重庆市沙坪坝区虎溪镇八年级英语下册Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecityparks

重庆市沙坪坝区虎溪镇八年级英语下册Unit2IllhelptocleanupthecityparksSectionA3课件新版人教新目标版SectionA3Grammarfocus~4cMarioandMary_______severalhourseachweek______others.Mariowants_____ananimaldoctor.He_________atananimalhospital.Hewants_______moreabout______careforanimals.RevisionCompletethesentences.howtotohelpgiveuptobetolearnvolunteersCanyoutellsomethingaboutMariotous?Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadbyherself_________offour.Lastyear,shedecided________foravolunteerafter-school_______program.Marystillworksthereonceaweek______kids_______read.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforher.Shecandowhatshe___________andhelpsothersatthesametime.totryoutattheagelovestodoreadinglearntotohelpCanyoutellsomethingaboutMarytous?1.我想去帮助无家可归的人。I’d__________homelesspeople.2.你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童并让他们变得更高兴。Youcould___hospitals______youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.GrammarfocusasktoletliketohelpFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.3.她自愿一周去那里一次帮助孩子们学习读书。She_________thereonceaweek_______kidslearntoread.volunteerstohelp4.她决定参加一个志愿者课后阅读节目的选拔。She__________tryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.

decidedto5.马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。Mariobelievesitcanhelphim______hisfuturedreamjob.6.我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学校里。I’mmakingsomesigns_______aroundtheschool.togettoputupGrammar一、动词不定式用法

小结

动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。本单元主要学习其作宾语，状语，宾补的用法。e.g.我们不想花费太多钱。Wedon’twanttospenttoomuchmoney.

1.作宾语

动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,want,remember,agree,learn,like,decide,fail,refuse等。例：Iwanttotellyouastory.Theybegintoworkateighteverymorning.Don’tforgettolockthedoor.

e.g.李老师让学生们抄写课文。Mr.Liaskedthestudentstocopythetext.

2.作宾语补足语。

动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell,ask,want,like,invite,encourage,help等。例如：TheteacheraskedustoreadEnglishforhalfanhourinthemorning.TheteacheroftentellsJimnottospendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.

Pleaseletmehelpyou.3.作状语:（1）作目的状语。强调动词不定式所表示的目的，动词不定式可用inorderto或soasto+动词原形，soasto不用于句首。

如：Hestopped(inorder)

tohavearest.

Thebusstopped(soas)topickuppassengers.（2）作结果状语。如：

Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.Hisgrandmalivedtoseethe

liberationofChina.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。如:I’msorrytohearthat.I’mgladtoseeyouI’mhappytofindsomanythingsIcando.e.g.克莱尔错过了一个赚大钱的机会。Clairemissedachancetomakealotofmoney.

4.作后置定语。5.作表语。e.g.她的工作就是照顾这些孩子。Herjobistolookafterthesechildren.

e.g.说起容易，做起难。Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.

6.作主语。学好英语很重要。TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.It’sveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.

不定式的注意事项

1.不带“to”的不定式作宾语补足语：“一感二听三让四看半帮助”

feelsb.dosth.

Ifeltthesnakemove.listento/hear+sb.+dosth.

Ioftenhearthegirlsinginthenextroom.let/make/have+sb.+dosth.Lettheboygooutnow.

Theboymadethebabycry.

see/watch/notice/lookat+sb.+dosth.Isawthestudentsplaybasketballontheplaygroundyesterday.

helpsb.（to）dosth.

Ioftenhelpmymother（to）dohousework.2、不定式的否定形式：（1）动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：叫他不要在街上踢足球。Tellthemnottoplayfootballinthestreet.

（2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not.例:

让这个男孩不要走！

Lettheboynotgo.3、疑问词what,which,how,where,when…+todo作动词的宾语：没有人告诉我们接下来做什么。

Nobodytolduswhattodonext.我不知道该往哪儿去。

Idon’tknowwheretogo.他给我展示了怎样用这新手机。Heshowedmehowtousethenewmobilephone.1.Hemademe____(tell)himallthethings.2.Pleaseremember_______(water)theplantswhileI’maway.3.Let’s______(watch)atalkshow.ExercisesⅠ.Fillintheblanks.towatertellwatch4.Whatcanyouexpect_______(learn)fromthenews?5.Myparentswantme_____(be)adoctor.6.I’dlike________(watch)cartoonsathome.tobetowatchtolearn1.Whowill_______________(自愿读)thesewordsforus?2.Thegirloften_____hermother____thedishes(帮妈妈洗餐具)onweekends.Ⅱ.Completethesentences.helpsdovolunteertoread3.We______her________(邀请来)toourparty.4.Theoldmanhad____________(无事可做)everyday.nothingtodoaskedtocomepeoplewithouthomesstart;establishmakesomethingcleanmakesomeonehappierworkintheopenairmakesomethinghappenlatergivesomethingtosomebodyinordertohelpsomeonewhoneedshelptohangorsticksomethingon(aboard)cleanupputupcheerupworkoutsideofferhelpputoffgiveouthomelesspeoplesetupCanyoumatchthephrases?一）、定义

