医学英语术语入门

医学英语术语构词成分

答案练

wordroot1.A/Bmeansawordrootanditscombiningform.A

词根isthewordroot；ABisthecombiningforir

combiningformInacr/o,acristhe__________________________________

组合形式andacr/oisthe___________________________o

A/B代表词根和它的组合形式，A是词根，AB是组合

形式，在acr/o中，acr是

acr/o是__________________________________________o

wordroot2.Inmegal/o,megalisthe

词根andmegaI/oisthe___

combiningform在megal/o申，megal是

组合形式而megal/o是_____________

wordroot3.Indermat/o,dermatisthe

词根anddermat/oisthe

combiningform在dermat/o中，dermat是

组合形式而dermat/o是__________

acr/o4.Acr/oisusedtobuildwordsthatrefertorheextre

肢体或mities.Torefertoextremities,physiciansusewords

or

containing_______________________________________.

Acr/o（8Bk高-）用于造有关“肢体”的词。凡指“肢体”,

acr

肢体医生用含有..的词。

5.Acr/oisfoundinwordsconcerningtheextremi

tieswhichinthehumanbodyarethearmsand

acr/olegs.Tobuildwordsaboutthearmsuse

肢体

Acr/o可在有“肢体”含义的词中出现。在人体，肢体是

指臂和腿。造有关臂的词要用/.

acr/o6.Tobuildwordsaboutthelegsuse

肢体造有关“腿”的词，要用

25.Acrocyanosis,orbluenessottheextremities,isusu­

allyrelatedtotheamountofoxygengettingtothe

handsandfeet,whentheheartdoesn'tpumpenough

acrocyanosis

5

肢体发缗bloodcarryingoxygen,thepatientexhibits-

acrocyanosis,即肢体呈现蓝色，常与进入双手和双足的

氧气量有关，当心脏不能泵出足够的含有氧气的血液时，

病人表现为-----,

26.Whenthelungscannotgetenoughoxygenintothe

bloodbecauseofasthma,bluenessoftheextremi­

acrocyanosistiesmayresult.Thisisanothercauseof»

肢体发端

由于支气管哮喘，肺不能使血液获得足够的氧气，就发生

肢体亦菇色..次岸广”,（：的另一个原因。

7.Acr/oanyplaceinawordshouldmakeyouthink

oftheextremities.Whenyoureadawordcontaining

extremitiesacroracr/o,youthinkof_：’___*________・

肢体不管acr/o在一个词的什么位置上，看到它就要想到“肢

体”。当你看到含有acr或acr/o的词时，要想到

extremities8.Inthewordacr/o/paralysis(acroparalysis)acr/o

肢体refersto「二，，，.

在acr/o/paralysis这个词中，acr/o是指__________

________________________.o

9.Thewordsacr/o/meffaly(acromegaly),acr/o/cyan/

osis(acrocyanosis),andacr/o/dermat/itis(acrode­

extremities

rmatitis)allrefertothe.

肢体

Acr/o/megaly,acr/o/cyan/osis和acr/o/dermat/itis

都是指_________________________Q

large10.megral/omeansenlarged.Megal/ocanalsomean

大的large.Awordcontainingmegal/owillmeansome­

big

thingis__:___________________________________°

大的

niegal/o('megalcu)的意思是“增大的”或“大的"。含有

enlarged

增大的megal/o的词，意思是“某东西是__________________,

largebig11.Acr/o/megal/y(acromegaly)meansthattheextre

大的大的mitiesare[；,_j

orenlarged

或增大的Acr/o/megal/y的意思是肢体是___________________

acr/o/megal/y12.Acr/o/megal/ymeansenlargementoftheextremi

acromegalyties.Thewordthatmeansapersonhasenlarged

(3ekraurfnegali)bandsis_.

Acr/o/megal/y的意艮是“肢体增大”，用于衰达其人双

肢端肥大定

手增大的词姑__________________.

13.Acromegalycanbeaspecificdisorderofthebody.

