新概念英语第二册课文、翻译、超详细讲解讲义（66-70）

新概念英语第二册课文、翻译、超详细讲解&附练习等（66-70）Lesson66

Sweetashoney!【Newwordsandexpressions】（20）

Lancaster

n.兰开斯特bomber

n.轰炸机remote

adj.偏僻的Pacific

n.太平洋damage

v.毁坏wreck

n.残骸rediscover

v.重新发现aerial

adj.航空的survey

n.调查rescue

v.营救（＝save）package

v.把……打包enthusiast

n.热心人restore

v.修复（修并且复原,如对艺术品的修复）imagine

v.想像packingcase

包装箱colony

n.群bee

n.蜂hive

n.蜂房preserve

v.保护beeswax

n.蜂蜡★bomber[]

n.轰炸机,炸弹手,轰炸员,投弹手bomb

n.炸弹★remote

adj.偏僻的，偏远的remotevillage

遥远的村庄lonely

adj.偏僻的(孤零零的)lonelyisland

孤岛★Pacific

n.太平洋Atlantic大西洋；Indianocean印度洋；Arcticocean北冰洋★wreck

n.残骸wreck强调坏了没用的东西(一个坏了的整体，完整的)；wrekage强调坏成碎片的东西★rediscover

v.重新发现re-表示“再,又”的意思，如review复习，reread再读，rewrite改写，retell复述等★survey

n.调查(一定要跟数据有关系)aerialsurvey

航空调查(跟数据有关系)investigation[]

n.调查，研究★package

v.把……打包①v.把……打成大包pack

n.小包；v.把……打成小包Packitforme.Wrapitupforme.②n.大包packagedeal

一揽子交易,一揽子交易中的条款parcel

n.包裹(邮局邮寄)★imagine

v.想像①vt.想像Imagineit.

想象一下吧!(口语)②vt.料想，猜想imaginedoingsth.

想象……imaginethat+从句

想象……

Iimagineyou’reliketorestafteryourlongjourney.★colony

n.群,殖民地colony[]

n.殖民地，侨民，(聚居的)一群同业，一批同行，(生物)群体acolonyofants

一群蚂蚁；acolonyofbees

一群蜜蜂；acolonyofartists

一群艺术家aflockofgoats

羊群aherdofcows

一群奶牛acrowdof

一群(用于人)★preserve

v.保护，保存(经过特殊手段而保存下来)preservedbeancurd

豆腐乳

（beancurd

豆腐）preservedfruit

果脯；

preservedmeat

腊肉；

preservedfish

腊鱼smokedfish

熏鱼keep

v.保存，保持CanIkeepyourphoto?

我能保存你的照片吗?HowlongcanIkeepit?CanIkeepitforyou?Store

v.储存，保存(以便日后使用)storethecabbage

【Text】In1963aLancasterbombercrashedonWallisIsland,aremoteplaceintheSouthPacific,alongwaywestofSamoa.Theplanewasn'ttoobadlydamaged,butovertheyears,thecrashwasforgottenandthewreckremainedundisturbed.Thenin1989,twenty-sixyearsafterthecrash,theplanewasaccidentallyrediscoveredinanaerialsurveyoftheisland.Bythistime,aLancasterbomberinreasonableconditionwasrareandworthrescuing.TheFrenchauthoritieshadtheplanepackagedandmovedinpartsbacktoFrance.Nowagroupofenthusiastsaregoingtohavetheplanerestored.IthasfourRolls-RoyceMerlinengines,butthegroupwillneedtohaveonlythreeofthemrebuilt.Imaginetheirsurpriseanddelightwhentheybrokeopenthepackingcasesandfoundthatthefourthenginewassweetashoney--stillinperfectcondition.Acolonyofbeeshadturnedtheengineintoahiveanditwastotallypreservedinbeeswax!参考译文1963年,一架兰开斯特轰炸机在瓦立斯岛坠毁.那是南太平洋中一个很偏僻的小岛,位于萨摩亚群岛以西,距离群岛还有很长一段距离.飞机损坏的程度并不严重,但是,多年来这起飞机失事已被遗忘,飞机残骸也没受到破坏.于是,到了1989年,飞机失事26年后,在对小岛的一次航空勘查中那架飞机被意外地发现了.到了那个时候,状况良好的兰开斯特轰炸机实属罕见,值得抢救.法国政府让人把飞机包装起来,一部分一部分地搬回法国.一群热心人计划修复这架飞机.该飞机装配有4台罗尔斯-罗伊斯的默林发动机,但是他们只需要修复其中的3台.想一想他们所感受到的惊奇和兴奋——当他们拆开包装箱时,他们发现第4台发动机就像蜂蜜一样甜——发动机完好无损.一群蜜蜂把发动机当作了蜂房,发动机在蜂蜡中被完整地保存了下来.

