2021-2022学年河南省郑州市高一（上）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）

202L2022学年河南省郑州市高一（上）期末英语试卷

A

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。

TaketimetowalkinShakespeare'sfootsteps,withouttheusualcrowds.YourvisittoShakespeare's

BirthplacewillhelpustomakesurethatShakespeare'sheritagesurvivesthisdifficultperiodforfuture

visitorstoenjoy.

Tokeepourvisitorsandstaffsafe,wehaveintroducedatimedticketsystem.Allticketsmustbebooked

inadvance.Groupslargerthan6arenotallowedtobookunlesstheyarepartofthesamehousehold.See

belowformoredetailsandreadabouttheextrasafetymeasureswe'veputinplace.

PleasenotethatAnneHathaway'sCottage,Shakespeare'sNewPlace,MaryArden'sFarmandHall'sCroft

areclosed.

Pre-booking

We'llbeunabletoallowyouentrywithoutapre-bookedtimedentryticket.Ticketswillbesoldevery

Friday,upto2weeksinadvance.

Beforeyourvisit

Pleaserememberthefollowingthings,andcheckourwebsiteandsocialmediaforupdatesbefore

travelling.

•IfshowingCOVID-19symptoms(症状)，pleasestayathome.

•Wearamaskinindoorspaces(unlessnoted).

•Weconducttemperaturechecks.

•Bagchecksareinoperation.

•Wedonotofferbaggagestorefacilities.

•Bereadyforcashlesspayment.

NHSCOVID-19TestandTraceapp

VisitorsareencouragedtodownloadtheNHSCOVID-19TestandTraceappbeforearrivalat

Shakespeare'sBirthplaceand"check-in"byscanningtheQRcodeavailableattheticketdeskandentrance

totheshop.

1.Whichofthefollowingplacescanyouvisitnow?

A.MaryArden'sFarm.B.Shakespeare^Birthplace.

C.AnneHathaway'sCottage.D.Shakespeare'sNewPlace.

2.Whichkindofticketcanensureyourentry?

A.AticketreleasedonFriday.B.Apre-boughtseasonticket.

C.Apre-bookedtimedentryticket.D.Anonlinebookedyearlyticket.

3.Whatshouldyoudobeforevisiting?

A.Getyourbagchecked.B.Takecashwithyou.

C.Haveyourfacecovered.D.Stayathomefortwoweeks.

B

Mostteensaretryingtofindtheirpurposesinlife.However,GitanjaliRao,a15-year-oldgirlhasbeen

comingupwithcreativesolutionstoworldwideproblemssinceshewas10.ltis,therefore,notsurprising

thattheteenhaswonthehonorof"America'sTopYoungScientist".

Inthe3rdgrade,Raowasinspiredtodosomethingafterseeingthecity'sprimarywatersupplyinher

hometownwaspollutedbyafactorynearbyandthathighlevelsoflead（铅）madeitswayintopeople's

drinkingwater.

After2months*research,Raodesignedatoolthatusedsensorstoinstantlydiscoverleadinwater.Called

Tethys,aftertheGreekGoddess（女神）offreshwater,itinformstheresidentsviaanappiftheirdrinking

watercontainslead.Thedesignearnedherthe3MYoungScientistChallengein2O17.Sheisnowworking

withscientistsandmedicalprofessionalstotestTethys*potentialandhopesthedevicewillbereadyfor

marketinthenearfuture.

Later,Raotookonanothersocialissue-drug（毒品）addiction.Herapp,calledEpione,whichwon

theHealthPillarPrizeinMay2019,isdesignedtocatchdrugaddictioninyoungadultsbeforeit*stoolate.

Morerecently,theteenhasdevelopedanappnamedKindly,whichusesAItechnologytofindpossible

signsofcyberbullying（网络欺凌）.Whenuserstypeinawordorphrase,Kindlyisabletopickitupif

it'sbullying，andthenitgivesthechoicetoedititorsenditthewayitis.Itgivesthemthechancetorethink

whattheyaresayingsothattheyknowwhattodonexttime.

GitanjaliRaohasbeenselectedfrom5,000equallyimpressivenominees（被提名人）forTIME'S

first-ever"KidoftheYear".

4.WhatledtoRao'sinventingTethys?

A.Theaccidentofleadpollution.

B.Theissuewithdrugaddiction.

C.Theshortageofwatersupplies.

D.Thehighcostofmakingwaterclean.

5.WhatisRaoexpectingofTethys?

A.It'llbefittedtocellphones.B.It'llwinherahigherprize.

C.Ifllbeputonthemarketsoon.D.It'llremoveleadfromwater.

6.WhatwillKindlyallowuserstodo?

A.Receivewarningsignalsofthreat.

B.Inputwordsintoacomputerdirectly.

C.Choosefromsafesocialnetworkingsites.

D.Considertheirwordsbeforepostingonline.

7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeRao?

A.Professionalandpositive.B.Creativeandproductive.

C.Inspiringandadventurous.D.Determinedandamazing.

c

Thoughmanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe've

“summered"."Summer”isclearlyanoun-averbednoun.

Inourchildhood,wealllearnedthedifferencebetweenanounandaverb.Withsuchacleardefinition,

itwaseasytonoticethedifference.Notsoinadulthood,whenweareexpectedto"foot"thebilland"chair"

meetings.Chancesarethatyoudidn'tfeeluncomfortableaboutthoseverbednouns.

"TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage,nsaysPatricia,aformereditoratTheNewYork

TimesBookReview.Expertsfoundthat20%ofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.Anditseemstobe

snowballing.Since1900,about40%ofnewverbshavecomefromnouns.

Eventhoughtheconversion（转化）isquitecommon,plentyoflanguageexpertsdisagreewithit.William

StrunkJr.andE.B.Whitehavethistosay,"Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Not

allarebad,butsomeareindoubt."TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advising

writerstouseverbswithgreatcare.

"Sometimespeopledislikeanewverbbecausetheyrefusetoacceptwhatisunfamiliartothem,“says

Patricia.That'swhywe'recomfortable"hosting"aparty,butwemightfeelupsetbythethoughtof

"medaling"insports.Soarethereanyrulesforverbing?BenjaminDreyer,copychiefatRandomHouse,

doesn'tofferarule,butsuggeststhatpeoplethink,twiceabout"verbifying"（使动词化）anounifit'seasily

replacedbyanalreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit'sdescriptivebutnotsilly-sounding,hesays.

Intheend,however,styleissubjective（主观的）.Theeasyconversionofnounstoverbshasbeenpart

ofEnglishgrammarforcenturies.ltisoneoftheprocessesthatmakeEnglish“English0.Noteverynew

wordpassesintogeneraluse,butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.

8.Whatcanwelearnabouttheverbingofnouns?

A.Ithascomeintousesincealongtimeago.

B.Ithasbeensupportedbymanylanguageexperts.

C.Itiseasilyreplacedbyexistingverbsinpractice.

D.Itismorecommonlyacceptedbychildrenthanadults.

9.Whatislanguageexperts*attitudetowardstheverbingofnouns?

A.Cold.B.Careful.C.Unclear.D.Positive.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itisimpossibletoendtheverbingofnouns.

B.NewverbswillstayintheEnglishlanguageforever.

C.Mostpeopleareagainstusingnewverbsfromnouns.

D.Thereisanobviousruleforchangingverbstonouns.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Areallnewverbsfromnouns?

B.Arethereanyrulesforverbing?

C.Areyoucomfortableaboutanewverb?

D.Are"summering"and"medaling"annoying?

D

Antsknowwhenanearthquakeisabouttostrike,researchershavediscovered.Theirbehaviorchanges

greatlybeforethequakeandtheynormalfunctioningonlyadayafterit.GabrieleBerberichofthe

UniversityofDuisburg-EsseninGermanypresentedthesefindingsaccordingtoLiveScience.