Symptomsareenlargementofthebonesofthehands

andfeet,aswellassomeofthebonesofthehead.

acromegalyApatientwiththesesymptomsissaidtohave

肢端肥大症

肢端肥大症龛一种特殊的疾病,表现为手足骨骼以及某些

头颅骨骼的增大。具有这些症状的病人被认为患有

bluenessofthe27.Acrocyanosismeans

extremitiesA'”,上"讨二了,「；二一/________a

肢体变蓝色acrocyanosis的意思是。

28.osisisasuffixwhichmakesawordanounand

meanscondition.Tosayaconditionofbluenessof

OS13theextremities,usethesuffix二"_______。

状态，情况

osis[ausis]是名词性后缀，意思是“状态”，“情况”。如

要表达肢体呈现蓝色的状态，用后缀________________°

noun29.Acrocyanosisisa,(noun/verbk

名词acrocyanosis是___________________(名词/动诞)。

14.Occasionallyyouseeapersonwithverylargehan­

ds,feet,nose,andchin.Hisskinalsohasacoarse

acromegalytexture.Heprobablyhas：[讣)

肢端肥大症有时可见到一个人有很大的手、足、鼻和下颔，皮肤的纹理

也很粗糙，他可能罹患___________________________

15.yisasuffixthatmakesawordanoun.

noun

Acromegalyisa_.________________

名词y是名词性后缀。acromegaly是________________。

16.dermat/oreferstotheskin.Whenyouseedermator

skin

dermat/o,thinkimmediatelyof___二_______

皮肤9

dennat/o「daimateu-1是指皮肤。当看到dermat或

dermat/o时，要立即想到________________________。

17.Adermat/o/logist(dermatologist)isaspecialistin

afieldofmedicine.Hespecializesindiseasesof

skin

the_____________________________________________o

皮肤

dermat/o/logist是指医学专家。他专长于____________

的疾病。

acr/o/dermat/itis18.Acr/o/dermat/itis(acrodermatitis)isawordthat

acrodermatitis[^ekraumeansinflammationoftheskinoftheextremities.

11

da：mGtaitis]Apersonwithred,inflamedhandshas•;

肢皮炎acr/o/dermat/itis的意思是肢体皮肤的炎症。一个人双

手潮红、发炎，则他患有__________________.

19.Acrodermatitiscouldresultfromsteppinginapatch

ofpoisonivy.Apersonwithred,inflamedfeet

acrodermatitishas___________''____________________________.

肢皮炎肢皮炎可由于踏到有毒的常春藤而引起的。病人双足潮

红、发炎，则他患有________________________，

20.Asimplerwaytosaythatpatientissufferingfrom

aninflammationofthehands,lowerarms,feet,

acrodermatitis

andlegsistosaythathehas________________•

肢皮炎

病人的双手、1前臂，*双/足和双腿发炎时，简单地说他罹

明，.一，(,4、

30.Paralysisisawordthatmeanslossofmovement.

acr/o/paralysis

Formacompoundwordmeaningparalysisofthe

acroparalysis

»extremities.G一夕〃.可<

Caekraupa^aelisis]Paralysis的意尿是“运动丧失噎造一员合词意思是“肢

肢体瘫痪

体一痪”〃_。

31.Didyougetit?Good.Ifnot,restudytoseewhat

skinwaswrong.Nowgoon.Remember,dermat/o

皮肤means一。

你是否已经掌握上述内容?如果还没有，则重新学习一遍，

然后再继续学习。记住dcmart/o的意思是。

32.Dermat/itismeansinflammationoftheskin.The

suffixthatmeansinflammationis。八)__。

itis

炎症dermat/itis的意思是皮肤发炎，有‘发炎”含义的后缀是

21.Rememberingthewordacrodermatitiswhichmeans

inflammationoftheskinoftheextremities.Draw

inflammationaconclusion,itisisasuffixthatmeans

炎症

总之，要记住acrodermatitis是指肢体皮肤的发炎.

itis是后缀，意思是_________________________o

22.Cyan/oisusedinwordstomeanblueorblueness,

cyan/owhenaphotographerwantstosaysomethingabout

orhowafilmreproducesthecolorblue,heuses

cyanC五6'h

蓝的、蓝色Cyan/oisaianau]的意思是“蓝色的”或“蓝色，当摄影

师想说胶片是如何会产生蓝色的，他用______________,

23.Acr/o/cyan/osismeansbluenessoftheextremities.

cyanThepartofthewordthattellsyouthatthecolor

蓝的、蓝色blueisinvolvedis:,

a/cr/o/cyan/osis的意思是肢体成蓝色，这个词中表示

“蓝色”的构词成分是______________.

