Unit2Period3Grammar过去完成时的被动语态导学案-高二外研版英语选择性

考向分析：过去完成时的被动语态是考纲要求的重点语法。语法填空，短文改错均有涉及。1.过去完成时的基本用法和结构学习重点：过去完成时的基本用法易混易错知识：过去完成时与过去式的区别[观察例句]1．Bynineo'clocklastnight，200pictureshadbeensentfromthespaceship.4．Iwastoldthatthetask[归纳用法]一、构成形式(1)过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为：had＋been＋done。(2)过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为：had＋not＋been＋done。(3)过去完成时的被动语态的一般疑问式需将had提到主语的前面。(4)过去完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问式为：疑问词＋had＋been＋done。二、基本用法1.过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况：(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。Theworkhadbeenfinishedbyfiveo'clockyesterdayafternoon.Theclassroomhadn'tbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.Howmanybuildingshadbeendestroyedwhenthehurricaneended?Hadthenewplanbeendiscussedbeforethemeeting?(2)用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中。Hesaidtheproductioncostshadbeenreduced.Theboywasremindedthathishomeworkhadnotbeenhandedin.Themediareportedmorethan1，000peoplehadbeenkilledintheearthquake.2.用法过去完成时的被动语态通常表示一个被动动作在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成，主语是动作的承受者。具体使用场合：（1）过去的两个动作发生的先后顺序能通过语境判断出来，先发生的被动动作用过去完成时表示。（2）用于一些主从复合句或含特定时间状语的简单句中。Hetoldmethattheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.他告诉我票已经卖完了。Thenewspaperreportedmorethan100peoplehadbeenkilledinthehurricane.报纸报道说有一百多人在飓风中丧生。Thoughhehadbeentoldmytelephonenumbermanytimes,hestillcouldn'trememberit.虽然已被告知我的电话号码很多次了，但他还是记不住。Severalmonthslater,mostofthebuildingswhichhadbeendamagedintheearthquakewererepaired.几个月后，大多数在地震中损坏的建筑物都得到了修复。200carshadbeenproducedbytheendoflastyear.到去年年底，已经生产了200辆汽车。Thefirehadbeenputoutbeforethefirefightersarrived.消防队员到达之前，大火已经被扑灭3.特殊句式（1）用于Itwasthefirst/second/…timethat+主语+hadbeendone（+其他）句型中。ItwasthefirsttimethatthemeetinghadbeenheldinZhengzhou.（2）在虚拟条件句中，条件从句表示对过去的情况的假设IfIhadbeeninvitedearlier,Iwouldhavegonethere.如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去那儿了。[课堂练习]用所给词的适当形式填空①Hedidwhathe(tell)to.②Thepolicefinallyrecoveredthepaintingsthat(steal).③HeaskedifMary(send)tohospital.综合练习Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Herkeys(leave)intheofficesoHellenhadtowaituntilherhusbandcamehome.2．Hewokeuptofindthework(do)overnight.3．Thetask(finish)before12：00yesterday.4．Hesaidthatsomefactories(build)inthecity.5．Ididn'tknowthatmywatch(mend).II.用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Bytheendoflastyear,10,000trees(plant)inthatvillage.2.Hisvillage(flood)intheheavyrain,sohemoved.tohisparents'house.3.Aswasreported,manyamilitarymedicalworker(send)tothatareatofightthedeadlyepidemic(流行病).4.Bytheendoflastyearanothernewgymnasium(complete)inBeijing.5.Thetwinswhosehomework(finish)wereallowedtoplaybadmintonoutside.Istillrememberlastwinter，whenIwokeupinthemorning，it1.(stop)snowing.Lookingoutsideofthewindow，thesnowonourlawn2.(clean)bymyfather.Iclosedthebookthat3.(borrow)fromlocallibraryandwentdownstairsforbreakfast.Thenmylittlebrothercametotellmethatallhishomework4.(finish)．Duringthebreakfast，oneofmybest5.(friend)cametovisitmyfamily.ShewenttoAustralialastyear.Beforethatshe6.(prepare)fortheexaminationofUniversityofSydneyforhalfayear.Duringherstudy，she7.(learn)thecultureandprofessionalknowledgeinhertheendoflastfallanovelaboutMaori8.(finish)byher.WhenshewasinAustralia，togetherwithherfriendsandclassmates，she9.(plan)todonatesomemoneyforthepoorandtheweakinChina.Soafterherreturn，shewenttoGarzeTibetanAutonomousPrefecturetohelpthepeopleinneed.Intotal，100people10.(help)byherteambytheendoflastOctober.思路方法总结或错因归纳总结:

课堂练习①hadbeentold.②hadbeenstolen.③hadbeensent.1．hadbeenleft2．hadbeendone.3．hadbeenfinished.4．hadbeenbuilt.II.