大脑半球课件

Thediencephalon

间脑Thediencephalon

间脑I.PositionLiesbetweenmidbrianandcerebrum大脑almostentirelysurroundedbycerebralhemisphere

大脑半球I.PositionLiesbetweenmidbriII.

Subdivision

1.Dorsalthalamus

背侧丘脑

2.Epithalamus

上丘脑

3.Hypothalamus

下丘脑

4.

Metathalamus

后丘脑

5.Subthalamus

底丘脑:DoralthalamusEpithalamusHypothalamushypothalamicsulcusII.Subdivision

1.DorsalthMetathalamus

后丘脑Medialgeniculatebody内侧膝状体lateralgeniculatebody外侧膝状体MetathalamusMedialgeniculattransitionzonebetweenthethalamusandtegmentumofmidbrain,containsubthalamicnucleus

底丘脑核,

Subthalamus底丘脑:transitionzonebetweenthEpithalamus上丘脑:includes

thalamicmedullarystria

丘脑髓纹,habenulartrigone

缰三角

,habenularCommissure

缰连合,pinealbody

松果体

posteriorcommissure

后连合Epithalamus上丘脑:includestDorsalthalamus

Alargeegg-shapednucleusmass.anteriorthalamictubercle丘脑前结节,pulvinar丘脑枕divisionanteriornucleimedialnucleilateralnucleibyinternalmedullarylamina内髓板Dorsalthalamus

AlargeeggMed.nucleargroup

Ant.nucleargroup

丘脑前核Dorsalnuclei

internalmedullarylamina

内髓板Ventralanteriornucleus腹前核

Ventrallateralnucleus腹外侧核

Pulvinar枕

Ventralposteromedialnucleus

腹后内侧核

Ventralposterolateralnucleus腹后外侧核Ventralposteriornucleus腹后核

Med.nucleargroupAnt.nucleaFunctionalsubdivisionAccordingtothefunction,thethalamusmaybedividedintothethreegroups

Nonspecificrelaynuclei非特异性中继核

Associationnuclei

联络性核群

Specialrelaynuclei特异性中继核

FunctionalsubdivisionAccordin

Nonspecificrelaynuclei非特异性中继核

a)Midlinenucleusgroup中线核群

b)Intralaminarnucleargroup板内核群

c)Thalamicreticularnucleus丘脑网状核

Receiveafferentfibersfromrhinencephalon

嗅脑andreticularformationofbrainstem,projectmainlytocerebralcortex大脑皮质.MidlinenucleusgroupThalamicreticularnucleusIntralaminarnucleiReceiveafferentfibersfromrFunctionalsubdivisionAssociationnuclei

联络性核群

a)Anteriornucleargroup丘脑前核

b)Medialnucleargroup内侧核群

c)Dorsalnucleioflateralnucleargroup外侧核的背侧组Med.nucleargroup

Ant.nucleargroup

丘脑前核Dorsalnuclei

FunctionalsubdivisionAssociatSpecialrelaynuclei

特异性中继核Ventralanteriornucleus腹前核Ventrallateralnucleus腹外侧核

Ventralanteriornucleus腹前核

Ventrallateralnucleus腹外侧核

motorcortex

运动区receivingthefibersfrom：dentatenucleus（齿状核）globuspallidus（苍白球）

substantianigra（黑质）Specialrelaynuclei特异性中继核VenVentralPosteriornucleus腹后核

maybedividedintoVentralPosteromedialnucleus腹后内侧核:Ventralposterolateralnucleus腹后外侧核

trigeminallemniscusandtestefibersmediallemniscusspinallemniscusCerebralcortexsendoutfiberstothesomatosensoryarea

躯体感觉中枢.VentralPosteriornucleus腹后核

Metathalamus后丘脑Lateral

geniculatebody(LGN)外侧膝状体

InferiorcolliculusOptictractauditoryareavisualarea

Medialgeniculatebody(MGN)内侧膝状体Receivefibersfromoptictract视束.Projectstovisualareaviaopticradiation

视辐射.opticradiationMetathalamus后丘脑LateralgeniHypothalamus

下丘脑Boundaries1.Superiorly:

hypothalamicsulcus2.Inferiorly:opticchiasma,tubercinereum灰结节,infundibulum漏斗

mamillarybody乳头体3.Anterior:

laminaterminalis终板4.Posterior:continueswithmidbraintegmentumPosition:liesventraltothalamusHypothalamus下丘脑BoundariesPoHypothalamus

下丘脑Preopticregion

视前区Supraopticregion

视上区

a)Supraopticnucleus视上核:produceantidiuretichormone抗利尿激素

(ADH,orvasopression加压素)b)Paraventricularnucleus室旁核:produceoxytocin催产素。Tuberalregion

结节区

Infundibularnucleus漏斗核

Mamillaryregion

乳头体区

Mamillarynucleus乳头体核SubdivisionsandimportantnucleiHypothalamus下丘脑PrParaventricularnucleus

Paraventriculohypophysealtract

室旁垂体束Supraopticohypophysealtract视上垂体束posteriorlobeofhypophysisConnectswithhypophysis

垂体Supraopticnucleus(vasopressin加压素)(oxytocin催产素)ParaventricularnucleusParTuberoinfundibulartract结节漏斗束MedianeminencePortalv.Hypophysealv.anteriorlobe

FunctionRegulatesthefunctionofneuroendocrinesystemandautonomicnervousSystem.（其分泌物调节垂体前叶的分泌）Connectswithhypophysis垂体Infundibularnucleus漏斗核Tuberoinfundibulartract结节漏斗Thirdventricle第三脑室

CommunicationBytheInterventricularforamen→lateralventricle侧脑室bymesencephalicaqueduct→fourthventriclePosition:anarrowcleftlieswithindiencephalon.

Interventricularforamen室间孔mesencephalicaqueduct

中脑水管Thirdventricle第三脑室CommunLateral

geniculatebodyMedialgeniculatebodyMetathalamusLateralgeniculatebodyMedial大脑半球ppt课件Supraopticnucleus

视上核MamillarynucleusarcuatenucleusParaventriculohypophysealtract室旁垂体束

Supraopticohypophysealtrac视上垂体束infundibulumposteriorlobeofhypophysistuberoinfundibulartract

结节漏斗束Paraventricularnucleus

室旁核anteriorlobeofhypophsisSupraopticnucleusMamillaryn大脑半球ppt课件habenularCommissure

缰连合

habenulartrigone

缰三角

Pinealbody松果体habenularhabenulartrigonePiHypothalamus--connectionConnectswithlimbicsystem边缘系统ConnectswithbrainstemandspinalcordConnectswithdorsalthalamusConnectswithhypophysis垂体a)Supraopticnucleus(vasopressin加压素)→supraopticohypophysealtrac→posteriorlobeofhypophysisb)Paraventicularnucleus(oxytocin催产素)→paraventriculohypophysealtract→posteriorlobeofhypophysisc)Parvicellularneuronsinthearcuatenucleusandnearbyregionofthewallsofthethirdventriclesecretereleasingandinhibitinghormones→tuberoinfundibulartract→portalveinofhypophsis→anteriorlobeofhypophsisHypothalamus--connectionConneSubdivisionPrincipalNucleiCommonabbreviationAnt.nucleargroupMed.nucleargroupLat.nucleargroupDorsalgroupLateraldorsalLDLateralposteriorLPPulvinarVentralgroupVentralanteriorVAVentralintermediateVIVentralposteriorVPVentralposterolateralVPLVentralposteromedialVPMSubdivisionPrincipalNucleiCo