2022年8月外文研究报告flexible work in india

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TRENDSFlexibleworkinIndiaCHAPTER

01OverviewShareofgigworkersunderusualprincipalandsubsidiarystatus(UPSS)inIndiafromfinancialyear2012to2020ShareofgigworkersunderUPSSinIndiaFY2012-20201.4%1.2%1.0%0.8%0.6%0.4%0.2%0.0%1.33%1.16%1.15%0.54%FY2012FY2019FY2018FY20204Description:Infinancialyear2020,onlyabout1.3percentofthetotalworkersweregigworkerswithUsualPrincipalandSubsidiaryStatus.Therewasanincreaseintheshareofgigworkerssincefinancialyear2012.ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2012toFY2020Source(s):NITIAayogNumberofemployedpersonsinIndiafromfinancialyear2012to2021,withestimatesuntil2030(inmillions)NumberofemployedpersonsIndiaFY2012-20306005004003002001000569.6563.5557.4551.4545.4539.5533.7527.9522.2516.6511469.9

467.4467.5464.9

462.4460457.5455FY2012

FY2013

FY2014

FY2015

FY2016

FY2017

FY2018

FY2019

FY2020

FY2021

FYFYFYFYFYFYFYFYFY2022*

2023*

2024*

2025*

2026*

2027*

2028*

2029*

2030*5Description:Over522millionpeoplewereestimatedtobeemployedacrossIndiainfinancialyear2022,anincreasefromthepreviousfinancialyear.Thisvaluewasestimatedtogrowupto569millionsbyfinancialyear2030inthesouthAsiancountryR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;FY2012toFY2021;*estimatedvalues.India'sfinancialyearbeginsinAprilandendsinMarch.Forexample,FY2021startedinApril2021andendedinMarch2022.Read

moreSource(s):NITIAayogValuesofgrossdomesticproductacrossIndiafromfinancialyear2012to2021,withestimatesuntil2030(intrillionIndianrupees)ValueofGDPIndiaFY2012-2030300250244.95228.93213.95199.9620015010050186.87174.65163.22152.54145.69143.24140.03135.12131.44123.08113.69105.2898.0192.1387.360FY2012

FY2013

FY2014

FY2015

FY2016

FY2017

FY2018

FY2019

FY2020

FY2021

FYFYFYFYFYFYFYFYFY2022*

2023*

2024*

2025*

2026*

2027*

2028*

2029*

2030*6Description:Thegrossdomesticproductwasvaluedatover145trillionIndianrupeesinfinancialyear2020inIndia.Thiswasestimatedtodipdownto143trillionIndianrupeesinfinancialyear2022.ThedecreaseinthevalueofGDPinthefinancialyears2020and2021seemedtobeduetothecoronaviruspandemic.ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2012toFY2021;*estimatedvalues.India'sfinancialyearbeginsinAprilandendsinMarch.Forexample,FY2021startedinApril2021andendedinMarch2022.OneIndianrupeeisequalto0.013U.S.dollarsand0.012euros(as[...R]

eadmoreSource(s):NITIAayogShareofgigworkemploymentinIndiafromfinancialyears2012to2020,withprojectionsupto2030,byskillcategoryShareofgigworkemploymentinIndiaFY2012-2030,byskillcategoryHighskilledMediumskilledLowskilled120%100%80%60%40%20%0%28.7%53.4%31.2%46.9%31.5%46%32.6%42.8%33.8%38.7%27.5%24.7%21.9%22.5%17.9%FY2012FY2020FY2021*FY2025*FY2030*7Description:Forthefinancialyear2021,around22percentofgigworkisprojectedtobeinhighskilledjobs,46percentinmediumskilledand31percentinlowskilledjobs.Thetrendsreflectagradualincreaseinhighandlowskilledjobstill2030R.