【课文讲解】1、In1963aLancasterbombercrashedonWallisIsland,aremoteplaceintheSouthPacific,alongwaywestofSamoa.crash

vi.从上往下掉

crashinthemountain

掉到山里alongwaytogo

有很长的路要走在英文中跟方位感相连的介词有三个in,on,toin隶属关系Haerbin’sinthenorthofChina.on是指跟一个地方有接触面KoreaisonthenorthofChina.to是相离的概念

JapanistotheeastofChina.westof＝tothewestof

（westof前面没有任何词修饰的时候，认为处于相离的概念）2、Theplanewasn'ttoobadlydamaged,butovertheyears,thecrashwasforgottenandthewreckremainedundisturbed.over

在……期间/之中（相当于during，over后如有数字则译为“超过”）overtheyears

这些年来overthenewyear

在新年期间；overtheChristmas

在圣诞期间overSpringFestival

在春节期间Heworkedveryhardoverthelasttwoyears.remain+adj.

remain看作系动词be理解Theroomremainedwarm.

房间还是那么暖和（注意与“theroomwaswarm.”的区别,“remain”有保持的意思）3、Bythistime,aLancasterbomberinreasonableconditionwasrareandworthrescuing.bythistime

到这时incondition

处于……状态inreasonablecondition＝ingoodconditioninperfectcondition

处于完美状态inpoorconfition

状态不好Keepthehouseingoodcondition.reasonable在这里表示“尚好的，过得去的”，用于表示价钱时，指“公道的，合理的，不贵的”等

Thehouseisinreasonablecondition.

Thepriceofthedressisreasonable.beworthdoingsth.

值得……，具有……的价值（表达了被动含义,用主动ing表达被动含义）Thecakeiswortheating.Thebooksareworthreading.4、TheFrenchauthoritieshadtheplanepackagedandmovedinpartsbacktoFrance.havesth.done

让别人做某事inparts=littlebylittle，bitbybit

一部分一部分5、Imaginetheirsurpriseanddelightwhentheybrokeopenthepackingcasesandfoundthatthefourthenginewassweetashoney--stillinperfectcondition.imagine后面可以直接加宾语ImaginemyexcitementwhenIfoundmymotheroutside.ImaginetheirexcitementanddelightwhenthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.breaksth.open

打开……cutitopen

剪开(信封)tearitopen

撕开(信封)在固定短语中as…as中的第一个as可省略Iambusyasabee.

（asbusyasabee中第一个as省略）sweetashoney

甜得象蜜(在文中是双关语,注意体会)stickyasglue

胶水一样粘stongashorse

马一样强壮turn…into…

把……变成

Whenitiscoldenough,wateristurndintoice.【Keystructures】

使役式使役式：have+名词/宾语代词+动词过去分词，使役式表示对某物（或某人）……。Ihavemywalletlost/stolen.

我丢了钱包WhileI’maway,I’llhaveyoulookedafter.

我不在的时候，我会让人照顾你的。havesth.done的另一个意思是“遭遇不幸”Ihavemylegbroken.

我摔断了腿【Specialdifficulties】

集合名词集合名词表示的是由若干个体组成的集合体，如family（家庭，一家人），team（队），crew（船、飞机等上的全体工作人员），audience（观众），government（政府），staff全体职员/教员），class（班，班级）等。如果要强调作为整体的集体，则后面的动词用单数；如果要强调组成集体的每个人，则后面的动词用复数。ThenationalteamistravellingtoLondontomorrow.

国家代表队将于明天去伦敦.

Theteamareallhighlytalentedyoungpeople.

全队人员都是天赋极高的年轻人.

Theaudienceismadeupofschoolchildren.

观众是由学校的学生组成的.

Theaudiencewerespellboundbythemagicoftheperformance.

观众们被表演的魅力迷住了.

MyfamilyarewatchingTV.

