2022-2023学年高一英语寒假作业编号7UNIT1CULTURALHERITAGE

编号7UNIT1CULTURALHERITAGE—寒假作业第一部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYinxu(RuinsofYin)istheruinsofthelastcapitalofChina'sShangDynasty(1600BC—1046BC).Thecapitalserved255yearsfor12kings.ItshowsthegoldenageofearlyChineseculture,craftsandscience,atimeofgreatprosperity(繁荣)duringtheChineseBronzeAge(青铜时代).Discoveredin1899,Yinxuisoneoftheoldestandlargestarcheologicalsites(考古遗址)inChinaandisoneofthehistoricalcapitalsofChinaandislistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.ItliesincentralHenanProvince,nearthemoderncityofAnyang,andisopentothepublicastheGardenMuseumofYinxu.Itisfamousasthesourceoforaclebonescript(甲骨文),theearliestrecordedformofChinesewriting.Theoraclebonescripthasrecordedalmosteverythingfromdream-explainingtoeventssuchasharvests,birthofachild,theweatherandthesuccessofmilitarycampaigns.Over3,000tombs,2,200pits,and200houseshavebeendugoutatYinxu.ThelargenumberofburialaccessoriesfoundthereshowsthehighleveloftheShangcraftsindustry.Thesiteincludesamainpalaceandanancienttomb.Besides,thereareanumberoflargebuildings,atleast53ofwhichhavebeendugout.Yinxuhasseenmanyyearsofresearch,firstresearchedinthelate1920stotheearly1930sandmostrecentlybytheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences.1.DuringwhichperiodmayYinhavebeenthecapitalofChina'sShangDynasty?A.1600BC-1500BC. B.1500BC—1200BC.C.1200BC-1050BC. D.1050BC—850BC.2.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatYinxu________.A.wasdiscoveredinthe1920sB.canbevisitedbythepublicC.nowprovedthefailureoftheShangDynastyD.wasthelastcapitalofChina'sShangDynasty3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.thereare200housesinYinxuB.manythingsarestilltobedugoutC.AnyangisacityoftheShangDynastyD.noresearchhasbeencarriedoutonYinxuB

Two-thirdsoftheworld'smajorrivershavenowbeendisrupted(中断)withmorethan50,000damsinanattempttostorewaterandprovidepower.IntheUS,therearemorethan85,000dams,disruptinglargeandsmallriversandinmostcasestransformingnaturalflow.Themostfamousofthese,theHooverDamconstructedinthe1930's,ismainlyresponsibleforthefactthattheColoradoRivernolongerreachestheocean.

Dams,besidesalltheirattractivebenefits,alsohavenegativeimpacts.Creatingareservoir(水库)meansalargeareamustbeflooded.Communitiesmaylosetheirlandhousesandculturalrelies(遗址).Downstreamofadam,theflowmaybereducedsothatfarmerscannotirrigatetheirfields.

Environmentally,thenewreservoircanbeaparadiseforwildlifeespeciallybirds.However,itcancausegreenhousegasemissions(排放)andpoisonthewaterforfish.Also,thedramaticriseandfallofwaterlevelsduringdamreleasesistooextremeforplantsandanimalstocopewith,resultingindeadzonesaroundtheshoresofreservoirs.Fishthatlaytheireggsintheshallows,forexample,mayfindafewhourslaterthatthosesitesarehighanddry.

Damsdon'tjustblockwaterflow.Theflowmaybereducedsothatfarmerswillhavegreattroublegettingwaterfortheirfields.Theyalsopreventfishmigrationsandareabarriertosediment(沉淀物)flows.Insteadofrushingdownriver,sedimentsgetbackedupagainstthedamwall,whichcausesthereservoirleveltoincreaseovertime.However,sedimentswhicharerichinnutrientshavebecomeaproblem.Thefertilityoftheentiresystemcanbeinfluencedbeinfluencedbysoilslostduringseasonalrains,notbeingreplaced.

Perhapsthebiggestproblemcanbeseenindeltas(三角洲),oftenhosttolargecities,whicharesinkingintotheoceans.Groundwaterisbeingextractedtofeedthecity,causingtheurbanweighttosinkandsedimentswashedawaybytheoceanarenolongerbeingreplaced.TheresultisthatsealevelrisesincitiesfromShanghaitoAlexandria.1.Whateffectsdoescreatingareservoirhaveonpeople'slife?a.Peoplewillseefewerbirdsneartherivers.b.Farmersbelowthedammayhavelesswatertoirrigatetheirfields.c.Visitorscan'tseesomeculturalrelicsanymore.d.Moreconflictsandwarsoverwaterwillbreakout.e.Allkindsoffishwillbecomeextinctinthefuture.ceed2.Withmanydamsbuiltacrossrivers,fishwill_______.moreplacestolaytheireggsamoredangerouslivinghabitatonmoresedimentsrichinnutrientsiteasiertodealwiththeriseofwater3.HowcandamsinfluencethecitieslikeShanghai?rainyseasonwilllastlongersoilswillbewashedawayentiresystemwillbeinfluencedwillliebelowsealevelinthefuture4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?gainofdamslossofdamslossofdamsbenefitsofdamsCBelgiumisdividedintothreecommunities.Eachonehasitsownlanguageandtraditions.ButthepeopleofBelgiumareuntiedintheirloveforBelgianpotatofries.Thefriesarepreparedandsoldthesamewayinallareasofthecountry.TheReutersnewsservicereportsthatpotatoesreachedBelgiuminthe16thcentury.Butitwasnotuntilthe19thcenturythatrestaurantsandothersbegansellingfriedpotatoesthroughoutthecountryasaseparatemeal.Recently,aBelgiangrouplaunchedacampaignaimedatgettingtheUnitedNations(UN)torecognizethepopulartreat.ThegroupwantstheUN'sEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationtoplacethefoodonitsculturalheritage(遗产)list.TheUNESCOlistrecognizesmorethan300objects»beliefsandpractices.TheyincludeTurkishcoffeeandthetraditionalChinesetheaterknownasPekingopera.Thelistalsoincludesadance,theArgentiniantango,andthesingingoftheAkapygmiesoftheCentralAfricanRepublic.UNESCOsaysthelistis"madeupofintangibleheritageelements(非物质文化遗产元素)thathelpshowthediversityofheritageandraiseawarenessaboutitsimportance".Belgianpotatofriesaretraditionallysoldinapaperwrapper,orcone,ina"fritkot"Thereareabout5,000fritkotsinBelgium.Thatmeanstheyare10timesmorecommonasapercentageofthepopulationasMcDonald'srestaurantsintheUnitedStates.Thenationalorganizationoffritkotownerssaythesmall,oftenunfurnishedbuildingsaremuchlikeBelgiumitself.Itsaysthesebuildingscombinethecountry'sacceptanceofdisorderwithadislikeofstructuresthatalllookthesame.Thegroupsays95percentofBelgiansvisitafriedpotatohutatleastonceayear.1.Belgianpotatofries________.recognizedbytheUNESCOwellreceivedinBelgiumsoldinallfoodstoresD.didn'tbecomeaseparatemealuntilthe16thcentury2.What'stheaimoftheBelgiangroup?placeBelgianpotatofriesontheculturalheritagelist.preventothercountriesproducingBelgianpotatofries.showthediversityofBelgianfoods.provethepopularityofBelgianfoods.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTlistedintheUNESCOlist?opera.Argentiniantango.coffee.restaurants.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fritkot"inthelastparagraphprobablyreferto?A.Asimplehousewhichisusedtolivein.B.Akindofsmall,unfurnishedbuilding.C.Aplacewheremachinesareusedtomakegoods.D.Apieceofpaper,plastic,orthinmetalthatcoverssomething.DMorethan10millionChineseculturalrelicshavebeenlostoverseas,lotsofwhichwerestolenandillegallyshippedoutofChinaduringthetimesofwarbefore1949.About1.67millionpiecesarehousedinnomorethan200museumsin47countries,whichaccountsfor10percentofalllostChineseculturalrelics,andtherestareinthehandsofprivatecollectors.MostofthesetreasuresareownedbymuseumsorprivatecollectorsintheUnitedStates,Europe,JapanandSoutheastAsiancountries.Therearemorethan23,000piecesintheBritishMuseum,mostofwhichwerestolenorboughtforpenniesmorethan100yearsago.Themajormethodtorecoverthesenationaltreasureswastobuythemback.Insomecases,privatecollectorsdonatedtherelicstothegovernment.Alsothegovernmentcanturntoofficialchannelstodemandthereturnofrelics.In2003,apricelessbronzepig'sheaddatingfromtheQingDynastywasreturnedtoitshomeinBeijingafteritwasremovedbytheAnglo-FrenchAlliedArmyover140yearsago.Macaoentrepreneur(企业家)StanleyHodonated6millionyuantobuyitbackfromaUSartcollectorandthendonatedittothePolyArtMuseuminBeijing.Althoughbuying-backisthemostfeasiblewaytorecoverthelosttreasures,limitedfundingisalwaysabigheadache.Inrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasimprovedeffortstorecoverthepreciousculturalrelicslostoverseas.Ithasstartedanationalprojectontherecoveryofthetreasuresandhassetupadatabase(数据库)collectingrelevantinformation.Ithassignedseveralinternationalagreementswithmanycountriesonthismatter,andisalsolookingforinternationalcooperationtorecovertherelicsbyworkingcloselywithseveralinternationalorganizations.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?waystorecoverculturalrelics.effortstorecoverChineseculturalrelics.HodonatedabronzepigsheadtoBeijing.culturalrelicswerestolenbytheAnglo-FrenchAlliedArmy.2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.hasenoughmoneytobuyalltheculturalrelicsback.Chinesegovernmenthasdonealottorecoverthelostculturalrelics.countrieshavereturnedthelostculturalrelicstoChinaforfree.ispreparingtosetupadatabasetocollectinformationaboutthelostculturalrelics.3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthebronzepig'sheadisNOTtrue?wasmadeintheQingDynasty.isnowinthePolyArtMuseuminBeijing.wasdonatedbytheFrenchgovernmenttoQiina,wasremovedbytheAnglo-FrenchAlliedArmyover140yearsago.4.Theunderlinedword"feasible"inParagraph5canbereplacedby"_______".A.possibleB.difficultC.wonderfulD.careful第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everypersonhastimeforexercise.Thewayistotakestepstoincludeexerciseconvenientforyourlifestyle.AfterIstartedgettingintoahabitofexercising,IwassurprisedbyhowmuchIcouldgetdoneinaday,bothphysicallyandmentally.Youcanmakeexerciseapartofyourdailylifestyle.①_________