1

24.Acr/o/cyan/osisresultsfromlackofoxygen,when

acr/o/cyan/osis

theblooddoesn'tcarryenoughoxygentothehands

acrocyanosis

andfeet；；",'-'J___results.

[aekrousaia^nausis]

Acr/o/cyan/osis是由于缺氧引起的。当双手和双足的

肢体发绢

血液没有足够的氧供时就发生___________________

25.Acrocyanosis,orbluenessoftheextremities,isusw

allyrelatedtotheamountofoxygengettingtothe

handsandfeet,whentheheartdoesn'tpumpenough

acrocyanosis

肢体发给bloodcarryingoxygen,thepatientexhibits:

acrocyanosis,即肢体呈现蓝色，常与进入双手和双足的

氧气量有关，当心脏不能泵出足够的含有氧气的血液时，

病人表现为________________。

21.Rememberingthewordacrodermatitiswhichmeans

inflammationoftheskinoftheextremities.Draw

inflammationaconclusion,itisisasuffixthatmeans

炎症___E_QT—：____________0

总之，要记住acrodermatitis是指肢体皮肤的发炎.

itis是后缀，意思是____________________.

23.Acr/o/cyan/osismeansbluenessoftheextremities.

cyanThepartofthewordthattellsyouthatthecolor

蓝的、蓝色blueisinvolvedis「,

a/cr/o/cyan/osis的意思是肢体成蓝色，这个词中表示

“蓝色”的构词成分是_____________.

22.Cyan/oisusedinwordstomeanblueorblueness,

cyan/owhenaphotographerwantstosaysomethingabout

orhowafilmreproducesthecolorblue,heuses

cyan___CfA。________°

蓝的、蓝色Cyan/o[saianouj的意思是“蓝色的”或"蓝色当摄影

师想说胶片是如何会产生蓝色的，他用_____________.

24.Acr/o/cyan/osisresultsfrom]ackofoxygenswhen

acr/o/cyan/osis

theblooddoesn'tcarryenoughoxygentothehands

acrocyanosis

andfeet.一、___results.

[sekrousaiafnausisj

Acr/o/cyan/osis是由于缺策引起的。当双手和双足的

肢体发绢

血液没有足够的氧供时就发生_________________.

32.Dermat/itismeansinflammationoftheskin.The

itissuffixthatmeansinflammationis。。

炎症dermat/itis的意思是皮肤发炎，有°发炎”含义的后缀是

-一一〜―一，-■9

dermat/itis

33.Tosaythattheskinisinflamed,physiciansuse

dermatitis

thewo吐-「./_____________o

-，，医生用__________________一词.

皮炎

34.Analyzetheworddermat/itis.itismeans

inflammation

.•A/

发炎

分析dermat/itis：itis的意思是________________0

35.Dermat/osismeansanyskincondition.Thisword

osisdenotesanabnormalskincondition.Thesuffix

thatmeansconditionis'''_____________一.

状态，情况

dermat/osis的意思是指皮肤的状态，它是指异M的皮肤

状态。或示“状态”的后缀是______________________・

36.osis：isasuffix

cyan/osisformsanoun

cyanosismeanscondition

Lsaio'nausis]Buildawordthatmeansaconditionofblueness.

•/_______________o

osis（病、病态）是后缀，它能构成一个名词，意思是“状

态”。造一个词,意思是“篮色的状态，，/_________.

dcrmat/osis

37.Buildawordthatmeanscondition^oftheskin._

dermatosis

[do：mdtausis]

造一个词,意思是“皮肤的状态”/◎

皮肤病

十o38.TheGreekword,tomos,meansapiececutoff.