Myfamilyishappy【Multiplechoicequestions】6

OnlythreeofthefourRollsRoyceMerlinengines__a__rebuilt.(a)willhavetobe

(b)needhavebeen

(c)arebeing

(d)hadtobe情态动词need只用于否定句和疑问句中,要用在肯定句中肯定是实义动词needtodo将来需要做10__d__theyearsthatfollowed,thecrashwasforgotten.(a)Between

(b)During

(c)While

(d)Amongovertheyears=duringtheyearsLesson67

Volcanoes【Newwordsandexpressions】（12）

volcano

n.火山active

adj.活动的Kivu

n.基伍湖Congo

n.刚果Kituro

n.基图罗erupt

v.（火山）喷发violently

adv.猛烈地，剧烈地manage

v.设法brilliant

adj.精彩的liquid[]

adj.液态的；n.液体escape

v.逃脱alive

adj.活着的★active

adj.活动的active

adj.积极的

passive

adj.消极的,被动的★violently

adv.猛烈地,剧烈地violent[]

adj.猛烈的,激烈的,暴力引起的,强暴的violence[]

n.猛烈,强烈,暴力,暴虐,暴行,强暴★manage

v.设法managetodosth.=trytodosth.andsucceedIcanmanageit.=Icanmanageitmyself.=Icandoit.★escape[]

v.逃脱①v.逃脱escapesth.

escapedeath

死里逃生escapedoingsth.

Heescapepunishment/beingpunished.②n.逃脱narrowescape

九死一生

★alive

adj.活着的alive做定语时一定要放在被修饰词后面,属于表语形容词，后置定语

lightahead

前面的灯光Everymanalivehashis/herowntroubles.livingsth.

活着的……livingelephant

活着的象live

①[]

adj.现场的，活着的（永远不和人连用）liveconcert

现场演唱会

livefish

活鱼（不能和人连）②[]

v.活着【Text】HarounTazieff,thePolishscientist,hasspenthislifetimestudyingactivevolcanoesanddeepcavesinallpartsoftheworld.In1948,hewenttoLakeKivuintheCongotoobserveanewvolcanowhichhelaternamedKituro.Tazieffwasabletosetuphiscampveryclosetothevolcanowhileitwaseruptingviolently.Thoughhemanagedtotakeanumberofbrilliantphotographs,hecouldnotstaynearthevolcanoforverylong.Henoticedthatariverofliquidrockwascomingtowardshim.Itthreatenedtosurroundhimcompletely,butTazieffmanagedtoescapejustintime.Hewaiteduntilthevolcanobecamequietandhewasabletoreturntwodayslater.Thistime,hemanagedtoclimbintothemouthofKiturosothathecouldtakephotographsandmeasuretemperatures.Tazieffhasoftenriskedhislifeinthisway.Hehasbeenabletotellusmoreaboutactivevolcanoesthananymanalive.参考译文波兰科学家哈罗恩·塔捷耶夫花了毕生的精力来研究世界各地的活火山和深洞.1948年他去了刚果的基伍湖,对一座后来被他命名为基图罗的新火山进行观察.当火山正在猛烈地喷发时,塔捷耶夫有办法把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方.尽管他设法拍了一些十分精彩的照片,但他却不能在火山附近停留太长的时间.他发现有一股岩浆正向他流过来,眼看就要将他团团围住,但塔捷耶夫还是设法及时逃离了.他等到火山平静下来,两天以后又返回去.这次他设法爬进了基图罗火山口,以便能拍摄照片和测试温度.塔捷耶夫经常冒这样的生命危险.他能告诉我们的有关活火山的情况比任何在世的人都要多.

【课文讲解】1、HarounTazieff,thePolishscientist,hasspenthislifetimestudyingactivevolcanoesanddeepcavesinallpartsoftheworld.spendsometime(in)doingsth.

花多少时间干……lifetime

n.毕生精力spendmostofhislifetime

花了毕生大部分精力spendhislifetime

花了毕生精力inallpartsoftheworld

世界各地的2、Tazieffwasabletosetuphiscampveryclosetothevolcanowhileitwaseruptingviolently.closeto

离……很近，与……靠近

Heparkedthecarclosetotheriver.

Don’tsitsoclosetothefire.forlong＝foralongtime3、Henoticedthatariverofliquidrockwascomingtowardshim.=Henoticeariverofliquidrockcomingtowardshim.noticethat+宾语从句noticesth.noticesb.do/doingsth.

注意到某人做某事/正在做某事ariverof…

……形成的河流

ariverofsoilandstone

泥石流RiversofbloodflowedduringWorldwarII.

（riversofblood

血流成河）Whensheheardthenews,ariveroftearscamedownherface.4、Itthreatenedtosurroundhimcompletely,butTazieffmanagedtoescapejustintime.threatento

威胁着要……，有迹象表明……

Hethreatenedtoleavetheteam.

他扬言要离开这个队。intime

及时，来得及，just表示“正好，差一点”

Icaughtthetrainjustintime.

Shallwestillbeintimefor/toseetheperformance?5、Thistime,hemanagedtoclimbintothemouthofKiturosothathecouldtakephotographsandmeasuretemperatures.managetodosth.

设法做到某事，努力完成某事（虽然很费劲，但仍然做到/完成某事）trytodosth.

