新概念英语第三册Lesson12笔记

Lesson12荒岛生活Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.我们许多人对于荒岛生活有一种不切实际的想法。Wesometimesimagineadesertislandtobeasortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.我们有时想象荒岛是阳光终日普照的天堂。Lifethereissimpleandgood.在那里，生活简单又美好。Ripefruitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.成熟的水果从树上掉下来，人们根本无需劳动。Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.另一种想法恰恰相反，Lifeonadesertislandiswretched.认为荒岛生活很可怕，YoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoe,Waitingforaboatwhichnevercomes.要么饿死，要么像鲁滨孙那样，天天盼船来，却总没见船影。Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththesepictures,也许，这两种都像都有可信之处。butfewofushavehadtheopportunitytofindout.但很少有人能有机会去弄个究竟。Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger.最近有两个人在一座珊瑚岛上呆了5天，他们真希望在那儿再多呆一些日子。TheyweretakingabadlydamagedboatfromtheVirginIslandstoMiamitohaveitrepaired.他们驾着一条严重损坏的小船从维尔京群岛阿密修理。Duringthejourney,theirboatbegantosink.途中，船开始下沉，Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andcansofbeer他们迅速把食物、火柴、罐装啤酒往一只救生筏上装。androwedforafewmilesacrosstheCaribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.然后在加勒比海上划行了几英里，到了一座珊瑚岛上。Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasnowater,butthisdidnotprovetobeaproblem.岛上几乎没有一颗树，也没有淡水，但这不算什么问题。Themencollectedrainwaterintherubberdinghy.他们用像皮艇蓄积雨水。Astheyhadbroughtaspeargunwiththem,theyhadplentytoeat.由于他们随身带了一支捕鱼枪，因此，吃饭不愁。Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday，and,asoneofthemputitatelikekings.他们天天捕捉龙虾和鱼，正如其中一位所说，吃得“像国王一样好”。Whenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.5天后，一条油轮从那儿路过，搭救了他们。这二位不得不离开那个荒岛时，还真的感到遗憾呢！笔记Newwordsandexpression生词和短语desertisland荒岛desertn.沙漠vt.背弃,遗弃dessertn.甜点unrealisticadj.不真实paradisen.天堂，乐士--AlotofpeopleimaginetheUSAastheirparadise.Heavenn.天堂,天国（也指死亡--gotoheaven）wretchedadj.可怜的，艰苦的=miserableadj.痛苦的,悲惨的,可怜--leadawretched/miserable/terrible/dog’slife.过着悲惨的生活。starvev.挨饿（--starvetodeath饿死）--Duringthewar,alargeofpeoplestarvedtodeath.--hungrytodeath我饿得要死（即：我非常饿）elementn.成分opportunityn.机会goldenopportunity绝好的机会--Don’tmissanygoldenopportunities.--opportunityknocksonlyonce千载难逢的机会chance表机会时可以与opportunity互换（后面+ofdoing,或todo）--IhadthechanceofvisitingParis.=IhadtheopportunityofvisitingParis.--Hehadnoopportunitytoseeher.chance表可能性时(=possibility),则不可opportunity互换。--ThereisachancethatIwillseehim.我有可能见到她。--Thechancesarethathewillbeelectedthepresident.他有可能当选总统。--Thechancesarethathewillpasshisexaminationnextweek.coraln.珊瑚VirginIslands维尔京群岛Miamin.迈阿密（美国最南的城市）Dinghyn.救生筏，小船Caribbeann.加勒比海speargun捕鱼枪lobstern.龙虾tankern.油轮genuinelyadv.由衷地--Heisgenuinelythankfultome.他由衷地地感谢我。Genuineadj.真实的,真正的,诚恳的Genuineness（n.）RobinsonCrusoe鲁滨孙.克鲁索（小说《鲁滨孙漂流记》主人公）Exceptionaladj.例外的,异常的Ripeadj.熟的,成熟的Fruitn.水果,果实,果类,成果Oppositeadj.相对的,相反的,对等的n.相反的事物Sinkvi.沉下,(使)下沉Provevt.证明,证实Spearn.矛,枪Text课文Whatwasexceptionalaboutthetwomen'sstayonthedesertisland?Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.formanunrealisticpictureofsth对…抱有不切实际的幻想--Alargenumberofpeoplehaveformedanunrealisticpictureofthejob.Form（v.形成,构成）=develop（vt.逐渐形成）--developahabit=formahabit养成一种习惯Wesometimesimagineadesertislandtobeasortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.imaginesthtobe=imaginesthas--Somepeopleimagineflyingtobemoredangerousthantravelingbytrain.--AlargenumberpeopleimaginetheUSAastheirparadise.Lifethereissimpleandgood.Ripefruitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.Youneverhavetowork=youneedn’twork=youdon’tneedtoworkTheothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Lifeonadesertislandiswretched.quitetheopposite恰恰相反/quitedifferentYoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoe,Waitingforaboatwhichnevercomes.EitheryouorIamgoingtotheparty.（谓语动词和最接近的主语保持一致）Eithercomeinorgoout,don’tstandonthedoorway.（门口,门道）Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththesepictures,butfewushavehadtheopportunitytofindout.anelementoftruth=abitoftruthOptimistic（adj.乐观的）Pessimistic（adj.悲观的,消极的）Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger.谓语动词wish之后的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气1>如果表达与现在情况相反,that从句中的动词要用过去时（be动词要用were）。--Iwishyoucoulddriveacar.=Iamsorryyoucan’tdriveacar.所表达的意思是：你要是能开车就好了。（表达一种遗憾的心情）2>如果表达与过去情况相反,that从句中的动词要用过去完成时。--IwishIhadn'tspentsomuchmoney.=IamsorryIspendsomuchmoney.--Iwishthatyouhadwrittentohim.=Iamsorryyoudidn’twritetohim.3>如果表达与将来事实相反的情况或将来不可能实现的心愿,that从句中要使用would,could等情态动词的过去时形式。--IwishthatIcouldgoabroadtomorrow.--Iwishthatyoucouldcomeheretomorrow.4>ifonly要比wish更富有戏剧性和感情色彩--Ifonlytheweatherwouldchange.=Iwishtheweatherwouldchange.要是天气转晴该有多好啊！--Wewishthatweknewwheretolookforhim.=Ifonlyweknewwheretolookforhim.要是我们知道到哪去找他该有多好啊！--Ifonlywecouldhavegonetotheparty.要是我们昨天能参加那个聚会该有多好啊！--Ifonlyyouhadn'tsaidthat.你要是不说那句话多好啊！--Ifonlyyouwouldcomeheretomorrow.你明天要是能来该有多好啊！TheyweretakingabadlydamagedboatfromtheVirginIslandstoMiamitohaveitrepairedDuringthejourney,theirboatbegantosink.haveitrepaired（havesthdone）Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andcansofbeerandrowedforafewmilesacrosstheCaribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.load…withsth把某物装载到…上--Theworkersareloadingthetruckwithgoods.Unload（vi.卸货,退子弹vt.倾销,卸）Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasnowater,butthisdidnotprovetobeaproblem.hardlyany=verylittle/few（hardlyadv.刚刚,几乎不）--Hardlyanybodylikeshimbecauseheissorude.几乎没人喜欢他,因为他非常粗鲁。--Youhardlyeatanything,what'swrong?你几乎什么都没吃,怎么了？provetobe=turnouttobeThemencollectedrainwaterintherubberdinghy.Astheyhadbroughtaspeargunwiththem,theyhadplentytoeat.Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday,and,asoneofthemputit'atelikekings'.Put=expressWhenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.Bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.=Ifonlywecouldhavestayedonthedesertislandalittlebitlonger.Specialdifficulties难点wish,ifonly1>hadboughtit（显然说明的是过去的情况）--sillyadj.愚蠢的,无聊的2>couldn't/wouldn'tmakesuchnoise.3>werehere（强调：他在这儿,该有多好）说明与现在情况相反的概念,无论什么人称,be动词应该使用were.4>couldplaythepianoaswell...5>hadstudiedhardthen.6>hadn'tmentionedittohim.Multiplechoicequestions多项选择1...C要么是过度乐观,要么是过度的悲观unrealadj.不真实的,虚幻的 presentvt.介绍,赠送,呈现wretchednessn.可怜,悲惨 idlenessn.闲散,懒惰,赋闲无事undulyadv.不适当地,过度地,不正当地optimisticadj.乐观的 pessimisticadj.悲观的,