新课标新高考之人教版高中英语选修七课时习题精做：Unit-2-Robots-Section-Ⅱ-含答案解析

Unit2RobotsSectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints课时习题精做Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Tohersatisfaction(satisfy)，althoughclumsyandoutofbreath,hersonbegantowalkslowly.2．Iwasalarmed(alarm)toseethatthemenwerecarryingguns.3．Serveabowlofwarmtomatosauceonthesidefordipping，ifdesired(desire)．4．Thelittlegirlimaginedherselftobeafamousdancerandheldherhandselegantly(elegant)．5．Ilookwithenvyonthoseluckypeoplewithbigfamilies.6．Ihavebeentryingtoringuptheclerkthewholemorning，butIcan'tgetthrough.7．WhenIsawthenewlydesignedcar，Icouldn'twaittotestitoutinperson.8．I'msorrytocallsolate，butIneedafavour.9．Atthattime，thebuswassocrowdedthatIcouldhardlyturnaround.10．Thechildreneatpiles(pile)ofbutterontheirbread，whichisnothealthy.Ⅱ.单句改错1．WangPingdesiredthatyoupaidbackhermoney.paid→pay2．ItwasonyesterdaythatIsawhiminthelibrary.去掉on3．JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishimprovinginashortperiod.improving→improved4．WhatisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.What→It5．ItwasinthelabthatwastakenchargeofbyProfessorHarriswheretheydidtheexperiment.where→that6．Therestandstwostonelionsattheentranceoftheyard.stands→standⅢ.阅读理解TOKYO—LonelyastronautsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)maysoonbegettingarobotfriendfromJapan.Japan'sspaceagencyisconsideringputtingatalkinghumanoid(有人的特点的)robotontheISStowatchtheworkwhileastronautsareasleep，monitortheirhealthandstresslevelsandcommunicatetotheEarththroughthemicro­bloggingsiteTwitter.Japan'sspaceagencyJAXAannouncedthisweekthatitislookingataplantosendahumanoidrobottothespacestationin2013thatcouldcommunicatewiththegroundthroughTwitter—primarilyfeedingphotos，ratherthanoriginalideas—andprovideastronautswith“comfortandcompanionship”．FollowinguponUSNASA'S“Robonaut”R­2program，whichissetforlaunchontheDiscoveryshuttlenextweek，theJapaneserobotwouldbepartofalargerefforttocreateandrefinerobotsthatcanbeusedbytheelderly，JAXAsaidinastatement.Japanisoneoftheleadingcountriesinroboticsandhasarapidlyagingsocietywithoneoftheworld'slongestlifeexpectancies.ImprovingrobotcommunicationcapabilitiescouldhelpelderlypeopleontheEarthbyprovidinganonintrusive(无干扰的)meansofmonitoringtherobotowner'shealthandvitalsignsandsendinginformationtoemergencyrespondersifthereisanabnormality，JAXAsaid.“Wearethinkingintermsofaveryhumanlikerobotthatwouldhavefacialexpressionsandbeabletotalkwiththeastronauts，”saidJAXA'sSatoshiSano.TherobotwasbeingdevelopedwiththeadvertisingandcommunicationsgiantDentsuIncandateamatTokyoUniversity.TheNASAprojecthasahumanlikehead，handsandarmsandusesthesametoolsasstationcrewmembers.The“Robonaut”calledR­2isintendedtocarryoutmaintenancetasksinthestation'sDestinylab.NASAsaysithopesthathumanoidrobotscouldonedaystandinforastronautsduringspacewalksorperformtaskstoodifficultordangerousforhumans.Fornow，the$2.5millionNASArobotislimitedtoactivitieswithinthelab.【解题导语】文章主要介绍了由日本研发的机器人有望在太空以及日常生活中得以推广与使用。1．Accordingtothepassage，ahumanoidrobot，putontheISS，shallcarryoutthetasksEXCEPT________.A．keepincontactwiththeEarthB．getafriendforastronautsfromJapanC．takecareoftheISSsometimesD．keepaneyeonthehealthoftheastronauts解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“towatchtheworkwhileastronautsareasleep，monitortheirhealthandstresslevelsandcommunicatetotheEarththroughthemicro­bloggingsiteTwitter”可知，B项中的内容没有出现，故B项正确。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A．NASAisplanningtocommunicatewiththespacestationthroughTwitter.B．Japanhasthelargestnumberofelderlypeople.C．Therobotprogramwilleventuallybenefittheelderly.D．R­2programisinthechargeofJapan'sJAXA.解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章第六段可知，这个机器人计划最终会使老年人受益。故C项正确。3．Fromthepassagewecanknow________.A．robotscouldcompletelytaketheplaceofhumanastronautsinthefutureB．therobotprogram，havingcost$2.5million，cancarryoutalltasksC．manyJapaneseuniversitiesjoinedintherobotprogramD．futureastronautswillbecomelesslonelyandmorecomfortablewiththehelpoftherobot解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的内容以及文章的主要内容可以判断出D项正确。