设法做某事，努力做某事（但并不一定成功）themouthofKituro

火山口sothat

以便于(目的状语从句),一定含有情态动词6、Tazieffhasoftenriskedhislifeinthisway.riskone’slife

冒着生命危险takeariskof…=atariskof…

冒着……的危险risksth.＝risklosingsth.

冒着失去……的危险riskdoingsth.

冒着做……的危险7、Hehasbeenabletotellusmoreaboutactivevolcanoesthananymanalive.在两相比较中,如果前者属于后者,那一定要在比较时用other,else排除前者thananyothermanalive【Keystructures】Can,BeabletoandManageto表示能力时用can/could，在将来时中表示“能力”时通常用willbeableto，在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时用wasableto而不用could。

Hethoughthecouldpasstheexameasily,buthefailed.

Ican’trememberwhereI’veseenhim.

Janecan’tswimyet.She’llbeabletoswiminafewmonths’time.manageto在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时，经常代替beableto，它更强调“虽然困难很大，但仍然……”。在否定句中，manageto与beableto经常可以互换。

Hewasabletofinishthejobyesterday.

（表示可能）

Hemanagedtofinishthejobyesterday.

（暗示他克服了不少困难才完成）

Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?

I’mafraidIhaven’tmanagedto/beenabletoseeityet.【SpecialDifficulties】

带say与tell的短语1、say在表示“说，讲”时，say后面不跟间接宾语（人）。如果一定要指明，则用“to+名词/代词”。表示“道别，诵读（祈祷），背诵”等含义时用say而不能用tell。say有“表达（思想、意见等）”、“据说”含义，tell则没有。

Johnissaidtobeveryinterestedinart.

Doyouhaveanythingtosayabouttheaccident?

关于这次事故你有什么想说的/想法？Hekneltdownandsaidhisprayers.

他跪了下来作祷告.

Hesaidgoodbyeandleft.

他告辞后离开了.

sayagoodwordfor

为……说好话/辩护；推荐

Don’texpectthathe’llsayagoodwordforyou.2、tell在表示“说，讲”时，tell后面可以跟双宾语。tell经常用于表示“讲（实话，谎话，秘密等）”。tell可以表示“辨别，分辨”，say则不可以。在英国英语中，tellthetime（美语为telltime）表示根据钟表等“说出时间，识钟”Canyoutellmeanythingaboutit?

你能告诉我有关的任何事情吗?Heisonlyfive,buthecanalreadytellthetime.tell(sb.)alie

说谎（谎言有很多个，为可数名词）Heoftentellslies.

他经常说谎.

tell(sb.)thetruth

讲真话(真话只有一个,故要特指,加the)Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.

我要你讲真话.

tell(sb.)thedifferencebetween

区分,区别Can'tyoutellthedifferencebetweenanAustinandaMorris?

你能区分奥斯丁舞和莫利斯舞吗?say和tell后面跟so时含义不一样：

Itoldyouso!

我告诉过你是这样的！（用于情况被证实之后）

Whosaysso?

谁这么说的？

Isayso.

我这么说的。【Multiplechoicequestions】

4

Heescapedjustintime.He__d__escaped.(a)justonly

(b)only

(c)soon

(d)onlyjustonlyjust＝almostnot

差点就没有7

Hehasbeenabletotellusalot__b__volcanoes.(a)considering

(b)onthesubjectof

(c)inrelation

(d)referringonthesubjectof＝about

(朝向)towards＝inthedirectionof

（direction[（英），（美）]）12

Hehastoldusmorethanany__d__person.(a)alive

(b)lively

(c)live

(d)livinglively

adj.活泼的,充满生机的

alivelygirlLesson68

Persistent【Newwordsandexpressions】（3）

persistent

adj.坚持的，固执的avoid

v.避开insist

v.坚持做★persistent

adj.坚持的,固执的stubborn[]

adj.顽固的,固执的,坚定的,坚决的,难应付的,难处理的Youarestubborn.

你这个死脑筋

persist

v.坚持(不顾阻拦一味的坚持):persistindoingsth.Hepersistinmakingnoise.★avoid

v.避开avoiddoingsth.

避免做……★insist

v.坚持认为，坚持说（是人的一种态度）①vt.&vi.坚持，坚决认为insistondoingsth.