Berberichandherteamdiscoveredthatredwoodantspreferredtobuildtheirhomesrightalongactive

faults（断层）inGermany.Theycounted15,000mounds（土堆）liningthefaults.Thesefaultsarethe

placeswheretheearthbreaksinearthquakes.

Usingaspecialcamerathattrackedchangesinactivity,Berberichandherteamtrackedtheantsroundthe

clockforthreeyears.Theyfoundthattheants*behaviorchangedonlywhenthequakewasovermagnitude

2.0.Therewere10earthquakesbetweenmagnitude2.0and3.2duringthisperiod,andmanysmaller

ones.Humanscanalsosensequakesovermagnitude2.0only.

AccordingtoBerberich,normalantactivityismadeupofgoingaboutcollectingfoodduringthedayand

restinginthenight.Butbeforeanearthquake,theantsdidn*tgobacktotheirmoundinthenightandmoved

aroundoutsideit.Thisstrangebehaviorcontinuedtilladayaftertheearthquake,Berberichtoldanews

conference,accordingtoLiveScience.

Howdoantsknowanearthquakeiscoming?Berberichsuggestedthattheycouldeitherbepickingup

changinggasornotingsmallchangesintheearth'smagneticfields（磁场."Redwoodantshavespecial

cellswhichcansensechangesincarbondioxidelevels.Theyalsohavespecialcellsfordiscovering

electromagneticfields,Mshesaid.Berberichandherteamareplanningtocontinuetheresearchinareas

wheretherearemoreandbiggerearthquakes.

12.Theunderlinedword"resume"inParagraph1probablymeans"

A.presentB.recoverC.quitD.improve

13.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tobringinthemaintopic.

B.Tomakethetextinteresting.

C.Tointroduceafamousresearcher.

D.Totellhowtopredictanearthquake.

14.Whathappenstotheantsbeforeanearthquake?

A.Theyaretooexcitedtorest.

B.Theydon'tcollecttheirfood.

C.Theygetlostontheirwayhome.

D.Theyrefusetogoinsidetheirmound.

15.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheantsfromthepassage?

A.Theycanonlysensesmallerearthquakes.

B.Theyhavetwowaystopredictearthquakes.

C.Theycanbedependedontowarnpeopleofearthquakes.

D.Theyliketobuildtheirhomeswhereearthquakeshappen.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选

项中有两项为多余选项。

EarthHourisorganizedbytheWorldWideFundforNature.Il'sabigeventusuallyattheendofMarch

everyyear.Onthisevening,people*'godark”.⑴

It'struethatturningofflightsforonehoursavesonlyasmallamountofpower.(2)Ononelevel,joining

inEarthHourmakespeoplethinkabouttheproblemofclimatechangeandwhatwecandoineveryday

lifetoprotectnature.Butonanotherlevel,alargenumberofpeople'sactingtogethersendsapowerful

messagetogovernmentsandcompanies.(3)Theybeginconsideringgreenissuesandprotectingwildlife

whenmakingbigdecisions.

Thelogo(标识)ofEarthHourisH60+"Thenumber60isforthe60minutesofEarthHour.(4)Infact,

peoplewhojoininEarthHoursaythattakingpartmakesthemwanttodomorefortheenvironment.

(5)Musiciansgiveconcertsbyplayingacoustic(原声的)instrumentsinsteadofelectricones,andusing

candlesinsteadofelectriclights.Famouscookscreatespecialrecipesforfamiliestoprepareandeatby

candlelight.Tree-pIantingactivities,groupwalksandrunsarealsoamongthechoices.

A.However,thisisonlythebeginning.

B.EarthHourmeanseveryhourofeveryday.

C.Everyonehastoberesponsibleforwhattheyhavedone.

D.Apartfromturningoffthelights,peopletakepartinotherevents.

E.Thatis,theyturnoffunnecessarylightsatthesametimeforonehour.