Startsmall.

Oneofthereasonswhyexerciseprogramsfailisthatwebiteoffmorethanwecanchew.Insteadoftellingyourselfyou'regoingtoexercise

todayforanhour,tellyourselfyou'regoingtoexerciseforfiveminutes.②_________

Breakyourexerciseintoparts.

Notimefor30minutesofexercise?Noproblem.Dothreebouts(一回)of10minutes,orsixboutsoffiveminuteseach.③_________Justkeeparunningtableofhowmanyminutesyouexerciseeachdaytoensureyou'regettingtheminimumyoudesire.④_________

DevicessuchasFitbitactivitytrackers(跟踪系统)turnexerciseintoagameofsorts.Eachday,youcanmeasurehowmanystepsyou'vetaken.Manypeoplefindthisattractivetotheircompetitivespirits,andtheytakegreatpainstomeettheirgoals.Thetechnologyisthere,andit'sveryaffordable.

Exercisewithsomeoneelse.⑤_________Youdon'twanttolethimorherdown,evenifyou'refeelinglikeyou'drathernotworkout.Findsomeoneandstartmoving.You'llbeabletoinspireoneanotherandcelebrateyoursuccess.A.

Usetechnologytohelp.B.

Alwaysstayactivewithexercise.C.Yes,justfiveminutesandgetuptowalkaround.D.

Herearefourstepstohelpyoudoiteffectively.E.

You'llstillgetthesametime,nomatterhowyoubreakitdown.F.

High-techproductsarebecomingpopularwithmanyyoungpeople.G.

It'smuchmoredifficulttosay"no"toexercisewhenyouhaveanexercisepartner.第二部分第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Manyyearsago,whenwefirstwenttoAmerica,weweredrivingthroughMontanatoColoradowithourtwochildren,thenaged8and11.Asitwasgetting

1

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forahotel,onlytofind

outthatit

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3

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Finally,around9o'clockintheevening,we

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andtoldthewomanat

thecounterthatweweretryingtofindahotel.Shetoldusitwouldbeimpossible.Hetriedfor15moreminutes.Whenhewas

6

,thewoman,Linda,saidsheandherfamily

7

nearbyandwouldbehappyifwespentthenightatherhome.

Myhusbandwas

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atherofferofgenerosity(慷慨).Shecalledhersontodirectus,sinceshehadto

9

atthegasstationtillmidnight.

Whenwereachedtheirhome,herhusband

10

us.Heinvitedustohavecoffeeandchatwhilewe

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hiswife.Shecamepast12am.Weaskedifwecouldslipawayinthemorningsoasnotto

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them.Theysaidwewerenow

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andwewouldhavetohavebreakfastwiththem.

Nextmorning,whenwewere

14

,myhusbandaskedifhecouldoffersome

15

.

Theywouldnothearofitandinsistedweweretheirguests.Wewouldneverforgettheirkindness.1.A.cold

2.A.holiday

3.A.affected

4.A.looked

5.A.reading

6.A.complete

7.A.suffered

8.A.encouraged

9.A.play

10.A.recognised

11.A.gotthrough

to

for

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12.A.comfort

13.A.guests

14.A.drinking

15.A.thanks

第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AftercollegeIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworld,soIbecameavolunteerteacherand①______(send)toNamibia.Honestlymyfirstchoicewasn'tAfrica,butIamextremelygratefulthatIhadthechance.Sowithagroupof②______(equal)eageryounggraduates,Iwentonmyjourney.Schoolswerequitebare,andthestudents③______(have)tiringdays,walkingmilestogettoschool,oftenbarefoot.Withtheirmountains④______workathome,few⑤______(possession)andlittleopportunity,thesechildrenwerejoyful,whichIadmired.Thiswasmyfirsttime⑥______(live)abroadinadifferentcultureandsimplygettingusedtothelivingconditions⑦______(be)bigadjustment.Ihadnoelectricity,runningwater,phoneortheInternet.Imaginenoair-conditioningataplace⑧______thetemperatureoftengoesbeyond38degreesCelsius!Somedaysitwasjusttoohottomove.However,Icouldendeachdaywitha⑨______(glory)Africansunset.Andatnight,Ihadalight-pollution-freeviewoftheentireMilkyWay.BeforeNamibia,IneverthoughtIwouldsurviveinsuchanenvironment.Myexperienceawakenedmetonotonlythelimitations⑩______(place)onourselves,butalsoouramazingabilitytoadapt.Steppingoutofyourcomfortzoneinanotherculturewillcertainlymakeyourlifeworthwhile.第三部分第一节假设你是李华，你的笔友Jason对中国文化非常感兴趣，打算来中国参观一些世界文化遗产。请你根据所给信息，给Jason写一封电子邮件，介绍洛阳的龙门石窟。名称龙门石窟(LongmenGrottoes)地理位置位于河南省洛阳市南郊的伊河两岸，离市区千米。开凿时间从北魏至北宋，历经400多年。艺术价值1.是中国古代雕刻艺术的重要组成部分，现存有窟龛(niche)2300多个，造像(image)10万余尊；2.反映了中国古代政治、经济(economy)、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化。注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数);2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJason,IamgladtoknowyouarecomingtovisitChina.IamwritingtorecommendoneoftheWorldHeritageSitesinChina—LongmenGrottoes.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopeyou'llhaveagoodtimeinChina.Yours,LiHua第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Nupurwalkedalongtheroadwithasadlookonherface.TomorrowwasherfriendNeeta'sbirthdaybutshedidnothaveanythingnicetoweartotheparty.Herfather'ssmallfactoryhadcloseddownandtherewashardlyanymoneyleftathometobuyanewdress.Nupurdecidedtowearanolddressthathadbeenherfavouriteformanyyearsbutwasalittletooshortforhernow."Iwillaskthetailortolengthenit,"Nupursaidtoherself.Thetailorhoweverrefusedtodoso."Idon'ttakesuchworkrightnowsincetheordersha