2020-2021全国高考英语阅读理解的综合高考真题汇总

一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解

ResearchersinAustraliahavediscoveredaneffectivenewmethodtocapturetheatmosphericcarbondioxidethatisdamagingourplanetandtransformitintosomethingsolid,makingitmucheasiertostore.

Carboncaptureisn'tnew,butpreviousmethodscallforthegastobecompressedintoliquidandtheninjectedunderground.Widespreadusageofthattechnologyhasbeenlockedbyeconomicandenvironmentalconcernsduetopossibleleaks.Instead,inastudypublishedinNatureCommunications,thegroupdetailstheirsustainableandcost-effectiveplanfortransformingCO2intocoal.

Thisnewprocessinvolvesaliquidmetalcatalyst(催化剂)thatisefficientinconductingelectricity.CO2gasisdissolvedinacontainerwithsomeliquid.Onceelectricitychargeisintroduced,theCO2beginstoturnintosolidpiecesofcarbon,whichcanbecollectedandstored.

Whatmakesthisparticularlyuniqueisthattheentireprocesscanoccuratroomtemperature.Previousexperimentshaveonlyshownagastosolidconversionatextremelyhightemperature,whichmadeitimpossibleonalargescale.Now,theresearchersarehopingthattheirworkwillbeusedtocreateevenfurtherwhenitcomestocarbonstorage.

Inaninterestingsidebenefit,thesolidcarbonalsoworksasanelectrode(焊条),whichopensupaworldofpossibilities."Asidebenefitoftheprocessisthatthecarboncanholdelectricalcharge,becomingasuperbattery,soitcouldpotentiallybeusedasapartinfuturevehicles,"explainsDr.DornaEstrafilzadeh,aresearcher."Theprocessalsoproducesfuelasaby-product,whichcouldalsohaveindustrialapplications."（1）Whatcanweknowaboutthepreviouscarboncapturemethods?A.

Peoplehavetoinjectliquidtothegas.B.

Thepreviousmethodscanbedoneeasily.C.

Thepreviousmethodsarenotverypopular.D.

Peoplehavewidelyacceptedpreviousmethods.（2）Whatisthespecialpartofthenewmethod?A.

Itneedselectricitytomaketheprocessefficient.B.

Itcanbedoneinanykindofcontainer.C.

Itdoesn'tneedextremetemperature.D.

Itcanproducemuchsolidcarbon.（3）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.

Themethodwillmakefossiloildisappear.B.

Themethodwillinfluencethefutureindustry.C.

Themethodwillmakedevelopedcountriesmorepowerful.D.

Themethodwillbeusedtomakenewvehicles.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

HowtochangecarbonintoCO2.B.

Anewcarboncapturetechnology.C.

Anewtechnologytogetusefulcarbon.D.

Australiamakestheworldcleanerthanbefore.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的碳捕获技术的原理，优点和对未来工业的影响。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Widespreadusageofthattechnologyhasbeenlockedbyeconomicandenvironmentalconcernsduetopossibleleaks.”可知之前技术的广泛应用受到了经济和环境方面的限制。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Whatmakesthisparticularlyuniqueisthattheentireprocesscanoccuratroomtemperature.”可知新技术独特的地方是整个过程可以在室温条件下进行。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“whichopensupaworldofpossibilities；itcouldpotentiallybeusedasapartinfuturevehicles和whichcouldalsohaveindustrialapplications”可知这种技术的产物开辟了很多新的可能，可以被变成超级电池为未来车辆供能，过程中的副产品可以作为燃料应用到工业中，由此推测该技术会对未来的工业产生巨大影响。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ResearchersinAustraliahavediscoveredaneffectivenewmethodtocapturetheatmosphericcarbondioxide”和下文讲述的内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的碳捕获方法的原理和优点及其影响。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Peoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmonaverage,andIranianmengaining16.5cm.Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18-year-oldsin200countriesbetween1914and2014.