F.Itpushesthemtotakeimmediatemeasuresbymakingnecessarychanges.

G.TheplusinvitespeopletocontinuetheiractionevenafterEarthHourisover.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Istillkeepthephototakenbymymomandtreasureitasmylife.ThatwasmanyyearsagowhenIwas

havingsummer(21)incollegeandwasmovingintoanapartment.Iwascarryingtwo(22)witheverything

Iwasgoingtoneedto(23)thesixweeksofcourse.IfsthelasttimeIcanrememberevertravelingthat(24).

Sincethen，mybelongingshave(25).Thoughmostofthemlikemyfurnitureare(26),thereareoccasions

whenIfeelweigheddownbyallofthem.I'msureI'llneedtwotrucks(27)twosuitcasesifIever(28)again.

However,onethoughtbringsme(29).IfstheknowledgethatwhenImakemy(30)journeyfromthis

world-I'mdead，Iwon't(31)anyofthosethingswithme.TheonlythingsPlltakewillbewhatI'vepacked

inthesuitcaseofmy(32).I'llbecarryingwithmeevery£33)thingIeverdid,everylovingthoughtIever

sharedandeverybitoff34)Ieverbroughtintothisworldtomakeotherslaugh.I'llbecarryingallthe

goodnessIgavetoothers,allthe(35)IwasabletoshareandallthejoyIcreated.Thesethingswon'tbe

weighingmedown.Instead,I'llbesurely(36).

AsyouYe(37)foryourownfinaltrip-completelyprepared,makesureyoushouldnotmakeyour(38)

heavy.Makesurethebelongingsinyourhome(39)takesecondplacetotheloveinyourheart.Whenyou

(40)itintheheaven,alltheangelswillsmile.

21.A.classesB.holidaysC.debatesD.visits

22.A.handbagsB.packagesC.suitcasesD.containers

23.A.applyforB.concentrateonC.adapttoD.getthrough

24.A.hardB.unforgettablyC.lightD.happily

25.A.improvedB.grownC.disappearedD.existed

26.A.expensiveB.unusualC.enjoyableD.useful

27.A.otherthanB.despiteC.ratherthanD.besides

28.A.moveB.countC.considerD.demand

29.A.confusionB.matterC.comfortD.worry

30.A.safeB.finalC.longD.painful

31.A.takeB.compareC.connectD.see

32.A.homeB.bodyC.collegeD.mind

33.A.kindB.strangeC.littleD.common

34.A.knowledgeB.laughterC.hopeD.thought

35.A.treasureB.informationC.profitD.love

36.A.tiredoutB.helpedoutC.liftedupD.givenup

37.A.eagerB.readyC.suitableD.responsible

38.A.travelB.worldC.scheduleD.heart

39.A.evenB.seldomC.alwaysD.never

40.A.coverB.findC.unifyD.unpack

41.第二节

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答

题卡相应的位置上。

FewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanChinahigh-speedrailsystem,especiallythespeedat£1)

itdeveloped-andisstilldeveloping.Suchspeedisknownas"Chinaspeed1'.

''Chinaspeed"(2)(mean)alottothecountry.Thepast30yearshaveseenChina'srapid

developmentin⑶(variety)areas，liketheeconomy,technologyandtrade.We'veseenlotsof

tall(4)(building)springupalmostovernight,withroadsandhighwaysconnectingevery

comer.Andmobilepaymentandonlineshoppingareplayingincreasinglyimportantrolesin

everyone*slife.China'sspeedhaschangedourcountryandimpressedtheworld.

(5),asweenjoythebenefitsof"Chinaspeed",theproblemsitbringsuscan'tbeignored,suchas

theairpollutionandtrafficproblems.Asahighpriceis⑹(pay)now,maybeweshouldthink

aboutwhat"Chinaspeed"willbringusinthenext30years.