Ⅳ.完形填空(2019·山东临沂一中高二期中)Inmanymoviesandbookssetinthefuture，robotscanflyspaceships，workasmaidsorbutlers，andevenactaspoliceofficers.The“K5”robotsarepartofatrialprogramtotestamachine'sabilityto1thedutiesofasafetyofficer.Therobotsare2withHDsecuritycameras，alarms，etc.Inaddition，theyhavean3intelligencesystemthatwillactasahumansecurityguardiftheynoticeanythingunusual.Therobots'softwarecanalsoanalyzefacesand4licenseplates(号码牌)．Therobotscancheckwhetheraplatenumber5astolenvehicle.Plustherobots'on­boardcamerasareableto6good­qualityvideosinlow­lightconditions.TheK5isabletomovethroughitsenvironment7usingGPSaswellasaninternalnavigationsystem.EachtimetheK5is8toanewplace，ahumanusesawirelesscontrollerto9therobotaroundthearea.ThishelpstheK5“learn”aboutits10.“Yougiveitabasemap11thenitstartsbuildingfromthat，”saysStacyStephens，theco­founderofKnightscope.Unlikehumans，theK5securityguardsdon'tneed12—theycanworkalmost24hoursaday.Therobotsrunonrechargeablebatteries，andasinglecharge1324hours.Ifarobotnoticesthatitsbatteryisgetting14，itwillreturntoachargingportandplugitselfin.It15only15～20minutestofullyrecharge，sotheK5sarenotoutof16forlong.17theK5maylookfriendlyanddoesnotcarryanyweapons,it'snotmeanttobemessedwith.Anear­piercingalarmwillsound18theK5istrappedformorethanafewminutes.Therobotsaredesignedtodothekindofworkahumansecurityguardwould19do，buttheyalsotakeontherepetitive(重复乏味的)andsometimes20guardwork，Stephensexplains.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了安保机器人K5的一些相关情况。1．A.perform B．conductC．declare D．witness解析：选Aperformaduty“履行职责”，是固定搭配，且符合此处的语境。conduct“实施，执行”；declare“宣布，宣称”；witness“目睹，见证”。2．A.donated B．surroundedC．equipped D．decorated解析：选Cbeequippedwith“安装有……”，符合此处的语境。donate“捐赠”；surround“环绕”；decorate“装饰”。3．A.adequate B．artificialC．aware D．elegant解析：选B由空后面说的“如果发现异常情况，它们能起到人类保安的作用”可以推知，这些机器人装有人工智能(artificialintelligence)系统。adequate“足够的”；aware“意识到的”；elegant“优雅的”。4．A.recommend B．writeC．reflect D．read解析：选D根据语境可知，机器人只能读出(read)车辆的号码牌，而不是推荐(recommend)、写出(write)或反射(reflect)那些号码牌。5．A.consistsof B．belongstoC．settlesin D．leavesout解析：选B上文提到K5机器人能起到安保的作用，因此它们能查出这个号码牌是否属于(belongto)被盗车辆。consistof“由……组成”；settlein“在……定居”；leaveout“遗漏”。6．A.keep B．gatherC．watch D．record解析：选D前面提到这些机器人装有车载摄像机，因此能录制(record)清晰的画面。keep“保存”；gather“收集”；watch“观看”。7．A.with B．ofC．by D．as解析：选C“使用全球定位系统和内部导航系统”是K5机器人能在周围环境中移动的方式，故选by。8．A.brought B．adjustedC．adapted D．bound解析：选A由空后面的anewplace可知，机器人被带到(isbroughtto)一个新地方。adjust“调整”；adapt“适应，改编”；beboundto“一定做”。9．A.transport B．showC．carry D．guide解析：选D人类会用一个无线遥控器引导(guide)它在新环境里走动。transport“运输”；show“展示”；carry“携带”。10．A.surroundings B．signalsC．conditions D．gestures解析：选A由上文中的anewplace可知，这么做是帮助它熟悉周围的环境(surroundings)。signal“信号”；condition“条件”；gesture“手势”。11．A.but B．becauseC．and D．so解析：选C“你给它一幅基本地图”与“然后它在上面开始构建”是语意上的顺承关系，故用and连接。but表示转折关系；because和so表示因果关系。12．A.meals B．breaksC．rewards D．repairs解析：选B由一字线后面的内容“它们几乎可以一天工作24小时”可知，这些K5安保机器人不需要休息(breaks)。13．A.desires B．clicksC．drags D．lasts解析：选D此处说的是它的充电使用情况，充满一次电能持续(last)使用24小时。desire“渴望”；click“点击”；drag“拖，拉”。14．A.old B．badC．low D．poor解析：选C后面提到它回到充电地点并插上插头，这说明此时电池的电量很低(low)了。old“旧的”；bad“差的”；poor“贫穷的”。15．A.spends B．costsC．pays D．takes解析：选DIttakessometimetodosth.“花费一些时间做某事”。spend，cost和pay均不能用于此句式中。16．A.service B．workC．control D．order解析：选A由前面的“only15～20minutestofullyrecharge”可知，它们不会因为充电而长时间不在使用中(outofservice)。outofwork“失业”；outofcontrol“失去控制”；outoforder“出故障”。17．A.Because B．ThoughC．When D．Unless解析：选B“K5机器人可能看起来友好而且不携带武器”与“这并不意味着可以和它牵连在一起”是语意上的让步关系，故选though。because表示原因；when表示时间；unless表示条件。18．A.though B．unlessC．as D．if解析：选D“K5机器人被困住超过几分钟”是“它会发出刺耳的鸣叫声”的条件，故选if引导条件状语从句。though引导让步状语从句；unless引导条件状语从句；as引导时间或原因状语从句。19．A.willingly B．normallyC．fearfully D．occasionally解析：选B后面提到这些机器人还能做重复乏味的工作，故人类保安做的正常工作它们也能做，故选normally。willingly“愿意地”；fearfully“害怕地”；occasionally“偶尔”。20．A.dangerous B．handyC．hopeful D．energetic解析：选Aand连接的词在词性和词义上保持一致，前面的repetitive是贬义词，所以此处应选dangerous(危险的)。handy“手边的”；hopeful“充满希望的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。Ⅴ.短文改错(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplaygr