高三一轮复习公开课七选五解题思路及技巧课件

高考英语专题复习七选五高考英语专题复习七选五

命题目的：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

命题目的：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构短文特点卷别年份长度体裁题材I卷

2017268记叙记叙作者露营态度的转变2016258说明介绍密码的三种类型2015272说明如何重建信任短文特点卷别年份长度体裁题材I2017268记叙记叙作者露考点分析卷别Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨段落标题主题句37,3937,3838,39段中过渡句(句际关系)顺承关系39因果关系37举例关系考点分析卷别Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨卷别Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨总分关系转折关系36,384040段中过渡句(句际关系)并列排比36重述解释对立关系36段末总结句40卷别Ⅰ卷年份201720162015主旨总分关系四.试题基本类型：主旨大意题和细节分析题五.解题的基本步骤：（一）通读全文及选项，理清文章结构及脉络

文章结构：

（1）议论文和说明文基本结构类型△▽

（2）记叙文注意时间和空间顺序（二）先易后难确定选项（三）复读检查，代入核对四.试题基本类型：主旨大意题和细节分析题六、基本解题思路

以信息重现或相关和信息之间的逻辑关系为依据来确定选项。六、基本解题思路七、七选五阅读主要解题技巧（一）信息重现和相关类

高三一轮复习公开课七选五解题思路及技巧ppt课件(1)信息重现(词语复现/同畴同现)①词语复现：就是空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前后句与选项中虽然没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。如：

(1)信息重现(词语复现/同畴同现)(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.36,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow.解析：根据空格后的逗号可知，空格处应选一个从句，再根据后文中提到的几种避免在工作中被打扰的方法，选项中的interruption与第一句中的interruption为原词复现可知，答案选B项。A.Ifyou’rebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.Whenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatwork应选一个从句原词复现(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Interruptionsare解析：与空后句中的ingredients(配料),pancakes(薄煎饼)可能同时出现的，只有选项A中的cook，故选A项(鼓励孩子跟你一起烹饪)。(2014全国Ⅰ卷)Yourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.词语同现解析：与空后句中的ingredients(配料),panc(2)结构重现(2)结构重现解析：分析语境可知，该处仍在谈论密码本，由此可锁定A项，该句与空后一句结构相同，可确定为答案。(2016全国Ⅰ卷)Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”40______A________However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.It

is

very

hard

to

break

a

code

without

the

code

book.C.Only

people

who

know

the

keyword

can

read

the

message.解析：分析语境可知，该处仍在谈论密码本，由此可锁定A项，该句二.把握句际的逻辑关系1.主旨大意类（总→分分→总因→果）

（1）主题句（段首或段末）据“分”“总”。(2017全国Ⅲ卷)…Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.Hereishowtomakeone.●37Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit’simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreason,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findtherightmotivation.动机总论二.把握句际的逻辑关系(2017全国Ⅲ卷)…Abette解析：该句“找到正确的动机”是该段的总论，下文中提到的“与家人共进早餐，做晨练，或者为今天的工作做好准备”都是为早晨起床所找的理由，即起床的动机，故答案为B项。(总—分关系)解析：该句“找到正确的动机”是该段的总论，下文中提到的“与家（2）结论句（段末或文章最后一段）常用词语有：inshort,inbelief,insummary,inaword,onthewhole,inconclusion....Thesestepsaren’tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster37C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D．Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.Thesestepsaren’tmagic,but解析：根据Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster.如果你再经历困苦的时候保持乐观的态度，你就会感觉好得多。等到压力消失的时候感觉就好了，故选D。解析：根据Andifyoucanstayposit（3）小标题（段首，短小精悍）Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.●

37Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).18.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.●Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.

A.KnowwhyyougardenB.Findagoodplaceforyourowngarden（3）小标题（段首，短小精悍）Itstartswi解析：A根据本段最后一句However，thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden．Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears．“然而，有很多能解释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺，故选A．解析：A根据本段最后一句However，thereare二.把握句际的逻辑关系2.细节分析类

（1）分述类●YouareaspecialpersonacloneMostimportantly,goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withYourownpersonalhabits.5.Yourtrainingcourseshouldhelpyoubringoutyourpersonality,Nottrytoturnyouintosomeoneyou’renot.

.