Weneedtoknowourfuturedependsonthechoiceswemaketoday,soitisourduty⑺(give)

Chinaanewdefinition.Ifyoupaycloseattentiontotheword"speed",youmaynoticethateachletter

standsforsomething(8)(interest)：Society,Progress,Economy,Environmentand

Development.Oursociety*sprogressdepends⑼(large)onthebalanceamongthem.Thatiswhat

weneedtokeep(10)mindasChinacontinuestospeedahead.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

42.第一节短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10

处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

(2)只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Sincelastyear,thehaze(霜)weatherhadhappenedmanytimesinmyhometown,whenithasdone

greatharmtoourlife.What'sworse,manypeoplehavetoseethedoctorduewithseriousdiseases

causedbythehaze.

Peoplehaverealizedtheharmeffectsontheirhealthandtheimportanceofprotectthe

environment.Measureshavetakentoreducethehaze.Thegovernmentsuggestseachcitizengoesto

workbypublictransport.

Asforme,Igotoschoolbybikeandonfooteveryday.Besides,Iwilltelltheotherstoprotectthe

environment,too.Now,itfstimeforeachofustocontributetotheenvironmentalprotection,doesn't

it?

43.假如你校正在举行"AnotherforeignlanguageIwanttolearn”的征文比赛，请用英语写〜篇

短文向校英文报投稿。要点包括：

(1)另一门外语的名称；

(2)学习该语言的理由；

(3)学习该语言的方案。

注意：

(1)词数100左右;

(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

AnotherforeignlanguageIwanttolearn

答案和解析

1〜3.【答案】B、C、A

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中

YourvisittoShakespeare'sBirthplacewillhelpustomakesurethatShakespeare'sheritagesurvivesthis

difficultperiodforfuturevisitorstoenjoy.（您对莎士比亚出生地的参观将有助于我们确保莎土比亚

的遗产在这段艰难时期得以保存，以便未来的游客能够欣赏。）和第二段中

Tokeepourvisitorsandstaffsafe,wehaveintroducedatimedticketsystem.（为确保旅客和员工的安

全，我们引入了定时售票系统。）可知，去Shakespeare'sBirthplace游玩可以确保莎士比亚的遗产

流传到后世，因此莎士比亚的出生地是可以参观的。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中

We'llbeunabletoallowyouentrywithoutapre-bookedtimedentryticket.TicketswillbesoldeveryFri

day,upto2weeksinadvance.（如果您没有预订的定时入场券，我们将不能让您进入。门票每周

五发售，最多提前两周发售。）可知，疫情期间需要提前预定并且限时的门票，故选C。

（3）B.细节理解题。根据Beforeyourvisit部分中的第四点Bagchecksareinoperation.（进行行李

检查。）可知，进园之前需要检查包裹，故选A。

这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了疫情期间去莎士比亚出生地游玩的注意事项.

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语

句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确

答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4〜7.【答案】A、C、C、B

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Inthe3rdgrade,

Raowasinspiredtodosomethingafterseeingthecity'sprimarywatersupplyinherhometownwaspoll

utedbyafactorynearbyandthathighlevelsoflead（铅）madeitswayintopeople'sdrinkingwater.（在

三年级时，Rao看到家乡城市的主要供水被附近的一家工厂污染，以及高水平的铅污染，她受到

了启发，想做点什么来阻止铅进入人们的饮用水中。）可知，她发明的这个装置是受铅中毒事件

的启发，故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段

SheisnowworkingwithscientistsandmedicalprofessionalstotestTethys'potentialandhopesthedevi

cewillbereadyformarketinthenearfuture.（她现在正在与科学家和医学专业人员合作，测试特提

斯的潜力，并希望该设备能在不久的将来投入市场。）可知，这个发明很快就会上市的。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Morerecently,theteenagerhasdevelopedanappnamedKindly,

whichusesartificialintelligencetechnologytodetectpossiblesignsofcyberbullying（网上欺凌）.（最

