Unit3Conservation（核心单词词形转换词汇精讲熟词新意写作迁移）原卷版

2024年高三一轮名校培优筑基复习方案(北师大2019)（核心单词+词形转换+词汇精讲+熟词新意+写作迁移）Unit3Conservation(选择性必修一)原卷版一、重点单词分类——夯基础(一)核心单词[第一组]1．_________vi.&vt. 转换，改变2．_________vi.&vt. 猎取，猎杀3．_________n. 物种，种4．_________vt. 擦；拭5．_________adj. 大量的6．_________n. 减少；减少的量vi.&vt. 减少7．_________vt. 责怪，指责8．_________vt. 影响9．_________vt. 包，裹10．_________vi.&vt. 吞下，咽下[第二组]11．_________adj. 卡住的，无法移动的12．_________n. 愤怒；怒气13．_________n. 十年，十年期14．_________n. 论说文；散文15．_________vt. 声称；断言；主张n. 声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求16．_________n. 化学品adj. 化学的17．_________n. 药物，药材；毒品18．_________vt. 概括，总结n. 金额，款项；总数19．_________n. 纪念馆；纪念碑adj. (对逝者)纪念的，追悼的(二)拓展单词[第一组]1．_________n．保护→__________v．保护2．_________vt.破坏；毁坏→_________n．破坏；毁掉→_________adj.毁坏性的；破坏性的3．_________vi.&vt.再利用，回收利用→__________adj.不可回收的4．_________n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能→_________vt.威胁；危及5．_________adv.非法地，违法地→_________adv.合法地→_________adj.合法的→_________adj.非法的6．_________adj.灭绝的，绝种的→_________n．灭绝，绝种7．_________adv.非常地，极端地→_________adj.极好的；难以置信的8．_________adj.紧急的，急迫的→__________v．敦促→_________n．急迫，紧急9．_________adj.异常的；不平常的→_________adv.异常地；不平常地→_________adj.往常的10．_________adj.各种各样的，形形色色的→__________v．不同→_________adj.多种多样的→_________n．种类11．_________adj.濒危的→_________vt.危及，使遭到危险12．_________vt.(使)恢复→_________n．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修13．_________n．消费者→_________vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→_________n．消费14．_________adj.浪费的；挥霍的→_________vt.&n.浪费；滥用[第二组]15．_________n.交通运输系统，运输方式→_________n．交通运输系统vt.运输；运送16._________n．灰尘，尘土→_________adj.脏的17．_________adj.现实的，实际的→__________vt.领悟；实现；实行→_________n．真实；现实；逼真18．_________adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的→_________v．创新→_________n．创新，革新19．_________adj.意识到的，明白的→_________n．意识；认识20．_________n．收集；收藏品；专辑→__________vt.收集，收藏21．_________adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的→_________vt.重新使用；重复使用22．_________adj.焦虑的，不安的→_________n．焦虑；担心；害怕→__________adv.焦虑地；不安地23．_________adj.烦恼的，生气的→_________v．使烦恼；使生气→_________n．烦恼，生气24．_________vi.相联系，有关联→_________adj.有关系的；有关联的→_________n．关系25．_________adj.定期的，有规律的→_________adv.经常；定期地26．_________vt.适合n.套装→_________adj.合适的；适用的27．_________vt.包含，需要→_________adj.参与的；投入的→_________n．参与28．_________adj.残忍的→_________n.残忍，残酷29．_________adj.农业的→_________n．农业；农艺(三)阅读单词[第一组]1．plasticadj. _________2．miningn. _________3．itemn. _________4．informativeadj. _________5．rhinon. _________6．hornn. _________7．solaradj. _________8．hatchvi.&vt. _________9．packetn. _________10．packagingn. _________11．shelln. _________12．refillableadj. _________13．cartonn. _________14．chopsticksn. _________15．counciln. _________16．jamn. _________[第二组]17．roadworksn. _________18．gasn. _________19．cancern. _________20．organicadj. _________21．instituten. _________22．opponentn. _________23．instancen. _________24．committeen. _________25．templen. _________26．Confucius _________27．carvevt. _________28．valleyn. _________29．scenicadj. _________30．historicadj. _________31．thunderstormn. _________32．typhoonn. _________33．Atlanticadj. _________二、必备短语分组——抓落实(一)汉译英1．_________ 起某种作用2．_________ 尽自己的职责3．_________ 消失；绝迹，灭绝4．_________ 彻底毁灭5．_________ 把……归咎于6．_________ 处境危险，受到威胁7．_________ 开始做某事，着手进行8．__________ 焦虑的9．_________ 与……有关联10．_________ 概括，总结(二)英译汉11．upto _________12．takeaction _________13.takesteps _________14．inshort _________15．getstuckin _________16．cuttheriskof _________三、经典句式默背——积佳句(一)句型公式1．含蓄条件句__________________，we___________________________，andwithoutcleanwaterwewouldbeunabletosurvive.没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。2．动词不定式作独立成分__________________,_I'maddictedtomycar.坦率地说，我对车上瘾了。3．形容词短语作状语Howoftendowearriveatworkorschool，stressedout,__________________?又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁，心烦气躁？(二)单元美句Weneedtotakestepstosaveendangeredspecies,includingsettingupspecialareaswhereplantsandanimalscanbeprotected.Weneedtochangehowweworkandtravelbyusingcleaner,morenaturalsourcesofenergy,suchaswindandsolarenergy.Wealsoneedtoimproveourfarmingmethodstoreducewater,airandlandpollution.Inshort，ifwewanttosurvive，weneedtostopdestroyingtheplanetthatweliveonandstarttoprotectit.我们需要采取措施拯救濒危物种，包括建立特殊区域，保护动植物。我们需要改变我们的工作和旅行方式，使用更清洁、更自然的能源，如风能和太阳能。我们还需要改进我们的耕作方法，以减少水、空气和土地污染。简言之，如果我们想要生存，我们需要停止破坏我们赖以生存的星球，并开始保护它。四、单元知识横拓——积得多1．特殊形容词变副词小结①incredible→incredibly 非常地，极端地②simple→simply 简单地③comfortable→comfortably 舒适地④gentle→gently 温柔地⑤possible→possibly 可能地⑥true→truly 真实地，真正地2．“包含”大搜索①involvevt. 包括；包含②containvt. 包含；容纳③includevt. 包括；含有④covervt. 包括；涉及⑤comprisev. 包括；由……组成3．to为介词的短语荟萃①berelatedto 与……有关联②beaccustomedto 习惯于③objectto 反对④beaddictedto 对……上瘾⑤getusedto 习惯于五、读后续写微技能——惊讶Johnhadalwaystoldhimthatoutsidethewindowtherewasanamazingpark.Mikestruggledtowalktothewindow.Surprisingly,itfacedablankwall.Mikerubbedhiseyeshard，andstared.Hismouthdropped/hungopeninsurprise.Hefrozethereforawhile,wide­eyed,asifrootedtothespot.HewasspeechlesswithshockwhenhethoughtofthebeautifulsceneJohnhaddescribedtohimeveryday.Confusedandastonished,hegapedatthewall，“Whyisitawall？”hemurmured.Shakinghisheadindisbelief,hestillcouldn'tbelievehiseyes.一、单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1．AsfarasIknow,hestartedstudyinghistorybutthen_________(改变)overtoarchitecture.2．Whenlioncubsareyoung,themotherstayswiththemwhilethefather_________(猎取)forfood.3．Shedidthecleaningand_________(擦)awaythedustfromallthefurniturethewholemorning.4．Tourism，whichisamajorsourceofincomeforthecity，maybeseriously_________(影响).5．Iwas_________(裹)heavilyandwellshelteredfromthefreezingandblowingweather.6．Itseemedthathismouthwasfullofbloodandhiseyeswereredwith_________(愤怒).7．Chinahasmaderemarkableprogressinmanyaspectsinthelastseveral_________(十年).8．Theministeroftheeducationdepartment_________(声称)thatviolentfilmswerepollutingthemindsofourchildren.9．Thepollutedriveristhelivingproofoftheenvironmentalpollutioncausedbythe_________factory.10．Theproductionofwheat_________by15%becauseofthedryweather.二、单句语法填空用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1．Aftertheterribleearthquake,thepeoplehadtoworkhardandmakealifedespitegreat_________(destroy)oftheirhomes.2．Thesocietywassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfrom_________(extinct).3．TravelinginBeijingduringtheSpringFestivalcanbean_________(incredible)relaxingandrewardingexperience.4．Thereisan_________(urge)needtofinishthisprojectbytomorrow.5．Thereare_________(vary)reasonswhymanystudentshavegotintothehabitofstayinguplate.6．Wesincerelyhopethateffectivemeasurescanbetakentoprotectthis_________(endanger)speciesfromdyingout.7．The_________(restore)tookalmost4，000man­hoursoverfouryears.8．Thereisneveranydoubtthatitisunwisetodependcompletelyontheratingsin_________(consume).9．Mostimportantly,we'dbetterlaunchapublicitycampaigntoraisepeople's_________(aware)ofprotectingtheenvironment.10．Atthefrontdoorstoodherhusband,Tom,whosufferedgreat_________(anxious)whenshewasmissing.三、选词填空根据语境，用方内所给短语的适当形式填空doone'spart,wipeout，setout，takeaction，stressout，berelatedto1．Afteraseriousfluoutbreak_________99.4%oftheworld'spopulation,abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.2.Itishightimethatwe_________toimprovethelivesofelderlypeople.3．Wheneveryou_________onalongwalk,you'dbetteralwayswearsuitableboots.4．Thedesignerfeels_________becausehecan'tspeakEnglishwell.5．Inmyopinion，youshould_________inhelpingthehomeless.6．Itisassumedthatmentalhealth_________physicalhealth.四、经典句式仿写1．没有你的帮助，我不会在英语学习上取得这么大的进步。(含蓄条件句)_____________________________________________inEnglishlearning.2．说实话，我在她讲话过程中睡着了。(动词不定式作独立成分)___________________________,Ifellasleepinthemiddleofhertalk.3．他们一直跑到终点线，筋疲力尽。(形容词作状语)Theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline,__________________．4．研究表明，竞走与跑步有许多健身益处，但最有可能减少受伤。(while连接并列句)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,___________________________．Part1重点词汇过关1．threatn.威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能beathreatto...对……构成威胁underthreat受到威胁threatenvt.威胁；危eq\o(及,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Itwasathreattoworldpeace.这是对世界和平的威胁。练透——单句语法填空①Theyarefriendsforever，sonothingcan_________(threat)theirrelationshipwhichmanypeopleconsiderharmonious.②Withtheboomingofonlineshopping,thesupermarketsare_________threat.写美——应用文写作之野生动物保护③只有学会与大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeing_________andtoourplanet.2．urgentadj.紧急的，急迫的(1)urgen.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐urgesbtodosth催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth极力主张……做某事(2)haveanurgetodosth渴望做某事(3)urgencyn.紧急；催eq\o(,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Additionally,itisurgenttoraisepublicawarenessoftheimportanceandvalueofprotectingthehistoricsite.此外，迫切需要提高公众对保护历史遗址的重要性和价值的认识。(应用文之投稿信)练透——单句语法填空①Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildren_________(take)advantageoftheopportunitytoparticipateinoutdooractivities.②Thereisnosenseof_________(urge)todomyschoolworkimmediately.写美——读后续写之心理描写③站在舞台上，我感觉如此紧张以至于我有股想逃的冲动。Standingonthestage，IfeltsonervousthatIeven__________________．3．decreasen.减少；减少的量vi.&vt.减少(1)decreaseby减少了decrease(from...)to(从……)减少到(2)onthedecrease正在下降；在减少ontheincrease正在增长；在增eq\o(加,\s\do4(,))【佳句】OnbehalfofSchoolStudents'Union,Icallonallofmyfellowstudentstodowhatwecantohelptodecreasethechancesofdiseaseinfection.我代表学校学生会，呼吁所有同学尽我们所能，减少感染疾病的机会。(应用文之演讲稿)练透——单句语法填空①Comparedwithlastyear，thetrafficaccidentsinthecityhavedecreased_________30%.②Thenumberofboardersoftheschoolhasdecreased_________threehundred.写美——同义替换③Becauseofhumanactivities,thenumberofsomerareanimalsisdecreasing.→Becauseofhumanactivities,thenumberofsomerareanimals__________________．4．blamevt.责怪，指责(1)betoblame(for)应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备blamesbforsth因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人(2)blamen.过失；责备put/laytheblameforsthonsb将某事归咎于某eq\o(人,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Blamedbyhisteacher，theboywasfrustratedandcouldn'tconcentrateonhisstudy.由于老师的责备，这个男孩很沮丧，不能集中精力学习。(应用文之学校生活)【点津】betoblame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。练透——单句语法填空①Itiseasytoblamesomeone_________mistake,butrememberthatbasketballgameisateameffort.②Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwas_________(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.写美——应用文写作之学校生活③Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.→____________________________________，Alicewasinlowspirits.(分词作状语)5．awareadj.意识到的，明白的(1)be/becomeawareof对……知道、明白；意识到……beawarethat...意识到/体会到……(2)awarenessn.意识；认识arouseone'sawarenessof...唤起某人……的意eq\o(识,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Alexlookeddownathispaper,awarethattheroomwasstillfilledwithunrest.亚历克斯低头看了看报纸，意识到房间里仍然充满了不安。