eadmoreNote(s):India;FY2012toFY2020;*projectionsIndia'sfinancialyearbeginsinAprilandendsinMarch.Forexample,FY2021startedinApril2020andendedinMarch2021.Read

moreSource(s):NITIAayogEmployabilityshareacrossIndiafrom2016to2022,bygenderEmployabilityshareinIndia2016-2022,bygenderMaleFemale120%100%80%60%40%20%0%51.44%47%45.6%39.95%40.88%41.25%38.15%45.97%202234.26%201634.26%201734.26%201834.26%201934.26%202034.26%20218Description:In2022,over51percentoffemalesinIndiawereestimatedtobeemployable.Notably,thefemalesweremoreemployablethanmalesinthecountryinthattimeperiod.Furthermore,BachelorsinEngineeringorBachelorsinTechnologyhadthehighestemployabilityrateofover55percentamongthedomainsinIndia.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2016to2022;300,000studentsSource(s):AICTE(India);AIU;ConfederationofIndianIndustry;PeopleStrong;UNDP;WheeboxCHAPTER

02ThegigeconomyDistributionofgigworkforceinIndiain2018,byskilllevelShareofgigworkforceinIndia2018,byskilllevelShareofgigworkforce0%5%10%15%20%19%25%30%35%40%45%Higherskillfreelancing(IT,design,management)Otherlowskillgigwork(cleaning,microtasks)Personalservices(care,wellness,teaching)Other42%17%10%Lowskillgigwork(deliveries)8%Lowskillgigwork(ridesharing)4%10Description:In2018,42percentofgigworkersinIndiawereinvolvedinhighskillworkasfreelancingIT,design,andmanagementservices.Amajorityoftheshareofthegigworkforcewasinvolvedinlow-skilledwork.Delivery,ridesharing,cleaning,andmicrotaskswerethecommonlow-skilledjobsamonggigworkers.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2018Source(s):BCG;DynataDistributionofgigablejobsinIndia,byservicetype(inmillions)DistributionofgigablejobsinIndia,byservicetype4037.435.4353025201510512.150SharedservicesSkilledHouseholddemandUnskilled11Description:AccordingtoareportonthegigeconomyinIndia,therearepotentially90milliongigablejobsinIndia.Ofthese,37.4milliongigablejobsareinthesharedservicesectorwhileover35millionjobsintheskilledsectorR.

eadmoreNote(s):IndiaSource(s):BCGShareofgigworkersversusfulltimeemployeesinIndiain2018ShareofgigworkersversusfulltimeemployeesinIndia2018Shareofemployees0%10%20%30%40%50%60%Gigworker57%Fulltimeemployee32%12Description:AccordingtoareportonthegigeconomyinIndiain2018,57percentofgigworkersinIndiapreferredtocontinueworkingasgigworkers.Ontheotherhand,32percentofgigworkerswantedtoquitandtakeupfulltimeemploymentR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;2018Source(s):BCG;DynataJobdriversinIndiain2020,bygigtypeJobdriversinIndia2020,bygigtypeShareofrespondentsNon-gig5%Primarygig10%0%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%43%50%FinancemonthlyhouseholdexpensesTofundotherexpenses32%15%27%16%17%Tobefinanciallyindependent11%10%Togetrespectfromsociety/friends9%9%Tosaveupfor/fundtheeducationandmarriageofchildere/siblingsTousemytimeproductively/killboredomToimprovemarriageprospects4%3%3%2%13Description:AccordingtoasurveyonthegigeconomyinIndia,theprimaryreasontotakeupajobamongbothgigandnon-gigworkerswastomeettheirmonthlyhouseholdexpenses.Whereas27percentofpeopletookgigjobstofundtheirotherexpenses.Financialindependencewasalsoamajormotivationtotakeupgigjobs.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2020;3,875respondentsSource(s):BCGDistributionofgigablerolesinIndiain2020,byindustry(inmillions)DistributionofgigablerolesinIndia2020,byindustry4539.64035302520.920159.51051.70ConstructionandrealestateTransportandlogisticsManufacturingRetail14Description:Thereareover70milliongigablejobsintheindustrysectorinIndia.Ofthese,about40milliongigablejobsareintheconstructionandrealestatesectors,andover20millionjobsareintransportandlogistics.Alargeshareofgigablejobswasintheskilledandsemi-skilledcategory.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2020;3000gigworkers,over500non-gigworkers,20focusgroupdiscussionsSource(s):BCGCHAPTER