近，这名青少年开发了一款名为"好心"的应用程序，它利用人工智能技术来检测可能存在的网络

欺凌迹象。）可知，这个程序是监测选择安全的社交网站。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据文章内容，本文主要写了15岁的女孩从10岁起就开始为世界性的问题提

出创新的解决方案。根据生活中的不同要求发明不同的东西，可见她是一个具有创造性的人。

A.Professionalandpositive专业和积极的；B.Creativeandproductive.有创造的和多产的：

C.Inspiringandadventurous鼓舞人心和冒险的；D.Determinedandamazing决心坚定且令人惊叹的。

故选B。

本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了少年Rao的主要发明，并取得了《时代》杂志首次评选出"年度最

佳儿童奖”的故事。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语

句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8〜11.【答案】A->B、A->D

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段中"TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage,

"（"名词用作动词的历史和英语一样悠久。"）以及Since1900,about40%ofnewverbshavecome

fromnouns.（自1900年以来，大约40%的新动词来自名词。）可知，名词用作动词在很久以前就

开始了，A项表述正确；根据第四段中Eventhoughtheconversion（转化）isquitecommon,plenty

oflanguageexpertsdisagreewithit.（尽管这种转换非常普遍，但许多语言专家不同意这种说法。）

可知，B项表述错误；根据倒数第二段中peoplethinktwiceabout"verbifying"anounifit'seasily

replacedbyanalreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit'sdescriptivebutnotsilly-sounding（如果——个

名词很容易被一个已经存在的流行动词取代，人们会三思而后行。确保它是描述性的，而不是听

起来很傻的）可知，实际应用中名词用作动词不太容易被现有的动词取代，排除C项；D项"儿童

比成人更容易接受"未提及。故选A。

（2）观点态度题。根据第四段Eventhoughtheconversionisquitecommon,plentyoflanguageexperts

disagreewithit.WilliamStrunkJr.andE.B.Whitehavethistosay,"Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressed

intoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad,butsomeareindoubt."TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilar

standpoint,advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.（尽管这种转换很常见，但许多语言专家不

同意这种说法。小威廉•斯特伦克和E.B.怀特说过，"近来许多名词都被当作动词使用了。不是所

有的都是坏的，但有些是不确定的。《芝加哥文体手册》也持类似观点，建议作家们小心使用动

词。）可知语言专家对名词用作动词的态度是小心谨慎的，故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其最后一"RJNoteverynewwordpassesintogeneraluse,butas

fortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.（不是每一个新词都能被广泛使用，但至于试图完全停

止使用动词，还是算了吧。）可推断，名词用作动词是不可能结束的。故选A。

（4）标题概括题。阅读全文，并根据第一段Thoughmanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenice

lastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe've"summered"."Summer"isclearlyanoun-averbednoun.（虽然

去年夏天我们中的许多人可能都去了某个美好的地方，但很少有人会说我们已经”summerered”了。

“Summer"显然是一个名词-一个动词化的名词）可知，文章主要讨论的是名词用作动词的问题；

根据第四段第一句Eventhoughtheconversionisquitecommon,plentyoflanguageexpertsdisagree

withit.（尽管这种转换很常见，但许多语言专家不同意这种说法）以及That'swhywe'recomfortable

"hosting"aparty,butwemightfeelupsetbythethoughtof"medaling"insports.（这就是为什么我们

很乐意”举办"一个聚会，但我们可能会对体育运动中的"获得奖牌"感到不安），第三段中Experts

foundthat20%ofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.Anditseemstobesnowballing.Since1900,

about40%ofnewverbshavecomefromnouns.（专家发现，所有英语动词中有20%原本是名词。而

且好像滚雪球一样。自1900年以来，大约40%的新动词来自名词）以及倒数第二段中S。arethere

anyrulesforverbing?（那么名词转换成动词有什么规则吗？）等可知，本文涉及"所有新动词都

来自名词吗？","名词用作动词有什么规则吗？"和”你对一个新动词感到舒服吗？”等问题，所以

ABC三项皆不能概括文章主题。D项中的summering和medaling皆为文中列举的名词用作动词的

例子，最能概括文章主题，作为标题最贴切。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文，文章主要说明了各方对名词用作动词这一现象的观点。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12〜15.【答案】B、A、D、B