坚持做……

Mybrotherinsistongoingwithme.Heinsistsontheimportanceofthemeeting.persevere[]

v.坚持，坚持不懈地努力(褒义词)persevereinsth./doingsth.WeshouldpersevereinstudyingEnglish.perseverance

n.坚持不懈②vt.&vi.坚决主张/要求，一定要Iinsistonspeakingtothemanager.MywifeinsiststhatI(should)havemyhaircut.【Text】Icrossedthestreettoavoidmeetinghim,buthesawmeandcamerunningtowardsme.ItwasnousepretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.IneverenjoymeetingNigelDykes.Heneverhasanythingtodo.Nomatterhowbusyyouare,healwaysinsistsoncomingwithyou.Ihadtothinkofawayofpreventinghimfromfollowingmearoundallmorning.'Hello,Nigel,'Isaid.'Fancymeetingyouhere!''Hi,Elizabeth,'Nigelanswered.'Iwasjustwonderinghowtospendthemorning--untilIsawyou.You'renotbusydoinganything,areyou?''No,notatall,'Ianswered.'I'mgoingto...''Wouldyoumindmycomingwithyou?'heasked,beforeIhadfinishedspeaking.'Notatall,'Ilied,'butI'mgoingtothedentist.''ThenI'llcomewithyou,'heanswered.'There'salwaysplentytoreadinthewaitingroom!’参考译文我穿过马路以便避开他,但他看到我并朝我跑过来.若再装作没看见他已是没有用了,我只好向他招手。我就怕遇到奈杰尔·戴克斯.他从来都是无事可做,不管你多忙,他总是坚持要跟你去。我得想办法不让他整个上午缠着我.

“你好,奈杰尔,想不到在这儿见到你.“我说.

“你好,伊丽莎白,“奈杰尔回答说,“我正不知道怎么消磨这一上午呢,正好见到你.你不忙,是吗?”

“不,不忙,我打算去……”我回答.

“我跟你一道去行吗?”没等我说完话他就问道.

“没关系,但我准备去牙医那里.“我说了个谎.

“那我也跟你去,候诊室里总有很多东西可供阅读!”他回答.

【课文讲解】1、Icrossedthestreettoavoidmeetinghim,buthesawmeandcamerunningtowardsme.cross

v.穿过

Icrossthegarden.across

adv.&prep.穿过

Igoacrossthegarden.avoiddoingsth.

避免……comerunningtowardssb.

向某人跑过来2、ItwasnousepretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.Itis(of)nousedoing…

做……是没有用处的，做……是徒步的/无益的Itisnousepretending…

假装……是没有用了Itisnousecryingoverthespilledmilk.

覆水难收

Itisnousepunishinghim.wavetosb.

向某人招手3、IneverenjoymeetingNigelDykes.enjoydoingsth.

喜欢做……appreciatesth./doingsth.

喜欢做……4、Heneverhasanythingtodo.用不定式做定语,修饰anything，不定式放在不定代词后面anythingtodosth.

任何要做的事anythingtoeatsth.

可以吃的东西；anythingtodrink

可以喝的东西5、Nomatterhowbusyyouare,healwaysinsistsoncomingwithyou.nomatter常与how，when，where，what，who等引导的从句连用，译为“无论……”Nomatterhowoldyouare,…Nomatterwhereyouare,…Nomatterwhoyouare,…Nomatterhowtiredyouare,yourchildreninsistedonlisteningtostories.insistondoingsth.

坚持做……6、Ihadtothinkofawayofpreventinghimfromfollowingmearoundallmorning.thinkofawayofdoingsth.

想一个做某事的方法

thinkofawayofsolvingpreventsb.(from)doingsth.

阻止某人做某事,让某人不做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.

让某人不做某事keepsb.fromdoingsth.

让某人不做某事(保持不做某事)forbidsb.todosth.

禁止某人做某事7、Fancymeetingyouhere!=Imaginemeetingyouhere!

真想不到会在这见到你!

（fancy＝imagine）“fance+名词”表示惊讶★fance①vt.设想，想像FancyIannotknowingtheanswertosuchaneasyquestion!②vt.想要，喜欢（往往用于指个人爱好）It’safinedayandIfancydrivingdowntothecoast.8、You'renotbusydoinganything,areyou?bebusydoingsth.

忙着做……反意疑问句的回答,根据事实回答9、Wouldyoumindmycomingwithyou?“Would/Doyoumind+动名词/if引导的从句”用来表示客气的请求或征求意见，表示同意/不介意时，用“No,notatall”或“Certainlynot”回答；不同意时往往用一些委婉的说法，如“I’msorry,but…”等回答，不用“yes,Iso”。

WouldyoumindifIopenthewindows?

Certainlynot./Sorry,butit’scoldhere.mind(sb’s)+doingsth.

介意某人做某事-ing的逻辑主语有四种形式，分为两大类①作为代词,可以用人称代词的宾格,又可以用形容词性物主代词②作为名词,可以保持本身不变,也可以变成名词所有格作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格,形容词性物主代词),但作宾语时可以用所有格,也可用普通格(人称代词宾格)Wouldyoumindmyparents'havingdinnerwithme?Wouldyoumindmeopeningthedoor?Wouldyoumindmy/mesmoking?Wouldyoumindmemakingmyselfathome?

你介意我把这儿当成家吗?【Composition】1

Therewasadentistnearby.Sheknewhimwell.Elizabethdecidedtogothere.Shewouldexplainwhathadhappened.(As…whom…inorderto)3

Elizabethleft.Thedentistwentintothewaitingroom.‘Doyouwanttohaveyourteethexamined?’heaskebNigel.

(After…andaskedNigelif…)1

as(因为)whom(引导定语从句)…inorderto(目的状语)TherewasadentistnearbywhomsheknewwellElizabethdecidedtogothereinordertoexplainwhathadhappened.3

AfrerElizabethleft,thedentistwentintothewaitingroomandaskedNigelifhewantedtohavehisteethexamined.【Keystructure】

动名词的用法有些动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。这些动词包括avoid，admit，deny，fancy，finish，enjoy，mind（在乎，在意），suggest，stand（容忍）等。有些结构通常要接动名词，如busy，worth，itisno/littleuse，boredwith，interestedin，insiston，prevent…from等：

Iwaslookingforwardtoreadingthosebooks.

Well,youcan’treadthem,soit’snousethinkingaboutthem.动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语（即动作执行者，而不是句子的主语）：

Pleaseexcusehisnotwritingtoyou.

Doyoumindmysmoking?come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词（climbing，driving，fishing，riding，shopping，walking等），表示建议、邀请或叙事。

There’snopointinmycomingclimbingwithyou.

我和你们去爬山毫无意义。

（there’snopointin=itisnouse）感知动词（hear，see，fell，watch等）后面既可以跟宾语加分词结构，也可以跟宾语加不带to的不定式。现在分词往往强调动作正在发生，用于叙述中时使人身临其境；不定式则可以表示动作发生了或过程结束了。有时它们之间的区别不大，可以互相替换使用。【语法精粹】动名词复合结构：由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语,作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格,形容词性物主代词),但作宾语时可以用所有格,也可用普通格(人称代词宾格)Hisleavingisagreatloss.他的离去是一个很大的损失Motherdislikesmy(me)workinglate.妈妈不喜欢我工作很迟Motherdislikesmysleepinglate.John'shavingseenherdidnotmakeherworried.

约翰已经见到她的事实,没有让她感到担心后面可以接动词-ing的词：介词；某些动词，如avoid,enjoy,finish,Itisnouse,preventsbfrom,fancy,imagine,escape,risk,allow，deny,appreciate,complete,delay,mind,practice,resent,risk,suggest,permit…insistondoing,persistindoing,persevereindoing,giveupdoing某些词加逻辑主语是，要用不定式作宾语，如：

allow+doingsth.(动名词作宾语)

；allowsb.todosth.(不定式作宾语)advisesb.todosth.

；advisedoingsth.这类动词常见如：advise，allow，permit，recommend,etc.

【Multiplechoicequestions】

6

Heinsisted__b__withher.(a)togo

(b)thatheshouldgo

(c)togoing

(d)ingoinginsistondoingsth.

坚持做……insist+从句(should+原形)

（用虚拟语气）9

Shedidn'tpretendshehadn'tseenhim.Shedidn't__c__shehadn't.(a)makeasif

(b)doasif

(c)actasif

(d)conductasifasif…

似乎,好像……doasif(不这么用)actasif…

做得好象……conduct+oneself

表现10

Shewavedtohim.She__c__him.(a)shook

(b)saluted

(c)greeted

(d)calledsalute

v.问候(军人向长官的)行军礼,敬礼greet

v.问候

12

Sheliedtohim.Whatshesaidwas__a__.(a)false

(b)true

(c)lie

(d)wronglietosb.

向某人撒谎false[]

adj.错误的,虚伪的,假的,无信义的,伪造的,人工的,不老实的

lie

n.谎言（可数名词，tellalie）Whatshesaidwasalie.Lesson69

Butnotmurder!【Newwordsandexpressions】（11）murder

n.谋杀instruct

v.命令，指示acquire

v.取得，获得confidence

n.信心examiner

n.主考人suppose

v.假设tap

v.轻敲react

v.反应brake

n.刹车pedal

n.踏板mournful

adj.悲哀的★acquire

v.取得，获得，学到（知识、技术、语言等），养成（习惯等）MaryacquiredagoodknowledgeofChineseinfiveyears’time.acquireahabitofdoingsth.