TheresultsshowthatwhileSwedeswerethetallestpeopleintheworldin1914,Dutchmenhaverisenfrom12thplacetoclaimtopspotwithanaverageheightof182.5cm.Latvianwomen,meanwhile,rosefrom28thplacein1914tobecomethetallestintheworldacenturylater,withanaverageheightof169.8cm.

JamesBentham,aco-authoroftheresearchfromImperialCollege,London,saystheglobaltrendislikelytobeduetoimprovementsinnutritionandhealthcare."Anindividual'sgeneticshasabiginfluenceontheirheight,butonceyouaverageoverwholepopulations,geneticsplaysalesskeyrole,"headded.

Alittleextraheightbringsanumberofadvantages,saysElioRiboliofImperialCollege."Beingtallerisassociatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy,"hesaid."Thisislargelyduetoalowerriskofdyingofcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseamongtallerpeople."

Butwhileheighthasincreasedaroundtheworld,thetrendinmanyAfricancountriescausesconcern,saysRiboli.WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20thcentury,thetrendhasreversedinrecentyears,withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds.

"Onereasonforthesedecreasesinheightistheeconomicsituationinthe1980s,"saidAlexanderMoradioftheUniversityofSussex.Thenutritionalandhealthcrisesthatfollowedthepolicyofstructuraladjustment,hesays,ledtomanychildrenandteenagersfailingtoreachtheirfullpotential(潜力)intermsofheight.

Benthambelievestheglobaltrendofincreasingheighthasimportantimplications"Howtallwearenowisstronglyinfluencedbytheenvironmentwegrewupin,"hesaid."Ifwegivechildrenthebestpossiblestartinlifenow,theywillbehealthierandmoreproductivefordecadestocome."（1）Whatdoestheglobalstudytellusaboutpeople'sheightinthelastcentury?A.

Theincreaseinpeople'sheighthasbeenquickening.B.

Theincreaseinwomen'sheightisbiggerthaninmen's.C.

Thereisaremarkabledifferenceacrosscontinents.D.

Therehasbeenanoticeableincreaseinmostcountries.（2）WhatdoesElioRibolisayabouttallerpeople?A.

Theyenjoyaneasierlife.

B.

Theytendtolivelonger.C.

Theyriskfewerdeadlydiseases.

D.

Theyhavegreaterexpectationsinlife.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reversed"inParagraph5mean?A.

Sloweddown.

B.

Goneupwards.

C.

Changedtothecontrary.

D.

Cometolifeagain.（4）WhatdoesJamesBenthamsuggestwedo?A.

Ensurechildren'spropernutritionandhealthcare.B.

Improvetheeconomicsituationofsomecountries.C.

Watchtheglobaltrendofincreasingheightclosely.D.

Attachgreatimportancetoenvironmentalprotection.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，全球研究调查了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。全球身高增长的趋势有着重要的影响。我们现在的身高很大程度上受到我们成长环境的影响。如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。作者建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Peoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmonaverage,andIranianmengaining16.5cm.Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18-year-oldsin200countriesbetween1914and2014.“在过去的一个世纪里，人们的身高不断增长，韩国女性的平均身高增加了20厘米以上，伊朗男性的平均身高增加了16.5厘米。一项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青年的平均身高。"可知，这项全球研究调查了1914年到2014年200个国家18岁年轻人的平均身高，得出了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Beingtallerisassociatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy“可知，身材更高的人平均寿命更长。故选B。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的”WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20thcentury“而在20世纪早期，乌干达和尼日尔的身高有所增加；以及”withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds.“在18岁的人群中，随着身高的下降。可知，reversed的意思是"反转"。故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”Ifwegivechildrenthebestpossiblestartinlifenow,theywillbehealthierandmoreproductivefordecadestocome.“如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来的几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。可知，他建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．（2019•天津）阅读理解

Howdoesanecosystem（生态系统）work?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.

Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator（掠食动物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（猎物）,thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction（灭绝）ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.

Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspeciesincludingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.

Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.

Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint（临界点）,itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.（1）Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？A.

Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B.

Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C.

Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D.

Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.（2）Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator______.A.

hasawidefoodchoice

B.

caneasilyfindnewpreyC.

stickstoonepreyspecies

D.

canquicklymovetoanotherplace（3）Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline？A.

Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B.

Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C.

Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D.

Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.（4）WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4？A.

Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B.

Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C.

Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D.

Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.（5）Howdoesanearly-warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance？A.

Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B.

Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C.

Bybringingthebroken-downecosystemsbacktonormal.D.

Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些在食物网运营的关键原则。科学家们说;因为一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们很难再回来。该系统将告诉我们何时适应人类活动，这些活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，或者甚至允许我们将生态系统从边缘拉回来，预防是关键。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.”可知，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了食物网中的一些关键原则。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Whenapredator(掠食动物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(猎物)，thetwospeciesarestronglylinked”可知，当捕食者总是吃大量的单一猎物，这两个物种是紧密相连的。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhad,asurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack”可知，处于食物网顶端的食肉动物对它们没有直接攻击的其他物种的种群数量有着惊人的控制，由此可推断出，如果食物链顶级食肉动物的数量大大下降，其他物种的种群将经历意想不到的变化。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ideallythesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline”可知，人类过度的活动会将生态系统推向崩溃，由此可推断出，不受控制的人类活动极大地破坏了生态系统。故选A。（5）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warmingsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideallythesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.”可知，早期变暖系统发出紧急需要采取预防行动的信号帮助我们维持生态平衡。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

"Thehistoryoftheworldisbutthebiography(传记)ofgreatmen,"arguedThomasCarlyle,theadvocateofwhathascometobeknownasthe"GreatManTheoryofHistory."Thistheorysuggeststhatthebroadermovementsandoutlineofhistoryallgobacktotheleadershipofgreatindividualswhohaduniqueinfluenceontheirtimes.WhetherornotCarlyle'stheoryprovestrueisdebatable,butthatcertainindividualscastlongshadowsisnot.

Asonewhoisentrustedwithaleadershipposition,Ifinditprofitabletoreadofotherswhohaveled.Whereveryoufindme,you'lllikelyfindagoodbiographynearby.Whyisthisthecase?First,Ifindgoodbiographiesfascinating.I'lloccasionallyreadanovel,butI'veneverbeenoverlydrawntofiction.IhavefoundmyselfunabletosleepwhileinthestruggleoftheBattleofBritaininWilliamManchester'sTheLastLion.Forme,nottoreadbiographieswouldrobmeofpleasureinmylife.

Second,Ifindgoodbiographiesinformative.Agoodbiographertellsnotonlythestoryofaperson,butalsooftheirtimes.Readingagoodbiographyislikewanderingthroughanintellectualshoppingmall.Thefirststoreiswhatdrewyouthere,butyouwillbepleasantlysurprisedalongthewayatwhatotheritemsgrabyourattention.You'llfindnobetteraccountoftheBritishEmpireatitspeakthantheopeningchaptersofManchester'sVisionsofGlory,volumeoneofhisTheLastLion.Strictlyspeaking,abiographyisbutasliceofhistory.

Third,Ifindgoodbiographiesrelaxing.WinstonChurchilloncenotedamanwhoworkswithhishandsshouldhaveahobbythatengageshismind,andamanwhoworkswithhismindshouldhaveahobbythatengageshishands.AnotherwaytoapplyChurchill'ssayingistocombinetechnical,pen-in-handvocationalreadingwithleisurelybiographicalreading.Indeed,fewthingsaremorerelaxingtomethanwindingdowntheeveningandenteringintoanotherworld.

ThisiswhyIlovereadinggoodbiographies,andwhyIpitythepersonwhoneglectsthem.Don'tbecountedamongtheirnumber.（1）Whatisimpliedinthefirstparagraph?A.

TheauthorfindsCarlyle'stheoryundebatable.B.

Carlylebelievesgreatmenalonecannotcreatehistory.C.

