Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

WelcomeUnit

DiscoveringUsefulStructure我

看

到

猪我看到绿色的猪我在教室里看见绿色的猪我在教室里看见绿色的猪在飞我在教室里看见绿色的猪八戒在飞IsawpigsIsawgreenpigsIntheclassroom,Isawgreenpigs.Intheclassroom,Isawgreenpigsflying.Intheclassroom,IsawgreenpigsBaJieflying.在教室里，我看到绿色的猪（八戒）飞。Intheclassroom,IsawgreenpigsBaJieflying.主谓宾定状补同表句子成分

定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语（subject）和谓语（predicate）次要成分：表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)、补足语（complement）、同位语（appositive)I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语1.1主语（subject）Smokingisbadforhealth.Applesaremyfavoritefruit.Iloveyou.主语是一个句子所叙述的主体（动作的发出者），一般位于句首。由名词、代词或相当于名词的成分来充当找一找句子中的中主语

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.

Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Runningisgoodforourhealth.

Tostudyhardisyourduty.

Shelikesdancing.

WhatIwantissomeapples.十大词类实词1.2谓语（predicate)谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，一般放在主语之后.只能由动词和动词短语充当。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.

一个简单句有且只有一个谓语。Getupearlyisgoodforour

health.×

双谓语Gettingup

early

is

good

for

our

health.

√Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.TheycanspeakEnglishwell.助动词和情态动词须和实义动词一起构成谓语Helookedaftertwoboys.找出谓语十大词类实词Wealllikereading.Iwouldliketohelpyou.Sheisplayingthepianonow.Iloveyou.宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。由名词、代词或相当于名词的成分来充当。1.3宾语（object）Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.TheycanspeakEnglish.Helookedaftertwoboys.找出宾语十大词类实词1.4表语（predicative)表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态，放在连系动词之后。状态系

动词：be动词：am,is,are…感官系动词：smell,feel,taste,sound,look…变化系动词：become,get,turn,go,come,grow…持续系动词：remain,stay,keep…十大词类实词1.4表语（predicative)Myhobbyisreading.HisjobistoteachEnglish.Heisa

Canadian.Ifeelgoodtoday.找出表语Everythinglooksnice.Hisfaceturnedred.Heishappy.十大词类实词1.5定语(attribute)Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.

Therearethirty

womenteachersinourschool.定语是对名词或代词起修饰作用的词、短语或句子Heisacleverboy.Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.Thereare54

studentsinourclass.Heboughtsomesleeping

pills.找出定语实词Lighttravelsmostquickly.1.6状语(adverbial)状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，是说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。1.Howaboutmeetingbeginning

atsix?2.Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.

3.Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.

4.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.时间状语原因状语条件状语地点状语Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.找出状语十大词类实词Wesawherenteringtheroom.Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.

Letthefreshairin.补语最常见的是宾语补足语，通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。1.7补语

(complement)Iwanttopaintthedeskpink.IfindEnglishdifficult.Thenewsmadeeveryoneexcited.找出补语十大词类实词Wejustgot

thenewsthattheyhadwon

.MyfriendSueisawriter.

Theytwowantedtogowithus.对句中某一成分作进一步说明或解释的句子成分叫做同位语。1.8同位语

(Apposition)找出同位语Wehavetwochildren,aboyandagirl.八种基本句型1.主语+谓语（S+V）2.主语+谓语+宾语（S+V+O）3.主语+系动词+表语（S+L+P）4.