养成……的习惯Tomacquiredahabitofsmoking.acquireconfidence

获得信心【Text】Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime.Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully.Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,Ibegantoacquireconfidence.SurethatIhadpassed,Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest.Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance,forhesmiledandsaid,'Justonemorething,Mr.Eames.Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou.AssoonasItaponthewindow,youmuststopwithinfivefeet.'Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime,theexaminertappedloudly,Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly,ittookmealongtimetoreact.Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalandwewereboththrownforward.Theexaminerlookedatmesadly.'Mr.Eames,'hesaid,inamournfulvoice,'youhavejustkilledthatchild!'参考译文我第3次接受驾驶执照考试。按照要求在车辆拥挤的路上驾驶，我圆满地完成了。在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始有了信心。确信我已通过考试，所以我几乎开始喜欢起这次考试。主考人对我的驾驶想必是满意的，因为他微笑着说：“埃姆斯先生，只剩1项了。让我们假设一个小孩子突然在你前面穿过马路。我一敲车窗，你必须把车停在5英尺之内。”我继续往前开着。过了一会儿，主考人砰砰地敲了起来。虽然声音听得很清楚，但我过了好一会儿才作出反应。我突然用力踩紧刹车踏板，结果我俩的身体都向前冲去。主考人伤心地看着我。“埃姆斯先生，”他以悲伤的声调说，“你刚刚把那个小孩压死了！”【课文讲解】1、Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime.adrivinglicence

驾驶执照2、Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully.heavy

adj.大量的，多的，密集的

Trafficisheavieronthisroadthanontheotherone.3、Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance,forhesmiledandsaid,'Justonemorething,Mr.Eames.Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou.AssoonasItaponthewindow,youmuststopwithinfivefeet.'musthavebeen表示对过去的事情的猜测performance

n.表现，表演，工作情况bepleasedwith

对……满意

Theyarepleasedwithhiswork.

Themanagerisn’tverypleasedwithhissecretary.letussupposethat…

让我们假设……

Letussupposethatthereisaforestfire.4、Theexaminerlookedatmesadly.'Mr.Eames,'hesaid,inamournfulvoice,'youhavejustkilledthatchild!'ina…voice

以……的声调inamournfulvoice

用悲伤的声调

Hetoldthemthenewsinasad/excitedvoice.【Keystructures】被动语态被动语态可以用于“介词+动名词”结构中，在英语中是很正式的用法，一般不用于口语。“介词（after，before，on）+动名词”这个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句。如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完成，则可以用“after+动名词的完成式”表示第一个动作；如果只表示先后顺序，则可用“after/before+动名词”结构；“on+动名词”通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生：

Themancalledthepoliceafterbeingrobbed.

Hekilledachildbeforebeingarrested.

On/Afterbeingtoldthathermotherwasseriouslyill,shehurriedbacktoEngland.被动语态用于want后面的不定式中时，tobe可以省略，want后跟被动语态时往往表示希望别人完成所说的动作：

Iwanttheluggagefetchedfromthehotelthisafternoon.被动语态还可用于过去进行时，以强调动作的持续性：

Iwasbeingaskedaboutthefilmalldayyesterday.【SpecialDifficulties】

PracticeandAdvicepractice

n.（反复的）练习，实践，实行

YourspokenEnglishwillimprovewithpractice.

Havetheyputtheirplanintopractice?

他们把计划付诸实施了吗？practise

vt.&vi.练习，经常做

Jimmyusedtopractice(playing)footballeveryafternoon.

Shepractisesonthepianoforthreehourseveryday.advice

n.忠告，劝告，建议（不可数名词）

Shegavemesomegoodadvice/apieceofadviceaboutjobs.advise

vt.&vi.劝告，向……提供提议

Sheadvisedmeagainstgoingtotheparty.

她建议/劝我不要去参加聚会。Enjoy,EntertainandAmuseenjoy

vt.欣赏，喜爱，享受……之乐（后跟名词、动名词或反身代词，用于主动语态）

Ienjoyswimminginsummer.

We’rereallyenjoyingourselves.entertain

vt.款待，招待，请客；使……快乐，给……娱乐（=amuse）

Weoftenentertainfriendsatweekends.

UncleSamentertains/amusesthechildrenforhoursatatime.

萨姆叔叔一连好几小时地逗孩子们乐。

Mychildrencanentertain/amusethemselvesforhourswithtellingstoriestoeachother.amuse

vt.逗乐，逗笑（常用于被动语态）

Shewasamusedbyherfather’sfunnystories.

