacquaintyouwithhis_B_.(A)life (B)descent (C)beliefs (D)government (E)education5.Anautopsyshouldrevealthetruecauseofthepatient’s_A_.(A)decease (B)replace (C)complains(D)dissatisfaction (E)illness2021/5/9656.Weareforbiddentouse_B_,sinceouractistobeapantomime.(A)costumes (B)words (C)frowns(D)gestures (D)smiles7.Aphotometermeasures_A_.(A)lightintensity (B)distancetraveled (C)atmosphericpressure(D)speed (E)time2021/5/9668.Iftheaccountisfromanauthenticsource,youshouldnot_C_it(A)believe (B)settle (C)doubt(D)read (E)trust9.Itisentirelynormalforachildoftwotobeunderthecareofa(an)_E_.(A)orthodontist (B)demagogue(C)orthopedist (D)pedagogue (E)pediatrician2021/5/96710.Amongthenationsparticipatinginthe_D_conferencewereBurmaandPakistan.(A)Pan-African (B)Pan-American(C)Pan-Arabian (D)Pan-Asiatic(E)Pan-European2021/5/968ExercisesforUnit9:Polymers1.Completethetablebelow:2021/5/9692021/5/9702021/5/9712.PutthefollowingintoChineseoligomer(寡聚物或低聚物) macromer(高聚物)copolymer(共聚物) propagation(增长)vulcanization(硫化) stiffness(韧性)fabricate(制造) linear(线性的)reproducibility(重现性) residencetime(停留时间)2021/5/972coagulation(凝结) foresight(远见或先见)coordination(配合) stereochemical(立体化学的)plugflow(活塞式流动) injection-moulding(注射模塑法)2021/5/9733.PutthefollowingintoEnglish官能团(functionalgroup) 单体(monomer)构架(frame) 模数(modulus)复合材料(composite) 非均相的(heterogeneousornon-homogeneous)潜热(latentheat) 显热(apparentheat)热固性的(thermoset) 热塑性的(thermoplastic)无定形的(amorphous) 交联(cross-link)2021/5/974随机的(random) 等温的(isothermal)吸附(adsorption) 离心(centrifuge)2021/5/975SupplementaryExercise9:EnglishWordsfromGreekRoots(2)Choosethecorrectwordstofilltheblanksoffollowingsentences.1.Anerrorisconsidered_E_ifitappearsintheprintedtextbutnotintheauthor’smanuscript.(A)graphic (B)authentic (C)anonymous(D)unavoidable (E)typographical2021/5/9762.Agastronomehasakeeninterestin_A_.(A)goodeating (B)croprotation(C)thestars(D)soilmanagement (E)maps3.ThefamousshowmanP.T.Barnumisrememberedforhis_B_“Thereisasuckerborneveryminute.”(A)cryptogram (B)epigram (C)anagram(D)monograph (E)acronym2021/5/9774.Oneofthetopicsstudiedin_D_istherotationofcrops.(A)automation (B)gastronomy (C)taxidermy(D)husbandry (E)cartography5.“Buzz”and“hum”arenothomonymsbecausethey_D_.(A)soundalike (B)areopposites (C)meanthesame (D)sounddifferent (E)arespelleddifferently2021/5/9786.Allthenovelswehavestudiedthisyearhavehadamanastheleadingcharacter.It’sabouttimewehadafemale_D_.(A)antagonist (B)prodigy (C)gourmet(D)protagonist (E)phenomenon7.Thefollowingnamesallcontainanepithetexcept_E_.(A)One–PunchNelson(B)IvantheTerrible2021/5/979(C)AlexandertheGreat(D)Wrong–WayCorrigan(E)HenryWadsworthLongfellow8.Antibodiesworkagainst_B_.(A)thebody (B)toxins (C)thetissues(D)antitoxins (E)theblood9.Plutocracyisgovernmentby_D_.(A)thearmy (B)mobs (C)themajority(D)theaffluent (E)bureaus2021/5/98010.Weassociateasterswith_C_.(A)thesea (B)printedmatter (C)gardens(D)outerspace (E)thearistocracy2021/5/981ExercisesforUnit10:WhatisChemicalEngineering?3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:cybernetics(控制论) encyclopedia(百科全书)ethics(伦理学) accessary(附件或帮凶)shortcut (捷径) coordinate(配合)expertsystem (专家系统) 2021/5/982artificialintelligence(人工智能)generalization(通则) proprietary(专有的)interfacial(界面的) off-the-shelf(现成的)2021/5/9834.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:热力学(thermodynamics) 动力学(kinetics)力学(dynamics) 水力学(hydrodynamics)积分(integral) 微分(differential)化学计量(stoichiometry) 动量(momentum)有帮助的(instrumental) 胶体(gel)连续介质(continuum) 定性的(qualitative)2021/5/984SupplementaryExercise10:PrefixesfromAnglo–Sax;ABriefReviewofEnglishWordsfromGreekRoots1.Chooseonewordwhosemeaningisirrelevanttootherthreeineachquestion.(1)--D--(A)careful (B)alert (C)wary (D)upstart(2)--B--(A)approaching (B)foreshadowing(C)forthcoming (D)upcoming2021/5/985(3)--A--(A)undeceived (B)beguiled(C)misled (D)misinformed(4)--B--(A)biased (B)underprivileged(C)prejudiced (D)unfair(5)--B--(A)unmask (B)ungag(C)expose (D)unveil2021/5/986(6)--C--(A)abridged (B)incomplete(C)uncut (D)shortened(7)--A--(A)released (B)shackled(C)restrained (D)confined(8)--C--(A)withdraw (B)unresponsive(C)underdeveloped (D)unsociable2021/5/987(9)--D--(A)destroy (B)eradicate(C)uproot (D)unscramble(10)--C--(A)underscore (B)underline(C)understudy (D)emphasize(11)--C--(A)ancestor (B)forefather(C)descendant (D)forebear2021/5/988(12)--D--(A)outlived (B)survived(C)outlasted (D)outwitted(13)--C--(A)principal (B)foremost(C)latest (D)chief(14)--B--(A)misgiving (B)blunder(C)foreboding (D)presentiment2021/5/989(15)--A--(A)overcast (B)overburden(C)overload (D)overtax(16)--A--(A)luck (B)foresight(C)prudence (D)forethought(17)--C--(A)output (B)yield(C)surrender (D)product2021/5/990(18)--D--(A)misfortune (B)mishap(C)mischance (D)mistrust(19)--A--(A)overbearing (B)beguiling(C)deluding (D)misleading(20)--D--(A)prediction (B)prophecy(C)forecast (D)fortune2021/5/9912.Matchtheleftcolumnwiththerightoneforthenextpage.2021/5/9922021/5/993ExercisesforUnit11:ChemicalandProcessThermodynamics2.PutthefollowingintoChinese(be)goodfor(对...使用) authenticity(真实性)centrifugal (离心的)potential(势的) shaft(轴)condenser(冷凝器) reboiler(再沸器)diminish(减少)2021/5/994buoyancy(浮力) agitator(搅拌器或煽动者)simultaneously(同时地) magnitude(幅度)Btu(Britishthermalunit英国热量单位)conductivity(传导率)heretofore(迄今为止) validity(效力)2021/5/9953.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:焓(enthalpy) 熵(entropy)宏观的(macroscopic) 微观的(microscopic)通量(flux) 湍流的(turbulent)自发的(spontaneous) 可逆的(reversible)传导(conduction) 对流(reverseflow)扩散(disperseorpervadeordiffuse) 绝缘地(insularly)2021/5/996横截面(crosssection) 漩涡(eddy)无因次的(dimensionless) 回流(reflux)2021/5/997SupplementaryExercise11:EnglishVocabularyfromLatinPrefixesandRoots(1)Choosetherightanswertofillfollowingblanks(1)Congressionalelectionsarea_B_affair;theyareheldeverytwoyears.(A)semiannual (B)biennial(2)Youmayvote“yes”or“no”,ifyouwish,youmay_A_.(A)abstain (B)adjoin2021/5/998(3)Manyboysatonetimeoranotherwanttobecomefiremen,butfewofthemactuallyenterthat_B_.(A)avocation (B)vocation(4)Theflightwasdelayedbecauseof_A_weather.(A)adverse (B)averse(5)TheAmericanRevolution(1775)_B_theFrenchRevolution(1789)byfourteenyears.(A)postdated (B)antedated2021/5/999(6)Animminenteventbelongstothe_C_.(A)recentpast (B)present (C)nearfuture (D)dimpast (E)distantfuture(7)Bobisnotexclusive,he_B_.(A)trieshard (B)makefriendeasily(C)comeontime (D)keeptohimself(E)prepareshishomework2021/5/9100ExercisesforUnit12:WhatDoWeMeanbyTransportPhenomena?3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:dimensional(维的) humidifier(增湿器)nozzle(喷嘴) onset(开始)conduit(导管) adhere(粘附或追随)finite(有限的) lateral(横向的)transition(过渡) shedlighton(阐明)flask(烧瓶) viscous(粘性的)2021/5/91014.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:矢量(vector) 标量(scalar)相似性(similarity) 类似(analogy)剪应力(shearstress) 界面张力(interfacialtension)脉动(fluctuationorpulsation) 临界速度(criticalvelocity)层流(laminar) 湍流(turbulent)势流(potentialflow) 错流(crosscurent)2021/5/9102SupplementaryExercise12:EnglishVocabularyfromLatinPrefixesandRoots(2)Filltheblankschoosingtherightanswer1.CaptainJohnSmithwassparedwhenPocahontas_A_inhisbehalf.(A)intervened (B)contravened (C)intersected (D)implicated (E)intercepted2021/5/91032.Inanintrapartydispute,noneoftheparticipantsare_E_.(A)members (B)entirelyright(C)stubborn (D)allwrong (E)outsiders3.Therewasnointermissioninthefightingexceptforone_D_.(A)UNprotest (B)minorskirmish (C)surpriseattach (D)there-daytruce(E)shipmentoftheAllies2021/5/91044.Theovereagerstudentshoutedouttheanswer,unabletoinhibithis_C_.(A)disappointment (B)apprehension(C)enthusiasm (D)anger (E)curiosity5.ThepatientwasinthehospitalfromNovember23toDecember3,inclusive,aperiodof_E_days.(A)twelve (B)nine (C)ten (D)thirteen(E)eleven2021/5/91056.Innextweek’sdebate,Sheilawillargueonthecontra,or_A_,sideofthequestion.(A)negative (B)extraneous (C)intrinsic(D)controversial (E)positive7.Quarrelsomeneighborsrarely_C_oneanother’sviews.(A)countermand (B)censure (C)advocate(D)invoke (E)contradict2021/5/91068.Anumberofmembersaskedmetointercede,butIrefusedtoactasa(an)_D_.(A)understudy (B)insurgent (C)adversary(D)go-between (E)adheret2021/5/9107ExercisesforUnit13:UnitoperationsinChemicalEngineering3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:lixiviation(浸提) filteraid(助滤剂)flammability(易燃性)isotope(同位素)sedimentation(沉积) settling(沉降)correlation(相关性) funnel(漏斗)baffle(挡板) agglomeration(附聚或凝聚)2021/5/9108configuration(构造) tangentially(成切线)droplet(小滴) vortex(漩涡)drag(拽力) holdup(滞留量)2021/5/91094.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:溶解(dissolution) 溶液(solution)溶质(solute) 溶剂(solvent)平衡级(equilibriumstage) 不互溶的(immiscible)浸取(leaching) 过滤(filtration)提纯(purification) 板框压滤机(plateandframepressingfilteringextruder)2021/5/9110旋风分离器(cycloneseparator) 逆流(countercurrent)2021/5/9111SupplementaryExercise13:EnglishVocabularyfromLatinPrefixesandRoots(3)Choosethecorrectanswerwhichhassimilarmeaningtotheexpressioninitalicsfromeachofthefollowingquestions._C_1.painfulinterlude(A)delay (B)dispute (C)interval(D)intermediary2021/5/9112_B_2.deeplyimplicated(A)sorry (B)involved (C)indebted(D)hurt_D_3.countertoexpectationlookforward (B)respond (C)appeal (D)contrary_A_4.exclusiveowner(A)sole

(B)wealthy (C)rightful(D)principal2021/5/9113_B_5.nearlyexcised(A)inserted (B)removed(C)inscribed

(D)repaired_C_6.evokedprotestsdisregarded (B)contradicted(C)elicited (D)banned_D_7.intrinsiccharacterinclusive (B)extraneous(C)unusual (D)essential2021/5/9114_C_8.uninhibitedresponse(A)untruthful (B)angry(C)unrestrained

(D)thoughtful_B_9.impendingdownfallrecent

(B)imminent(C)noteworthy (D)disastrous_A_10.notimpelled(A)forced

(B)intercepted(C)explained (D)expelle2021/5/9115ExercisesforUnit20:MaterialScienceandChemicalEngineering3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:imperative(绝对必要的) probe(试探)gelspining(凝胶纺丝法) matrix(母体)crossover(截面) cure(塑化)duct(导管) sinter(烧结)flaw(裂缝) tissueculturing(细胞组织培养)2021/5/9116hybridization(杂化) substrate(底物)uptake(吸收或领会)hydrolysate(水解产物)DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸)corollary(推论)2021/5/91174.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:各向同性的(isotropic) 各向异性的(anisotropic)放大倍数(magnification) 氧化还原电势(redoxpotential)锰Mn(manganese) 硅(silicon)锆(zirconium) 兼容性(compatibility)必要条件(prerequisite) 葡萄糖(glucose)好氧的(oxyphillic) 层压塑料(laminate)2021/5/9118SupplementaryExercise14:EnglishVocabularyfromLatinPrefixesandRoots(4)Choosethecorrectanswerwhichhassimilarmeaningtotheexpressioninitalicsfromeachofthefollowingquestions._C_1.immaculaterecord(A)imperfect

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