（统考版）高考英语一轮复习课时提能练16必修3Module4SandstormsinAsia（含解析）外研版

课时提能练(十六)必修3Module4SandstormsinAsiaA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空(Ⅰ)用所给词的适当形式填空Apaper­makingfactorykeptsendingwastewaterintotheriver,causingheavy1．pollution(pollute).Peoplewhousedtoswiminittobuilduptheir2.strength(strong)ofmuscleswrotealetterof3.complaint(complain)tothelocalgovernment.Officialswereverymuch4.concerned(concern)abouttheissueandbegantoinvestigate.The5.frightening(frighten)sightshockedthem,makingthemrealizethatitwaswrongtosacrificeenvironmental6．protection(protect)topromoteeconomicgrowth.Thefactorywasshutdowneventually.(Ⅱ)填入一个单词Wemustwakeup1．tothefactthattreeshaveagreateffect2.ontheenvironment.Treestake3.incarbondioxideandgive4.outoxygen.Theyconservewaterandsoil.Therefore,weshouldn'tcut5.downtreesasweplease.SandstormshitNorthwestChinaoneafter6．another.Doyouknowwhy?That'sbecausethisareahassuffered7．fromdeforestation.8.Inanutshell,treesareofgreatsignificancetoushumanbeings.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(共有5处错误)LiHuaisgoodstudent,whostrengthismaths.ButhisweaknessisEnglish.HisEnglishteacheradvisedhimtolookthroughEnglishnewspaperseverydayanddidsomereadingcomprehensionifpossibly.LiHuafollowedtheteacher'sadvice.Hestudiedsuchhardthathecaughtupwithothersinnotime.[答案]LiHuaiseq\o(\s\up10(∧),a)goodstudent,eq\f(who,whose)strengthismaths.ButhisweaknessisEnglish.HisEnglishteacheradvisedhimtolookthroughEnglishnewspaperseverydayandeq\f(did,do)somereadingcomprehensionifeq\f(possibly,possible).LiHuafollowedtheteacher'sadvice.Hestudiedeq\f(such,so)hardthathecaughtupwithothersinnotime.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．作为一名学生，你应该把心思放到学习上。(put...into...)Asastudent,youshouldputyourheartintostudy．2．朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。(urgethat)MyfriendsurgedthatI(should)applyforthejob.3．大雨使我们更难按时到达那里。(makeit＋adj.＋forsb.todo...)Theheavyrainmadeitharderforustogetthereontime.4．我一直忙于准备考试，以至于没有时间出去购物。(so...that)IhavebeensobusypreparingfortheexamthatIhaven'thadtimetogoshopping.5．如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。(if省略句)Ifpossible,trytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解(2020·重庆市学业质量调研抽测)Theproliferation(激增)offiresintheAmazonrainforestdrewinternationalattentioninAugust2019，especiallywhenFrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacroncalledforurgentaction.Sincethen，theeyesoftheworldhaveshiftedelsewhereasHouseDemocratslaunchedanimpeachment(弹劾)inquiryagainstPresidentDonaldTrump.Meanwhile，theAmazoncontinuedtoburn.Thenumberoffiresdecreasedby35%inSeptember2019，butexpertssaythisismerelyaslowdowninacrisiswithglobalrepercussions(反响)．Therewerestill19，925fireoutbreaksinSeptember2019ontheBrazilianpartoftherainforest，whichaccountsfornearly65%oftheAmazonbasin.Moreover，throughthefirstninemonthsof2019，thenumberoffiressoaredby41%comparedtothesameperiodin2018，Brazil'sNationalInstituteforSpaceResearchreported.HigherrainfalltotalsthanusualsincethebeginningofSeptember2019andmeasurestakenundermountingpressurebyBrazilianPresidentJairBolsonaro—whodeployedthemilitarytotheAmazonandimposedatwo­monthbanonclearinglandthroughfires—contributedtotheburningdecline.“Thefactorsthatledtosuchwidespreadfiresinthefirstplace—decreasedenforcementofforestlaw，illegaldeforestationforagricultureandinvasionofnativeterritories—remaininplace，”saidNigelSizer，ChiefProgramOfficerfortheadvocacyorganizationRainforestAlliance.“ItisgoodnewsthattherearefewerfiresintheAmazonrightnow，butthisisashort­termpausefromthelargerproblem.”Thatproblemcentersondeforestationthroughsystematicallychoppingdowntrees，whichareeitherloggedorburned，mostlytoconvertthelandforraisingcattleandgrowingcrops.Thepracticehasexpandedfromasmallscaletoanindustrialproduction，leadingtoabout20%oftheBrazilianAmazonhavingbeenclearedsince1970.【语篇解读】当法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动时，2019年8月份亚马逊雨林火灾的激增引发了国际的关注；9月份，火灾数量虽有所减少，但是亚马逊雨林大火仍在燃烧，巴西总统博索纳罗下令出动军队前往亚马逊雨林开展灭火工作；对森林法的执行降低、为了进行农业活动而非法毁林和对本土的入侵仍然是导致大火的因素，但造成大火的主要原因是滥伐森林。1．WhoraisedinternationalattentiontotheproliferationoffiresintheAmazonrainforest?A．EmmanuelMacron. B．DonaldTrump.C．NigelSizer. D．JairBolsonaro.A[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，亚马逊雨林大火的激增引起了国际关注，特别是当法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动时，即马克龙把国际的注意力引向了大火，故选A项。]2．What'sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．TherearemorefiresinAmazonnowthaneverbefore.B．ThereweremorefiresinAmazoninAugust2019thaninSeptember2019.C．TheproliferationoffirescoversmostofthewideareainAmazon.D．ThefiresintheAmazonrainforestisstillburningwithinternationalattention.D[段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，2019年9月亚马逊雨林的火灾数量下降了35%，但专家称这仅仅是在全球的间接影响下处于危机之中的一种减缓而已，亚马逊雨林仍在燃烧，故选D项。]3．What'sthemaincauseofthewidespreadfiresintheAmazonrainforest?A．Decreasedenforcementofforestlaw.B．Invasionofnativeterritories.C．Seriousdeforestationforagriculture.D．Theshort­termpauseoftheproliferationoffires.C[细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，对森林法执行的减弱、为了进行农业活动而非法毁林以及对本土的入侵等导致了森林火灾；又结合第五段首句可知，该问题以系统地砍伐树木而造成的滥伐森林为中心，故C项正确。]4．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abiologytextbook.B．Agardeningmagazine.C．Anewspaper.D．Atravelbrochure.C[文章出处题。根据第一段和第三段的内容可知，法国总统马克龙呼吁采取紧急行动，美国总统特朗普遭弹劾，巴西总统博索纳罗部署军队，又根据文中列举的数据可推知，本文可能摘自报纸。故C项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·太原市第一学期阶段性测评)Weallagreethatweshouldrecyclemoreathome，intheofficeorwhenoutandabout.1Consequently，theycanbecollectedandtakentotherightplaceforrecycling.Thisiswhattheprocessofsortingallowsustodo.2Andtheeffectivesortingneedstohappenfirstinourownhome，andsecondinsortingplantstowhichwasteiscollected.Whenyouputaplasticbottleintherightrecyclingbagorbin，youarehelpingsortrecyclablethingssothattherightmaterialcanbefedintotherightrecyclingprocess.Ifsortingdoesnothappen，alotofrecyclablematerialscanendupinlandfills(废物填埋地)．Itwillleadtovaluableresourceslostfromoureconomy.3Forinstance，inBrusselsconsumersputplasticpackaging，cansandbeveragecartonsinbluebagsdesignedforrecyclablepackaging；paperinyellowbagsforrecycling；andglassneedstobetakentospecificcollectionbins.Somewhatdifferently，inVienna(Austria)，citizenscanexpecttheirpaper，metal，glassandplastictobeseparatelycollectedindifferentweeksoftheyear.4Oncerecyclablematerialsarecollectedfromyourhome，theyarefurthersortedinspecialisedfacilitieswhichensurethequalityoftherecyclingprocess.5Traditionallyy，however，newsortingtechnologiesarebeingdevelopedinordertospeeduptheprocessofsortingbutalsotocausebetterresults.Excitingtechnologiesusingmagnets(磁铁)oropticalsystemsarebeingusedtoeffectivelysortmaterialssomoreofthemcanberecycled.A．