Hisstoryamusedthechildrenverymuch.Lesson70

Redfordanger【Newwordsandexpressions】（16）bullfight

n.斗牛drunk

n.醉汉wander

v.溜达，乱走ring

n.圆形竞技场地unaware

adj.不知道的，未觉察的bull

n.公牛matador

n.斗牛士remark

n.评论；言语apparently

adv.明显地sensitive

adj.敏感的criticism

n.批评charge

v.冲上去clumsily

adv.笨拙地bow

v.鞠躬safety

n.安全地带sympathetically

adv.同情地★sensitive

adj.敏感的，神经过敏的，易生气的，介意的（常与to+名词连用）Maryissensitivetosmells.You’retoosensitive.

你太敏感了（太容易生气）。Maryhasasensitiveear.

★charge

v.冲上去①vt.&vi.要价，收费Theychargedustoomuchforrepairs.Howmuchdoyouchargeforthisdress?②vt.指控，指责Thepolicechargedhimwithmurder.HechargedGarywithspeeding.③vt.&vt.猛攻，冲向，冲锋，向前冲Thebullchargedatthedrunk.★bow

v.鞠躬①vt.&vt.鞠躬，欠身，低下（头等）Thecrowdbrokeintocheersandthedrunkbowed.Asshecouldn’tanswerthequestion,shebowedherhead.②vi.让步，屈服，服从Whydidyoubowtotheirdecision?Hefinallybowedbeforemoneyandmarriedtheothergirl.③vt.压弯，压倒Mymotherisbowedwithage.

我母亲因年老而腰弯背驼。Thelittletreeisbowedwithsnow.【Text】Duringabullfight,adrunksuddenlywanderedintothemiddleofthering.Thecrowdbegantoshout,butthedrunkwasunawareofthedanger.Thebullwasbusywiththematadoratthetime,butitsuddenlycaughtsightofthedrunkwhowasshoutingruderemarksandwavingaredcap.Apparentlysensitivetocriticism,thebullforgotallaboutthematadorandchargedatthedrunk.Thecrowdsuddenlygrewquiet.Thedrunk,however,seemedquitesureofhimself.Whenthebullgotclosetohim,heclumsilysteppedasidetoletitpass.Thecrowdbrokeintocheersandthedrunkbowed.Bythistime,however,threemenhadcomeintotheringandtheyquicklydraggedthedrunktosafety.Eventhebullseemedtofeelsorryforhim,foritlookedonsympatheticallyuntilthedrunkwasoutofthewaybeforeoncemoreturningitsattentiontothematador.参考译文在一次斗牛时，一个醉汉突然溜达到斗牛场中间，人们开始大叫起来，但醉汉却没有意识到危险。当时那公牛正忙于对付斗牛士，但突然它看见了醉汉，只见他正大声说着粗鲁的话，手里挥动着一顶红帽子。对挑衅显然非常敏感的公牛完全撇开斗牛士，直奔醉汉而来。观众突然静了下来，可这醉汉像是很有把握似的。当公牛逼近他时，他踉跄地住旁边一闪，牛扑空了。观众欢呼起来，醉汉向人们鞠躬致谢。然而，此时已有3个人进入斗牛场，迅速把醉汉拉到安全的地方。好像连牛也在为他感到遗憾，因为它一直同情地看着醉汉，直到他的背影消逝，才重新将注意力转向斗牛士。【课文讲解】1、Thecrowdbegantoshout,butthedrunkwasunawareofthedanger.beunawareof…

不知道，没有觉察……

Whileshereadthebook,shewasunawareofthenoisearoundher.

Iwasunawarethatyouwerecoming.

我不知道你要来。2、Thebullwasbusywiththematadoratthetime,butitsuddenlycaughtsightofthedrunkwhowasshoutingruderemarksandwavingaredcap.catchsightof…

突然看到……

AsIcameoutoftheshop,IcaughtsightofDaninthecrowd.3、Thedrunk,however,seemedquitesureofhimself.be/feelsureofoneself

有自信心

She’salwayssosureofherself.4、Apparentlysensitivetocriticism,thebullforgotallaboutthematadorandchargedatthedrunk.sensitivetocriticism

对挑衅/批评敏感chargeat…

向……攻击5、Thecrowdbrokeintocheersandthedrunkbowed.breakintocheers

突然喝起彩来breakinto…

突然发出，突然……起来

Onhearingthenews,shebrokeintotears.

WhenSallysawthewomanwearingahatthatlookedlikealighthouse,shebrokeintolaughter.6、Eventhebullseemedtofeelsorryforhim,foritlookedonsympatheticallyuntilthedrunkwasoutofthewaybeforeoncemoreturningitsattentiontothematador.lookon

旁观，观看

Manypeoplejustlookedonwhilethetwomenrobbedawoman.outoftheway