Fromthiswordwehavemanycombiningforms

whichrefertocutting：ec/tom/y（cutout）,o/tom/y

（cutinto）,tome（aninstrumentthatcuts）.

希腊词tomos的意思是“哥下丁段”，用此词可构成很多

有“切割”含义的组合形式Jee7AHi/y（割下），o/tom/y

（切开）tome（切割的器械）。

39.Remembertoassociatetorn(tome,ectomy,andoto-

my)withcutting.Adermatomeisaninstrument

skinthatcuts：•:,；：।_______0

皮快记住tom(tome,ectomy和otomy)与“切割”有关.

dermatome是切割________________的器械。

40.Adermatomeisaninstrument.Whenaphysician

dermatomewantsathinsliceofapatient'sskinforexami­

nationunderamicroscope,hewillaskfora

fda:mataum]

-一----._c

植皮刀dermatom'；与‘与械。当医生需要病人一小片皮肤在

显微镜下F池就要用______________________

41.Didyougetit?ifso,youarereallylearninginedi

calvocabulary.

上述内容如你都能掌握的话，那你就能真正了解什么是医

学词汇。

142.derm/oisanothercombiningformforwordsrefe­

rringtothesikn.Cyan/o/derm/a(cyanoderma)

meansablueishdiscolorationofthe______

skin

皮肤___________O

derm/oEda：mo]是另一个有关“皮状”的组合形式。

cyan/o/derma(cyanoderma)的意思是______的蓝

色变。

blueskinor43.Dermaisaworditself.Itisanounmeaningskin,

蓝皮肤或cyan/o/derm/aisacompoundword.Itmeans_

blueishdiscolorationandisa(noun/adjective)•

oftheskin

derma本身是一个词，它是名词,意思是“皮肤”。

皮肤的蓝色变

nouncyan/o/derm/a是复合词，它的意思是____________»

名词是_____________(名词/形容词)。

44.Cyanodermasometimesoccurswhenchildren$wim

cyan/o/derm/atoolongincoldwater.Ifapersonhasablueish

cyanodermadiscolorationoftheskinforanyreason,hesuffers

1

[saian3dfrom/：..工丁伫_________________Q

紫维儿童在冷水中游泳时间过长时，有时会发生紫组。如果一

个人由于任何原因引起皮肤变蓝色，则他患有________,

leuk/o45.leak/omeanswhite.Therearemanywordsinme­

白色成dicinethatrefertowhite.Tosaysomethingis

orwhite,use__1_______________0

leukleuk/o['Iju：keuT的意思是“白色”。医学中有许多词可

白色指“白色”。当讲到有关白色的东西时，可用___________。

46.Inthecompoundwordleuk/o/derm/a,thepartthat

leukorleuk/omeanswhiteis_____1•二__________0

白色或白色在复合词ieuk/o/derm/a中,有“白色”含义的成分是

।,——11•-

abnormallywhiteskin,47.Leuk/o/derm/ameans-：，.3_____。

异常白皮肤

leuk/o/derm/a的意思是____________________。

whitenessoftheskin,

■-c.白色皮肤等

48.Somepeoplehavemuchlesscolorintheirskin

leuk/o/derm/a

leukodermathanisnormal.Theirskiniswhite.Theyhave

Uju：ka'do：ma；J

有些人的皮肤色泽比正常人淡,他们的皮肤是臼色的，他

白斑病

们罹患〃/°

49.Somepeoplehavewhiteareasontheirskin.Some­

leuk/o/derm/atimesthesewhiteareasarecalled

白斑病有些病人在皮肤上有白色的区域，这些白色的区域有时

叫//./»

।50.cyt/oreferstocells.Cellsarethesmallestunitof

I

cyt/olife.Torefertothissmallestpartofabodythat

〃

细胞canlive,isused.