练透——单句语法填空①Thepurposeoftheactivityistoraiseour__________________(aware)ofprotectingChinesetraditionalculture.②Peopleshouldbeaware__________________theimportanceofprotectingtheocean.写美——词汇升级③Throughtheactivity,werealizethenecessityofcarryingoutalow­carboneconomyinourcountry.→Throughtheactivity,we__________________thenecessityofcarryingoutalow­carboneconomyinourcountry.6.anxiousadj.焦虑的，不安的(1)beanxiousabout/for为……担心/担忧beanxioustodosth渴望做某事(2)anxietyn.担心；焦虑；渴望withanxiety焦虑地(3)anxiouslyadv.焦虑eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Anxiousaboutthecomingexam,Icanhardlyfallasleepatnight.由于担心即将到来的考试，我晚上几乎无法入睡。(读后续写之焦虑)练透——单句语法填空①Herfamilywaspoor，sothegirlwasanxious__________________(finish)schoolandgetajob.②Iheardyousufferedfrom_________(anxious)whenyoutookanexamrecently.写美——一句多译我担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上几乎无法入睡。③I'm___________________________Icanhardlyfallasleepatnight.(so...that...)④___________________________，Icanhardlyfallasleepatnight.(形容词短语作状语)7．relatevi.相联系，有关联(1)berelatedto与……有关系relate...to/with...把……与……联系起来relateto...和……有关联；和……合得来(2)relationn.联系，关系in/withrelationto与……有关；涉及；与……相比havenorelationto与……没关eq\o(系,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Paper­cuttingiscloselyrelatedtothetraditionalcultureofChina,andhasahistoryofmorethan1,500years.剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，与中国的传统文化紧密联系在一起。(写作之传统文化)练透——单句语法填空①Haveyoureadthereport_________relationtotheexplosioninthenewspaper?②Weoftenrelateyuanxiao_________LanternFestival.写美——应用文写作之建议信③你可以讲一些关于传统节日起源的故事和一些关于中国文化的传说。Youcantellstories____________________________________andsomelegendsconcerningChineseculture.8．suitvt.适合n．套装(1)suit...to...使……适合……suitone'sneeds适合某人的需要(2)suitableadj.合适的；适用的besuitablefor适合于……besuitabletodosth适合做某eq\o(事,\s\do4(,))【佳句】HavingbeenaresponsiblevolunteerformanytimesinChina，IbelievethatI'mthesuitablepersonthatyouwant.我在中国做过很多次负责任的志愿者，我相信我就是你们想要的合适人选。(应用文之申请信)练透——单句语法填空①Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_________(suit)everyone.②Thereisnodoubtthatagoodteachersuitshislessons_________theageofhispupils.写美——应用文写作之申请信因为我精通英语，我的确认为我适合这项志愿者工作。③IdobelieveI__________________thisvoluntarywork，becauseIhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(suitable)④Idobelievethisvoluntarywork__________________，becauseIhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(suit)9.involvevt.包含，需要(1)involve(doing)sth包含；需要(做)某事involveoneselfinsth参加……be/getinvolvedin参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于(2)involvementn.参与；卷入；牵eq\o(连,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Itwillinvolve15，000police，privatesecurityandmilitarypersonnel.该项目将包括万名警察、私人安保人员和军事人员。练透——单句语法填空①Studentsshouldinvolvethemselves_________communityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.②Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhichinvolved__________________(spend)quitealotoftimewithchildren.写美——应用文写作之申请信③得知你们欢迎来自不同国家的学生，我想参加夏令营。Learningthatyouwelcomestudentsfromdifferentcountries，I'dliketo__________________．10．setout开始做某事，着手进行setoff出发；动身；启程；燃放(烟花)；引起；激起setofffor动身去(某地)setaside保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾setabout(doingsth)着手/开始做……setout(todosth)出发；开始做……setdown放下；记下setup建立；树立；搭eq\o(起,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Whentheysetouttheywerewellprepared.他们出发时有很充分的准备。练透——用set的相关短语填空①Youhadbetter__________________sometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic.②InordertoprovideaplatformforstudentstopracticespeakingEnglish,ourschoolhasdecidedto__________________anEnglishclub.