动词之后加介词或副词构成短语,表达一种特定的含义,称为动词短语。二）、分类

1.动词+介词

2.动词+副词

3.其它类动词词组二、动词短语动词+介词

lookat看looklike看上去像

lookafter照料listento听

welcometo欢迎到……sayhelloto向……问好

speakto对……说此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。e.g.Heislookingafterhissister/her.Shealwaystakescareofthesechildren/them.2.动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A．动词（vt.）+副词

puton穿上

takeoff脱下

writedown记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。e.g.Hetookoffhiscoat.PleaseturnontheTV./Pleaseturniton.B．动词（vi）+副词

comeon赶快

getup起床

gohome回家

comein进来

sitdown坐下

standup起立此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。e.g.Comeon!Thebusiscoming!closethedoorlookthesamegotowork/classbeillhavealook/seathavesupperlookyounggoshoppingwatchTV/gamesplaygames3、其它类动词词组1.由put引导的短语putawayputonputupputoffputintoputdownputout常用短语及用法把……放好穿上，把……放在……上举起，表现出，张贴推迟，拖延把……放入，把……翻译成……记下，放下放出，伸出2.由give引导的短语giveupgiveingiveoutgiveawaygivebackgiveoff放弃屈服，让步分发，散发；用尽，耗尽捐赠，赠送；分发归还，恢复发出，放出3.由call引导的短语

calloncallupcallincallatcallfor访问（某人）；号召；要求打电话给……；使人想起……找来，请来访问(某处)；(车，船等)停靠(某处)需要，要求４.由take

引导的短语

takebacktakeaftertakeawaytakedowntakeuptakeovertakeoff拿回；使疑惑像……拿走，减去写下，记下；拆卸占据空间；开始从事…接过……；接管脱下；飞机起飞5.由look引导的短语

lookafterlookforlookatlookintolookthroughlookoutlookoutoflookuplooklike照顾，照料寻找，找……看……调查；向……里看浏览，快速地看小心向……外看查找，查询；向……上看看起来像……6.由show引导的短语

showupshowoffshowaround出现，露面炫耀，卖弄带……参观……7.由turn引导的短语turnupturnonturnoffturndownturntoturnoverturninturnout把(音量)开大；出现，到达打开关掉(煤气、水、电等)把(音量)关小；拒绝向……求助；转向……翻转，翻身归还，就寝结果是……，证明是……；生产1.Iwantto_______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto________________atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.4aFillintheblankswithphrasalverbsinthebox.putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffputoffcallup3.Ourclassistryingto____________someideasto_________sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto_________signsaroundtheschooland_________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_________eupwithcheerupputuphandoutgiveout4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.helpmovedomakevisitspendMostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_________lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_______forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando__________others.Therearemanypeopletodotohelptomakewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway__________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans_________sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear __________toanotherplace，likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeopletheretospendtovisittomove1.I’dliketovolunteer_____________________________________________2.At12:a.m.,Icalledmyfriend____________________________________Completethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.

tohelpkidswiththeirhomework.

toplaysoccertogetherintheafternoon.4c3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp__________________________________4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant__________________________5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)___________________takethetrashoutafterdinner.nottodothat.togocampingwithmyfriends.1)I’dlike______homelesspeople.2)Shedecided_________foravolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.3)Youcouldaskhospitals____youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.4)Mariobelievesitcanhelphim_____hisfuturedreamjob.5)Shevolunteersthereonceaweek______kidslearn_______.6)I’mmakingsomesigns________aroundtheschool.Fillintheblanks.tohelptotryouttolettogettohelptoreadtoputup1.Iwant_________(become)apolicemanoneday.2.Hewantsthestudents_____(eat)well.3.Theteachermadehisstudents_____

(come)intothemeetingroomontime.4.Theboywasfree_____(go)whereheliked.5.Nobodytellshimwhat_____(do)next.根据提示完成下列句子。tobecometoeatcometogotodo根据汉语提示补全句子。1.你愿意帮忙打扫城市公园吗？

Wouldyoulike______________thecityparks?2.莉莉，你能帮我洗碗吗？

Couldyoupleasehelpme_______thedishes,Lily?3.简没有想出解决这道数学题的好方法。

Janedidn’t____________agoodway____________thismathproblem.tohelpcleanuptowash comeupwithtoworkout4.他们正计划去拉萨旅行。

They’re______________atriptoLassa.5.我们应该努力学习，将来为我们的祖国做重大的贡献。

Weshouldstudyhard________amajorcommitmentforourcountryinthefuture.planningtotake tomake根据汉语提示完成下列句子。Wemustfindaperson____________(做这项工作)2.Inmyfamily,mymotherisalwaysthefirstone_______(起床).3.Doyouhave____________________(什么问题要问)？4.Pleasetellme___________________(怎样念这个词).todotheworktogetup anyquestionstoaskhowtosay