cyt/oLsaita-J是指“细胞”。细胞是生命的最小单位。

凡指身体中短小的有生命的单位用____________/一°

____：________________1

I

i51.Cytologyisthestudyofcells.Thepartofcyt/

cy，t//oI

o/logythatmeanscellsis/」o

细胞

cytology是指关于细胞的研究，cyt/o/logy中有“细胞”

.含义的成分是/0

52.Thereareseveralkindsofcellsinblood.Onekind

cellisaleuk/o/cyt/e.Aleukocyteisawhiteblood

।.•

细胞----......―T.------0

血液中有数种细胞，--种是leuk/o/cyt/e,leukocyte是

1白--------------。

53.Thereareseveralkindsofleukocytesintheblood*

leuk/o/cyt/eVVhenaphysicianwantstoknowhowmanyleuko­

leukocytecytesofallkindsthereare,hewillaskfora

CTIju：kausait]''[〃：/二count.

白细胞血液中有数种白细胞。医生想要知道白细胞的总数时，他

就要求作一个〃一/计数。

54.Ifaphysicianwantstoknowhowmanythereare

leuk/o/cyt/eofonekindofleukocyte,heasksforadifferential

〃：/

白细胞count.

医生想要知道某一种白细胞有多少时，他要求做

///分类计数。

।55.Leak/o/cyt/o/penia(leukocytopenia)meansade­

creaseinwhitebloodcells*Thepartoftheword

peniathatmeansdrcreaseinis_'•'________.

减少ieuk/o/cyt/o/penia[leukocytopenia]的意思是白细胞

减少。这个词中有“减少”含义的成分是________..

56.peniaistheGreekwordforpoverty.Theword

leuk/o/cyt/o/penia

thatmeansdecreaseinornotenoughwhiteblood

leukocytopenia

[lju：kasaitouTpi：nia2，cellsis〃J〃二

penia是希腊词，意思宜"贫穷,指白细胞瞳纥或不足的

白细胞减少症

词是//〃。

57.Ifthebodydoesnotproduceenoughwh让eblood

leukocytopenia

cells,thepatientsuffersfrom_____a

白细胞减少症

假使机体不能产生足够的白细胞，则病人罹患________0

58.Redbloodcellsareerythrocytes.Ifapatientlacks

cyt/o/peniaredbloodcells,hesuffersfromerythr/o/川

细胞减少症红细胞是erythrocytes,如果病人红细胞不足时，他罹患

eryihr/o///。

59.Youhaveheardofleuk/em/ia,popularlycalled,

“bloodcancer”,iaisanounending,emcomes

leuk/em/iafromaGreekwordmeaning,"blood."Anounme­

leukemiarr

aningliterally,whiteblood,"is//o

Eiju'kiimia]你曾听到过leuk/em/ia,通俗的叫法是“血癌”。ia是

白血病名词性结尾，em来自希腊字意思是“血，字义上表达

“白血病”的名词是〃,

60,Inleukemia,thebloodisnotreallywhite.Achar­

acteristicofthisdiseaseisthepresenceoftooma­

leukemianyleukocytesintheblood.Thischaracteristicwas

白血病usedtonamethediseaser'Q

白血病患者的血并不真是白色的，此病的特征是在血中存

在着过多的白细胞，根据这个特点，此病可称为.//°

61.Inthewordacr/o/megal/y,thewordrootforbig

megalorlargeis_k,。

大在acr/o/megai/y洞中，指"大”或“大的”词根是

__________O

megal/o62.Thecombiningformofmegalis,.1_______°

大megal的组合形式是_________l_____0

largeheart63.Cardi/oisthecombiningformforwordsabout

大心脏theheart.Megal/o/cardi/aisanounwhichme-

*ij

enlargementofans一一，」____________0

theheartCardi/o是有关“心脏"的词的组合形式。

心脏增大megal/o/cardi/a是名词，意思是......一。

€>4.Megal/o/cardi/ameansenlargementoroverdevel

megal/o/cardi/aopmentoftheheart.Whensomethingcausesovt

mc^alocardiargrowthoftheheart；:"〃//results,

Cmegalau1ka：dia]

m