Itisdebatablewhetheroneshouldreadgreatmen'sbiographies.D.

Theauthoragreesthathistoryisgreatlyinfluencedbycertainmen.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"otheritems"inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.

goodbiographies

B.

storiesofcertaintimesC.

thevolumesofTheLastLion

D.

thechaptersoftheBritishEmpire（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.

Theauthorconsidersbiographicalreadingenjoyable.B.

Theauthorcantraveltoanotherworldintheevening.C.

Theauthorhasfoughtmanybattlesduringhislifetime.D.

Theauthorprofitscommerciallybyreadingbiographies.（4）Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.

Toanalyzethebenefitsofvocationalreading.B.

Tointroducetoreadershisuniquereadingstrategies.C.

Topresentgreatmen'shistorythroughbiographyreading.D.

Torecommendbiographyreadingthroughhisownexperiences.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者阐述了喜欢读好的传记的原因。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Thistheorysuggeststhatthebroadermovementsandoutlineofhistoryallgobacktotheleadershipofgreatindividualswhohaduniqueinfluenceontheirtimes"可知，这一理论表明，更广泛的历史运动和轮廓都可以追溯到对其时代有独特影响的伟大人物的领导。所以通过第一段的关键词"gobackto，haduniqueinfluenceontheirtimes"，判断出第一段暗示了作者同意历史受某些人的影响很大。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"Agoodbiographertellsnotonlythestoryofaperson,butalsooftheirtimes.Readingagoodbiographyislikewanderingthroughanintellectualshoppingmall.Thefirststoreiswhatdrewyouthere,butyouwillbepleasantlysurprisedalongthewayatwhatotheritemsgrabyourattention."可知，一个好的传记作家不仅讲述一个人的故事，而且还在讲述他们所处的时代。读一本好的传记就像漫步在一个充满智慧的购物中心。第一家商店吸引了你，但你会惊喜地发现，还有其它的商品吸引了你的注意力。所以作者把读好的传记比喻成购物，将历史人物和某个时期的历史故事比喻成商店的商品。故判断出第三段划线的"otheritems"指的是某个时期的故事。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Forme,nottoreadbiographieswouldrobmeofpleasureinmylife"以及第三段"Indeed,fewthingsaremorerelaxingtomethanwindingdowntheeveningandenteringintoanotherworld."可知，对我来说，不读传记会剥夺我生活的乐趣。的确，没有什么事情比悠闲地度过夜晚，进入另一个世界更令我放松。所以作者认为传记阅读令人愉快。故A选项"作者认为传记阅读令人愉快"是正确的。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"First,Ifindgoodbiographiesfascinating."；第三段中的"Second,Ifindgoodbiographiesinformative."；第四段中的"Third,Ifindgoodbiographiesrelaxing."以及最后段"ThisiswhyIlovereadinggoodbiographies,andwhyIpitythepersonwhoneglectsthem.Don'tbecountedamongtheirnumber."可知，首先，我觉得好的传记很吸引人。我发现好的传记信息丰富。我发现好的传记让人放松。这就是为什么我喜欢读好的传记，以及为什么我同情忽视它们的人。不要成为那些不读传记的人群的一员。可知，作者通过自己的经历阐述了自己喜欢读好的传记的原因目的是推荐人们读传记。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

DevonGallagher,acollegegraduatefromPhiladelphia,wantstheworldtoknowexactlywhereshe'sbeenwhileshe'sonherworldwidevacationinaspecialway.Thetraveler,whowasbornwithabonedisease,hadherrightlegamputated(截肢)attheageoffour.AlthoughtheamputationcausedinconvenienceforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.

Tospreadthatmessage.Gallagherhasgonetosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheworld,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tag(地理位置标签),shewritesherlocationonherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.

NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdamrelaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takinginthebeautifulParthenontempleinAthensandenjoyingariverrideinBudapest,allwiththewell-knownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.