【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段Thisstrangeandabnormalbehaviorcontinuedtilladayafter

theearthquake（这种奇怪和反常的行为一直持续到地震后的一天。）所以研究人员发现，蚂蚁知

道地震何时来袭。他们的行为在地震前发生了很大的变化，那么在震后很快就“恢复"正常了。故

可推断出"resume"的意思为"恢复"。A.present赠与；B.recover恢复；C.quit放弃;D.improve提升。

故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Antsknowwhenanearthquakeisabouttostrike,researchershave

discovered（研究人员发现，蚂蚁知道地震即将来临）提出了蚂蚁能预测地震的发生。接着在第二

段一直到最后一段叙述了Berberich和她的同事对红木蚁的追踪研究，得出了红木蚁是如何知道地

震的来临。因此可推断出第一段是为了引出下文的主题.故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Butbeforeanearthquake,theantsdidn'tgobacktotheirmoundinthe

nightandmovedaroundoutsideit.Thisstrangeandabnormalbehaviorcontinuedtilladayafterthe

earthquake（但在地震前，蚂蚁晚上没有回到自己的土堆（巢穴），而是在巢穴外活动。）此处的

iheif'mound"是指蚂蚁的"nests（巢穴）"，由此可知，蚂蚁在震前没有进入它们的巢，故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Howdoantsknowanearthquakeiscoming?Berberichsuggestedthat

theycouldeitherbepickingupchanginggasemissionsornotingtinychangesintheEarth'smagnetic

fields（磁场）."Redwoodantshavespecialcellswhichcandetectchangesincarbondioxidelevels.They

alsohavespecialcellsfordetectingelectromagneticfields.（蚂蚁如何知道地震即将来临？Berberich

指出他们要么是在监测不断变化的气体排放，要么是注意到地球磁场的微小变化。红木蚁有特殊

的细胞，可以检测二氧化碳含量的变化。他们也有特殊的细胞来探测电磁场。）由此判断出，蚂

蚁可能有两种方法来预测地震，即检测二氧化碳的变化和探测电磁场。因此

B.Theyhavetwowaystopredictearthquakes.（他们有两种方法预测地震。）符合题意。故选B。

本文为说明文。文章通过对红木蚁的追踪研究发现，蚂蚁能预测地震的发生。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在

十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺

序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对

文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息

进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，

研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖

掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，

掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因

果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16〜20.【答案】E、A、F、G、D

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文Onthisevening,people"godark"（在这个晚上,人们‘走向

黑暗'），可知选项E”也就是说，他们在同一时间关掉所有不必要的灯一个小时”是对上文的具体

解释，选项中switchoffallunnecessarylightsatthesametime和上文中dark语义相关，通顺合理。

故选E。

（2）推理判断题。根据上文It'struethatturningofflightsforjustonehoursavesonlyasmallamount

ofpower（的确，关灯一小时只节省少量的电力）说明关灯一个小时看似作用不大，以及后文

Ononelevel,

joininginEarthHourmakespeoplethinkabouttheproblemofclimatechangeandwhatwecandoinev

erydaylifetoprotectnature.Butonanotherlevel>

alargenumberofpeople'sactingtogethersendsapowerfulmessagetogovernmentsandcompanies（在

一个层面上，加入"地球一小时”让人们思考气候变化的问题，以及我们在日常生活中可以做些什

么来保护自然。但在另一个层面，许多人的共同行动向政府和公司发出了强有力的信息），可知

选项A"但这只是开始”承接上文，转折语义，说明这只是个开始，引出下文阐述关灯一个小时所

带来的益处，以及更深层的做法和意义。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据上文Butonanotherlevel,alargenumberofpeople'sactingtogethersendsa