03Employeeturnover&attritionRateofattritionacrossIndiain2021,byseniorityAttritionrateIndia2021,byseniorityAttritionrate0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%EntrylevelManager32.3%27.8%Director23.1%Vicepresident19%Chiefexperienceofficer15%16Description:In2021,theattritionratewasthehighestamongentry-levelemployeesinIndia.Furthermore,almostoneoutoffivevicepresidentsacrossallindustrieschangedjobsduringthesametimeperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2021Source(s):AnalyticsIndiaMagazineRateofattritionofdatascienceprofessionalsacrossIndiain2020and2021AttritionrateofdatascienceprofessionalsIndia2020-2021Attritionrate0%5%10%15%20%25%30%202016%202128.1%17Description:In2021,theattritionratewasthehighestamongentrylevelemployeesinthesouthAsiancountryofIndia.Furthermore,theattritionrateofdatascienceprofessionalswasabout28percentduringthesametimeperiod.Read

moreNote(s):India;2020and2021Source(s):AnalyticsIndiaMagazineRateofattritionacrossIndiain2021,byindustryAttritionrateIndia2021,byindustryAttritionrate0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%BFSIPharmaceuticalsandhealthcareInternet/e-commerceTelecom34.2%32.8%31.9%20.5%18Description:In2021,theattritionratewasthehighestamongemployeesworkinginBanking,FinancialServicesandInsurance(BSFI)inIndia.Furthermore,almostoneoutoffivevicepresidentsacrossallindustrieschangedjobsinthatyear.Read

moreNote(s):India;2021Source(s):AnalyticsIndiaMagazineLeadingreasonsforjobchangeinIndiaasoffirstquarter2022,bygenerationTopdriversforjobchangeIndiaQ12022,bygenerationGenZMillennialsGenX80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%70%66%65%62%61%60%59%55%54%53%49%47%40%35%29%BettercompensationorbenefitsMoreopportunitiestolearn

MoreopportunitiestomoveupBetteralignmentwithinterests/valuesDesiretopursueanewindustry/jobfunction19Description:Accordingtoasurveyconductedinfirstquarterof2022amongLinkedInmembersinIndia,about29percentoftheMillennialrespondentsstatedthattheyplannedonleavingtheircurrentjob.Outofthis,over29percentoftherespondentsstatedthattheydesiredtopursueanewindustryorajobroleinthattime.ReadmoreNote(s):India;Q12022;5,383respondentsSource(s):LinkedInAttitudeofemployeestowardscurrentjobinIndiaasof1stquarterof2022EmployeeattitudetowardscurrentjobIndiaQ1202230%26%25%23%22%20%15%10%5%11%0%Idonothavespecificplans/hopes

Iplan/Ihopetotakeanewroleunder

Iplan/Ihopetoleavemyjobatmy

Iplan/Ihopetostayinmycurrentroleaboutmycurrentjob

mycurrentemployer

currentemployer20Description:Accordingtoasurveyconductedinfirstquarterof2022amongLinkedInmembersinIndia,about26percentoftherespondentsstatedthattheyplannedonstayingattheircurrentjob.However,about23percentplannedonleavingtheircurrentjob.ReadmoreNote(s):India;Q12022;5,383respondentsSource(s):LinkedInCHAPTER

04RemoteworkPopularityofremotejobsinIndiain2021and2022,byagegroupPopularityofremotejobsIndia2021-2022,byagegroup2021202225%20%15%10%5%23.5%21%19.4%18.3%16.4%15.7%12.3%10.7%10.4%9.7%0%Lessthan20years20to24years25to29years30to34years35yearsandabove22Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedamongLinkedInmembersinIndia,over23percentofrespondentsbelowtheageof20yearsstatedthattheypreferremotejobs.Notably,theoldergenerationswerelessinterestedinremoteworkthanyoungerjobseekers.ReadmoreNote(s):India;asof13April,2022Source(s):LinkedInPreferenceofremoteworkindigitaljobsinIndiain2020PreferenceofremoteworkindigitaljobsIndia202080%70%60%50%40%30%70%25%20%10%0%5%Completelyon-siteCompletelyremoteCombinationofremoteandon-site23Description:Accordingtoasurveyconductedin2020,about70percentofrespondentswhoworkedindigitalfieldspreferredacombinationofremoteandon-siteworkinIndia.Notably,onlyaboutfivepercentpreferredtoworkcompletelyon-siteR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;2020;500+respondentsSource(s):BCG;NASSCOM(India)ShareofremoteworkinIndiain2018,bynumberofdaysperweekShareofremotejobsIndia2018,bynumberofdaysperweek90%79%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%15%5%ThreetofivedaysOnetotwodaysLessthanoneday24Description:Accordingtoasurveyconductedin2018,over79percentofrespondentswereeligibleforremoteworkforadayorlessthanadayperweek.However,aboutfivepercentholdingrolessuchasfinancialmanagers,marketresearchanalysts,statisticianswereallowedtoworkthreetofivedaysperweekremotely.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2018Source(s):McKinseyCHAPTER

05WomenandworkplaceflexibilityRateofattritionamongwomeninIT/ITessectoracrossIndiain2020and2021,byemploymentlevelAttritionrateamongwomeninIT/ITessectorIndia2020-2021,byemploymentlevel2020202125%20%15%10%5%23.69%22.86%15.45%14.14%13.57%12.3%12.34%9.56%7.33%5.79%0%Non-manageriallevelManageriallevelSeniormanageriallevelCorporateexecutivelevelOverall26Description:In2021,theattritionratewasthehighestamongnon-managerialwomenemployeesintheIT/ITessectoracrossIndia.Furthermore,theattritionrateamongwomeninthatsectorhaddecreasedfrom2020to2021.Read

moreNote(s):India;2020and2021Source(s):Moneycontrol;Website()ShareofwomeninleadershippositionsinIndiaasofFebruary2022,bysectorShareofwomeninleadershippositionsIndia2022,bysectorShareofrespondents15%0%5%10%20%25%30%30%35%EducationWellnessandfitnessMediaandcommunicationsCorporateservicesSoftwareandITservicesHealthcare24%23%23%20%18%Realestate14%27Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedamongLinkedInmembersinFebruary2022acrossIndia,about30percentofrespondentsinleadershippositionsintheeducationsectorwerefemale.However,only14percentoftheleadershippositionsinrealestatewereheldbywomen.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;asof15February,2022Source(s):LinkedInOpinionofworkplaceflexibilityamongwomeninIndiain2022OpinionofworkplaceflexibilityamongwomenIndia202290%83%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%72%70%43%34%33%WorkingwomenwantmoreflexibilityRejectingrolesthatdonotallowflexibilityQuitorconsideredquittingduetolackofflexiblepoliciesBelieveflexibleworking

Improvesmentalhealth

Improveslikelihoodofimproveswork-lifebalancestayingattheircurrentjob28Description:Accordingtoasurveyin2022,about83percentoftheworkingwomenrespondentsstatedthattheywantedmoreflexibilityintheirworkplaceinIndia.Furthermore,about70percentoftherespondentseitherquitorconsideredquittingtheirjobsduetolackofflexiblepoliciesattheirworkplace.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;2,266respondentsSource(s):BusinessToday;LinkedInChallengesfacedbywomenduetolackofworkplaceflexibilityinIndiain2022ChallengesfacedbywomenduetolackofworkplaceflexibilityIndia2022100%88%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%37%27%WorkingwomenhadtotakepaycutformoreflexibilityHadtheirrequestdeniedStruggledtoconvincetheirbosses29Description:Accordingtoasurveyin2022,about88percentoftheworkingwomenrespondentsstatedthattheyhadtogiveupachunkoftheirsalaryformoreworkplaceflexibilityinIndia.Furthermore,about27percentoftherespondentsstruggledtoconvincetheirbosses.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;2,266respondentsSource(s):BusinessToday;LinkedInCHAPTER