"IgetanewlegeverytwoyearsandIcanchoosethedesignonit.OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalk-board,"Gallaghersaid."Mymumandgrandmotherdidn'tliketheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid."

Gallaghersaidpeopleoftenstarewhenshe'swritingonherleg,butonceshesharesthephotos,shereceivesonlypositivefeedback(反馈),"Myleghasn'tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI'vewantedtodo,"shesaid."Idon'tknowifit'smydeterminationtoprovetomyselfthatIcandoit,anyway,I'vebeenabletokeepupwithpeopleatmyageandleadaprettygreatlife."

Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.（1）WhatmessagedidGallapherwanttospreadinherspecialway?A.

Sheenjoyshertravellingacrosstheglobe.B.

Shesufferslittlefromherleg'samputation.C.

shelooksonhermisfortuneasanotherformofblessing.D.

Shehasexactlyfalleninlovewithpostingphotosonline.（2）Whatdoestheword"which"underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.

thecontinent

B.

thepictures

C.

theleg

D.

thelocation（3）Gallaphercanbestbedescribedas________.A.

helpfulandambitious

B.

friendlyandgenerousC.

determinedandcreative

D.

independentandsensible（4）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

NeverTooLatetoshare

B.

ASpecialArtificialLegC.

AnOutstandingPhotographer

D.

Gallagher'sSummerHolidays【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】DevonGallagher小时因病右腿截肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。长大后Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她的故事告诉我们不要让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中AlthoughtheamputationcausedinconvenienceforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.。尽管截肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。由此可知Gallagher想以她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选C。（2）推理判断题。NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdamrelaxingonawall…现在她在整个大陆拍照，应该是这些照片展示了…所以which指代的是她拍的照片，故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据第四段OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalk-board,"Gallaghersaid."Mymumandgrandmotherdidn'tliketheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid."Gallagher说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她chalk-board的主意，但她的朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知Gallagher很有决心。根据第二段

Tospreadthatmessage.Gallagherhasgonetosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheworld,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tag(地理位置标签),shewritesherlocationonherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture。Gallagher把她的位置写在假肢上来和大家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选C。（4）主旨大意题。最后一段Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart。是本文的主题句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截肢的Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。这篇文章是想通过Gallagher的一条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故ASpecialArtificialLeg是最好的标题。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6．阅读理解

AgreatnumberofspeciesmaketheirhomeinthevastwatersoftheAtlanticOcean.Althoughtheentireoceanmakesupanecosystem,manysmallerhabitatsarefoundwithin,includinganopen-waterhabitatoffthecoastoftheNorthernAtlanticOceanknownastheSargassoSea.Sargassumisanalga(海藻)thatfloatsinmassesthatcancontinueformiles.ThewatersoftheGulfStreampushthewaterinanorthwardmoveintothisarea.Thisconstantmoveandvaryingtemperaturesupporttheaccumulationofthebrown-coloredseaweed.

TheSargassoSeaissoenormousthatonemethodofinformationcollectionhasnotbeenenoughforscientiststoobtainanaccuratepictureofwhattakesplacewithinthisecosystem.Researchershaveneededtoemployseveralmethodsofsampling.Methodssuchasdraggingnetsoverthesurfaceofthewaterandvideotapingbeneathareasofsargassumhaveservedscientistswell.InformationcollectedhasshownthattheGulfStreampushesbrownalgaefromopenwaterintotheSargassoSeaarea,creatingadiversefloatinghabitatinanareathatwouldotherwisenotsupportthatwildlife.

InthemostrecentstudyofthesargassumcommunityofftheshoresofNorthCarolina,eighty-onefishspeciesweredocumentedasusingtheareaasamicrohabitat.Thisisanincreasefrompreviousstudies.Thetypesoffishfoundherearebothcommerciallyandenvironmentallyimportant.TheSouthAtlanticFisheryManagementCouncilisworkingtoregulatetheharvestingofsargassum.TheCouncilhopestohavetheareaclassifiedasanEssentialFishHabitat.Whichwouldafforditcertainprotections.