A.Youaren’tlikeanybodyelseE.Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistough二.把握句际的逻辑关系●Youarea解析：根据treatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits可知，本段讲的是“与众不同”，故选A。．解析：根据treatyouasaspecialon(2)顺承关系：顺承是按时间、空间或逻辑事理上的顺序说出连续的动作或相关的情况，分句之间有先后相承的关系。如：(2016全国Ⅰ卷)

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedown

wordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.必须要有代码书如果有代码书顺承关系(2)顺承关系：顺承是按时间、空间或逻辑事理上的顺序说出连解析：前句“要读懂代码的真实信息，你必须要有本代码书”与选项F“如果有一本代码书，你就可以把它们所代表的其他词写下来”是顺承关系。选项F中的acodebook与空前句中的acodebook是原词复现。故选F项。解析：前句“要读懂代码的真实信息，你必须要有本代码书”与选项(3)转折关系：选项或空后句中常有but,however,instead等词。如：(2017全国Ⅰ卷)IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping.Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.36Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.…举例说明（参加了露营活动）前后态度转变道不同不相为谋(3)转折关系：选项或空后句中常有but,howeverIwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.…Wehavedonealotofitsince.……everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.转折作用Iwas,nevertheless,talkedin解析：空格前句说作者与喜欢露营的人道不同不相为谋，后文却开始举例说明作者接受朋友邀请参加了露营活动，可见空格表示作者对露营活动有所改观，因此答案D项中的“however”起了转折作用，表明作者从那时起，开始学习与露营相关的事。解析：空格前句说作者与喜欢露营的人道不同不相为谋，后文却开始(4)

因果关系：空格前后可能有so,therefore,since,because，consequently，asaresult等词。如：

E.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.Itmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyou(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.38.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.果因(4)因果关系：空格前后可能有so,therefore,解析：空格前提到，当别人打扰你的时候，你要安排好时间，告知他们你在什么时候有空，空格后提到这样做可以帮助你消除日后的打扰，用选项E(让他们知道你什么时候有空是非常重要的)代入原文，选项E与空后句存在因果关系。故选E项。解析：空格前提到，当别人打扰你的时候，你要安排好时间，告知他(5)并列关系常用词或短语

：besides,notonly...butalso...,and,atthesametime,also,too,some...other...,one...another...(2014全国2卷)Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.________40_________anddon’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.(5)并列关系(2014全国2卷)Hopefullyt

(6)解释关系：

用更为明白易懂的话重述或解释前面的信息，常用forexample(instance),infact,inotherwords,thatistosay,等或冒号(:)、破折号(—)等标点。如：(6)解释关系：解析：Inotherwords表示该句是对空格前一句的解释，且takecareofyourbody与exercise是上下义复现，还有yourbrain原词复现，故选G。(2011全国卷)2.Goforawalk.

Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.74D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.上下义复现解析：Inotherwords表示该句是对空格前一句的解(7)相对或对立关系常用词或短语：while,onthecontrary,incontrast,incomparison.Now,inthepast(2017全国Ⅲ卷)●Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.40Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.A.Getasleepspecialist.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.并列关系相对关系(7)相对或对立关系(2017全国Ⅲ卷)●Keepa解析：该句“如果你所采取的措施是有效的，那么坚持下去”与下一句“如果无效，看看有没有你可以尝试的其他措施”形成相对关系。两句都是“条件状语从句+祈使句”的模式，同时，steps与methods也构成了并列关系，故答案为E项。解析：该句“如果你所采取的措施是有效的，那么坚持下去”与下一(8)递进关系常用词或短语：further,furthermore,moreover,what'smore,evenworse,tomakematterworse....例：It’sheard,andlwashungry。

40

A.Evenworse,itwasrainingB.What'smore,itwassunny(8)递进关系A.Evenworse,(9)顺序关系：指one/first…second(ly)…third(ly)…(第一……第二……第三……)，first…next…then…(首先……接下来……然后……)等。如：(2013全国Ⅰ卷)Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction,sales,thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies,andaccounting.74Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofwordinalldepartments.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.(9)顺序关系：指one/first…second解析：因前有One后有Thethird，这里应是Thesecond，故选E。解析：因前有One后有Thethird，这里应是Thes三、语法提示1、代词提示2、标点提示三、语法提示(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.40.Ifsomeonekno