06SkillsandtalentShareofemployableyouthacrossIndiafrom2016to2022EmployabilityshareamongyouthinIndia2016-202250%47.38%46.21%46.2%45.9%45.6%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%40.44%38.12%0%201620172018201920202021202231Description:In2022,about46percentoftheIndianyouthareemployable.Furthermore,BachelorsinEngineeringorBachelorsinTechnologyhadthehighestemployabilityrateofover55percentamongthedomainsinIndiaR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;2016to2022;300,000studentsSource(s):AICTE(India);AIU;ConfederationofIndianIndustry;PeopleStrong;UNDP;WheeboxEmployabilityrateacrossIndiain2022,bydomainEmployabilityrateacrossIndia2022,bydomainEmployabilityrate0%10%20%30%40%50%60%B.E/B.TechMBA55.15%55.09%B.PharmaB.Arts44.63%44.2%B.ComB.Sc42.62%38.06%ITI31.3%29.3%MCAPolytechnic21.43%32Description:In2022,BachelorsinEngineeringorBachelorsinTechnologyhadthehighestemployabilityrateofover55percentamongthedomainsinIndia.Furthermore,PunehadthehighestemployabilityrateamongtheIndiancitiesR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;2022;300,000students;estimatedfigures.Source(s):AICTE(India);AIU;ConfederationofIndianIndustry;PeopleStrong;UNDP;WheeboxInternshippreferenceamongfreshgraduatesinIndiafrom2016to2022InternshippreferenceamongIndianyouth2016-2022100%88.19%88.42%87.65%87.65%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%85.92%83.75%83.51%201620172018201920202021202233Description:In2022,about88percentoftheIndianyouthpreferredtodoaninternshiptogainmoreprofessionalexperiencebeforesearchingforajob.Furthermore,employabilityrateof46percentwasseenamongtheyouthinIndiaR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;2016to2022;300,000studentsSource(s):AICTE(India);AIU;ConfederationofIndianIndustry;PeopleStrong;UNDP;WheeboxShareoftalentshortageacrossIndiain2022,byindustryShareoftalentshortageIndia2022,byindustryShareoftalentshortage0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%ConstructionITandtechnology85%84%Manufacturing84%84%WholesaleandretailtradeBankingandfinance83%Education,healthandgovernmentRestaurantsandhotels83%78%34Description:In2022,about83percentoftheindustriesacrossthesouthAsiancountryofIndiastatedthattheyhadtalentshortages.Constructionindustryhadthehighestshortageofskilledlaborofabout85percentinthatyearR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;2022Source(s):ManpowerCHAPTER

07PublicopinionShareofdissatisfiedprofessionalsinIndiaasofDecember2021ShareofdissatisfiedprofessionalsIndia202135%30%30%28%25%20%15%10%5%23%0%PlantoleaveNotsatisfiedwithcurrentcompensationLookingforgreaterambition36Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedinDecember2021,about30percentoftheprofessionalsweredissatisfiedwiththeirjobsandplannedonleavingtheirjobsinIndia.Furthermore,about28percentoftheprofessionalsstatedthattheywerenotsatisfiedwiththeircurrentcompensation.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;December10to15,2021;1,111professionalsSource(s):LinkedIn;Website()OpiniononemployeesatisfactioninIndiaasofDecember2021OpiniononemployeesatisfactionIndia202150%45%45%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%38%0%LookingforbetterjobopportunitiesOkaywiththeircareersSatisfiedwiththeircurrentjob37Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedinDecember2021,about45percentoftheprofessionalsweresatisfiedwiththeircurrentjobsinIndia.However,about38percentoftherespondentswerelookingforbetterjobopportunitiesinthecountryR.

eadmoreNote(s):India;December10to15,2021;1,111professionalsSource(s):LinkedIn;Website()Likeliho