Foreffectiverecyclingweneedeffectivesorting.B．Packagingisthefirststeptowardsrecycling.C．Thisiswheredifferentsortingtechniquescomeintoplay.D．Socitizensneedtobeawareoftheirlocalcollectionsystem.E．Collectionsystemscanbeverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.F．Therestwerelandfilledorburnedeventhoughtheycouldhavebeenrecycledorreused.G．Butformaterialstoberecycled，theyfirstneedtofindtheirwaytotherightwastebin.【语篇解读】本文介绍了回收再利用时分类很重要，且各国收集废品的方法可能不同，因此居民需要了解当地的收集方法，这样有利于高效地保护环境，同时有利于节约资源。1．G[根据空后的“Consequently”可知，空后讲“结果”，则空处应是讲“原因”；故G项“但是对于要回收利用的材料来说，首先它们需要找到方法来通往恰当的垃圾箱”符合语境，与空后一句“因此它们才能被收集并被带到恰当的地方进行回收利用”逻辑关系紧密。故选G项。]2．A[上段讲了回收再利用和垃圾分类，本段讲的是有效的垃圾分类，故此空应填一个过渡句。A项中的“effectivesorting”与空后的“theeffectivesorting”相呼应，故选A项。]3．E[本段通过列举比利时的首都布鲁塞尔和奥地利的首都维也纳这两个城市不同的收集废品的方法以表明各国收集废品的方法可能不同，故E项“(废品)收集方法在国与国之间可能非常不同”可概括本段。故选E项。]4．D[空处为段落尾句，起总结该段内容的作用，该段讲的是(废品)收集方法在国与国之间可能非常不同，因此，居民需要了解当地的收集方法。]5．C[空前讲将可回收材料在专用的设备中进行分类，空后是说垃圾分类分人工分类和机器分类两种，故C项“这就是不同的分类技术开始起作用的地方”可以衔接前后句。故选C项。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·广州市调研测试)Weallknowcleanwaterisimportantforgoodhealth.Butnowwealsoknowweshouldwatch1．wekeepourwaterin.Plasticbottleshardenedwithadangerousmaterial2.(call)BPAcanreleaseachemicalintoourwaterthatharmsourbodies.Since2001，manycountries3.(ban)plasticwithBPAfrom，useinfoodcontainersandfeedinbottles.Butareothernon­BPAplasticssafe?PlasticlabeledBPA­freemightuseotherchemicalsthathave4.(harm)effectsonhealth.5.(study)haveshownthatlowlevelsofthosechemicalsmighthavethesameeffectsasBPA．So，whatshouldpeopledo?The6．(good)materialtodrinkfromisglass，7．hasnochemicalsthatcanpoisonwater.Anothergoodchoice8.awatercontainerisastainlesssteel(不锈钢)bottle.Stainlesssteelbottlesarebetterthanaluminum(铝)bottles，whicharecoveredwiththinplastic9.(protect)themetalfromacids(酸)．Therearemanygoodfood­gradestainlesssteelwaterbottlesonthemarket.Ifyoudodecidetouseareusableplasticwaterbottle，avoid10.(keep)itinthesun.Sunlightandhotliquidspeedupthereleaseofchemicalsintoyourdrinkingwater.【语篇解读】用BPA硬化而成的塑料瓶在存放水时会释放一种对身体有害的化学物质，一些标明不含BPA的塑料也可能使用了对健康有害的其他化学物质。存放水的最佳材料是玻璃，不锈钢也是不错的选择。1．what[考查宾语从句。根据下文中的“Plasticbottles”可知，此处表示我们现在还知道应该留意存放水的地方。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作介词in的宾语，表示“……的事物”，故用what引导该宾语从句。]2．called[考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，adangerousmaterial和动词call之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用call的过去分词形式。]3．havebanned[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Since2011”可知，该句应用现在完成时，又因主语manycountries为复数，故填havebanned。]4．harmful[考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词effects，故用harm的形容词形式harmful。]5．Studies[考查名词的单复数。根据该句中的“haveshown”可知，该句主语应为复数，且此处study作“研究，调查”讲，是可数名词，故用study的复数形式。]6．best[考查形容词的最高级。上文介绍了两种对身体有害的塑料存水容器，结合该句中的“The”并根据语境可知，此处表示用来喝水的最好的材料是玻璃。故用形容词的最高级形式。]7．which[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为glass，故用which引导该从句。]8．for/as/of[考查介词。根据本句句意可知，此处可表示用途，故用for或者as；此处也可以表示“关于”，故用of。]9．toprotect[考查动词不定式。句意：不锈钢瓶比铝瓶好，铝瓶上覆盖着薄薄的塑料以保护金属不被酸腐蚀。空处表示目的，故用动词不定式。]10．keeping，意为“避免做某事”。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·福建省毕业班质量检查测试)Workingonafarmwasquiteaexperience!Ourteachertoldusthathowacityfarm