③Hewill__________________allhisimportantthoughtsinhisdiarywhentheyarefreshinhismind.写美——一句多译(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)相反的是，他在杰夫手上涂了一些药，然后开始帮他们收拾烂摊子。④Instead，heappliedsomemedicinetoJeff'shand，andthen__________________cleanupthemess.⑤Instead，heappliedsomemedicinetoJeff'shand，andthen__________________cleanupthemess.11．stressedout焦虑的(1)stressn.压力v.强调；重读understress在压力下stresstheimportanceof...强调……的重要性(2)stressfuladj.压力大的；令人紧张的(3)stressedadj.有压力eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Whenyoufeelstressedout，youcanalsotrytositupstraightorstandtall.当你感到压力大的时候，你可以试着坐直或站立。练透——单句语法填空①Althoughtheimportanceofeducationis_________,teachingcanbeatiredand_________jobbecauseteachershavetoworkundergreatstresseveryday.(stress)②Thosewhoarestressed_________areoftennervous,angryorill.③People_________alotofstressmayexperienceheadachesandsleepingdifficulties.That'swhyweneedtorelaxourselvesattimes.写美——应用文写作之学校活动④上周末，我们以“劳动最美”为主题发起了一场活动，并强调了亲自动手劳动的重要性。Lastweekend，westartedacampaignwiththetheme“Workingisthemostbeautiful”and____________________________________．1．swallow[对点微练]——选出swallow的含义A.vt.掩饰；抑制B.vt.吞下，咽下C.vt.吞没；淹没；侵吞D.vt.相信；信以为真①Aftertheoperationyoumayfinditdifficulttochewandswallow.B②Iwatchedherwalkdowntheroaduntilshewasswallowedbythedarkness.C③Ifoundherexcuseveryhardtoswallow.④You'regoingtohavetoswallowyourprideandaskforyourjobback.2．switchvi.&vt.转换，改变[对点微练]——赏句猜义①Pressthesetwokeystoswitchbetweendocumentsonscreen.②(熟词生义)Ican'tworknextweekend─willyouswitchwithme？③(熟词生义)Youturnthetelevisiononbyflippingtheswitchattheside.3．claimvt.声称；断言；主张n．声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求[对点微练]——赏句猜义①(熟词生义)Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller，claiming180，000livesperyear.②Thescientistclaimedtohavediscoveredanewkindofmedicine.③(熟词生义)Youcanclaimyourmoneybackifthegoodsaredamaged.④(熟词生义)Theinsurancecompanyisrefusingtosettleherclaim.⑤(熟词生义)Iftheownerdoesn'tclaimthedogin48hours，youcanapplyforadoption.4．carvevt.雕刻[对点微练]——赏句猜义Thewoodhadbeencarvedintotheshapeofaflower.②(熟词生义)Shehascarvedaplaceforherselfinthefashionworld.Part2写作句式迁移1．含蓄条件句[课本原句]Withoutforests，wewouldhavenoairtobreathe，andwithoutcleanwaterwewouldbeunabletosurvive.没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。(1)“without/butfor＋名词”可取代if引导的虚拟条件从句，主句用虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。(2)除了without，butfor之外，otherwise，but等也常用来表示虚拟条件eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))[写作迁移]——微写作我想借此机会表达你对我慷慨帮助的感激之情，没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此快的进步。I'dliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmygratitudetoyouforyourgeneroushelp，____________________________________．②如果没有多样的生物和植物，我们的地球将变得没那么有趣。Withoutdiversecreaturesandplants，ourglobe___________________________．2．形容词(短语)作状语[课本原句]Howoftendowearriveatworkorschool，stressedout,tiredandangry?又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁，心烦气躁？(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可置于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。(2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即常和主语常构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))[写作迁移]——微写作①这名妇女带着婴儿从火灾中逃生，极度恐惧和疲惫。Thewomanmanagedtoescapefromthefirewithherbaby，__________________．②我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。___________________________，Ihavenodifficultycommunicatingwithforeignvisitors.单句语法填空1．(2022·全国甲卷)Oneday，hetalkedwithmeandhopedtomendour________________(relate).2．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)High­intensityexerciseismore_________(suit)for