FurtherresearchneedstobedonebeforescientistsunderstandhowtobestprotecttheSargassoSeaaswellasunderstandhowitgoesaboutsupportingsomanyimportanttypesofwildlife.（1）Theauthoruses"enormous"inparagraph2tostressthat

.A.

theAtlanticOceanisreallyamazingintermsofitssizeandareaB.

whattheresearchersdoishighlyrespectedbyscientificcommunityC.

theresearchworkiscomplexbecausealargeareamustbecoveredD.

alargeamountofmoneyfortheSargassoSearesearchisneeded（2）Itcanbeinferredfromthephrase"neededtobedone"inparagraph4thattheauthorthinks

.A.theSargassoecosystemisworthourattentionandneedsmorestudyB.thescientificcommunityhasignoredthiscomplexecosystemC.theSargassoSeaisbecomingaproblemandneedsremovingD.newmethodsforresearchingtheecosystemmustbefoundinstantly（3）Thetextismainlyabout

.A.diversityofwildlifeintheAtlanticOceanB.differenthabitatsofseaanimalsC.methodsofinformationcollectionD.theSargassoSeaasanentireecosystem【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了马尾藻海这个完整的生态系统，非常巨大以至于一种信息收集方法不足以让科学家准确了解这个生态系统中发生的情况，这里发现的鱼类种类在商业和环境上都很重要。南大西洋渔业管理委员会正在努力管制马尾藻海的捕捞。这将为马尾藻海提供一定的保护。（1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“onemethodofinformationcollectionhasnotbeenenoughforscientiststoobtainanaccuratepictureofwhattakesplacewithinthisecosystem”一种信息收集方法还不足以让科学家准确地了解在这个生态系统中发生了什么，可知作者在第2段中使用了“enormous”一词，是为了强调研究工作很复杂，因为必须覆盖很大的区域。故选C。（2）考查句义猜测。根据第四段中的“beforescientistsunderstandhowtobestprotecttheSargassoSeaaswellasunderstandhowitgoesaboutsupportingsomanyimportanttypesofwildlife”在科学家们了解如何最好地保护马尾藻海以及如何救助这么多重要的野生动物之前，还需要做进一步的研究。可知从第4段“needtobedone”一词可以推断，作者认为马尾藻生态系统值得我们关注，需要更多的研究。故选A。（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Althoughtheentireoceanmakesupanecosystem,manysmallerhabitatsarefoundwithin,includinganopen-waterhabitatoffthecoastoftheNorthernAtlanticOceanknownastheSargassoSea.”虽然整个海洋构成了一个生态系统，但在其中发现了许多较小的栖息地，包括北大西洋沿岸的一个被称为马尾藻海的开放水域栖息地。以及文章内容为关于马尾藻海的一些研究说明，可知文本主要是关于作为一个完整的生态系统的马尾藻海。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

AdogspentthelastfouryearsofhislifewaitingacrossroadintheThaicityofKhonKaenasifwaitingforsomeone.Peopleoriginallythoughtthedoghadbeenabandoned,butthenrealizedthathelookedhealthy,sopeopleaskedaroundabouthim.Itturnedoutthatthedoghadindeedbeenspendingmostofhistimearoundthatcrossroad,butawomanhadbeencoming-.roundregularlytobringhimfoodandwater.

Oneday,whilephotographingthedogeveryonecalledLeo,areportermetthewomanwhohadbeentakingcareofhim.Shehadcometodropoffsomefood.Afterlearningthestoryaboutthedogandthewoman,thereporterdecidedtosharethestoryonsocialmedia.ThepostsoonwentviralandthephotosofLeogotsharedhundredsoftimes.AndthephotosreachedtheeyesofLeo^formeroldowner.

NangNoiSittisarn,a64-year-oldwomanfromThailand'sRoiEtProvince,almosthadaheartattackwhenherdaughtershowedheraphotoofthebeloveddognamedBonBonshehadlostduringacartrip