英语名师讲练大一轮复习外研版通用核心素养测评二十五必修5Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish

温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。核心素养测评二十五必修5Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·阜阳模拟)Darwinnotedthatsomehumanemotionalexpressionsmighthavestartedaspartofaphysiologicalfunction:forexample,exposingtheteethtobitefood.Thefunction,however,tookonmeaningandbecameaformofmunicationwhichsignalsanger.Thesamemaybetruefortheanimals.Babymonkeyscryforattention.Theyalsocrytosignaltoanadultthattheywanttobecarried.“Chimpanzeesdomakeupsetvoicewhentheyarebeingweaned(断奶)bytheirmothersorhavelosttheirmothersoranotherindividual,”saysAnnePusey,aprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesota.“Theywhimper(呜咽)andcryandscream.Whenwehearthesecalls,theemotioninvolvedseemsobvious.However,theydonotweepinthesenseofproducingtears.Ihaveseenanadolescentmalewhimperingwhenhelostsightofhisolderbrotherwithwhomhehadbeentraveling.”Babiesofmanymammalianspecies,includingrats,cry.Moreover,whenababyratcries,oftenhismotherbringsthefallenpupbackintothenest.Thisisprobablyastraightforwardmunication,asitiswithhumans.However,psychologistsattheUniversityofIowaaren’tconvinced.TheIowanresearcherscancausethesamecryingsoundsbyproducinglargedecreasesandthenincreasesinbloodflow.Thebloodflowalsogoesdownwhenbabyratsgetcold.Thus,theyconcludebabyratscryinthesamewaythatwesneeze.Ofcoursetheratbabycouldbecryingbecausehe’scoldandwantshismothertoknow.“Allyoungmammalsmakecrieswhenseparatedfromtheirmother,”saysJaakPanksepp,apsychologistatBowlingGreenStateUniversity.“Ifyou’rewillingtocallthiscrying,thencertainlyotheranimalsshowthisemotionalresponse.”hesays,“Someofustakeseriouslythatanimalsdohaveemotions.”【文章大意】达尔文说过,最初人类的身体反应可能成为情绪表达的方式。动物也是如此。本文列举了一些动物的“哭”的行为表达了它们的情绪。1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatkindofemotiondoes“exposingtheteeth”express?A.Disappointment.B.Excitement.C.Anger. D.Happiness.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“一开始这一行为是吃的功能,到后来有了它的含义,表达的是愤怒的交流方式”,故选C项。2.Whichisoneprobablereasonwhyyoungchimpanzeesmightbecrying?A.Theymeettheirbrother.B.Theyhavenothingtoeat.C.Theyarebeingbreastfed.D.Theyarepartedfromtheirmothers.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的第一句Chimpanzeesdomakeupsetvoicewhentheyarebeingweanedbytheirmothersorhavelosttheirmothersoranotherindividual,可知要给它们断奶或失去妈妈时,它们的确发出不安的声音。故选D项。3.Underwhatcircumstancewillbabyratscryjustlikehumans’sneeze?A.Theirbloodflowisdecreased.B.Theyfeelcoldandlongforaffection.C.Theirbloodflowisincreased.D.Theirmotherbringsthembackhome.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的最后两句话可知,babyrats之所以哭是因为它们冷了,想要妈妈知道。故选B项。4.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Ananimaljournal. B.Aphysiologybook.C.Ahealthmagazine D.Aculturalnewspaper.【解析】选A。文章出处题。人类的身体反应可能成为情绪表达的方式。动物也是如此。列举了一些动物的“哭”的行为表达了它们的情绪。故选A项。【知识拓展】长难句分析Thus,theyconcludebabyratscryinthesamewaythatwesneeze.分析:conclude后引导一个宾语从句,在宾语从句中that引导定语从句修饰先行词way。翻译:因此,他们得出结论:老鼠宝宝哭的方式和我们打喷嚏的方式一样。BConsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadeinmachinetranslationthatusesartificialintelligence,tothepointthatitnowprovidestheaverageEnglishskilllevelofauniversitygraduate.Howmuchmightmachinesbeabletoachieveinthefuture?Forwhatpurpose,andtowhatextent,shouldtheJapanesedeveloptheirEnglishskills?Untilnow,machinetranslationhasbeenusedinplaceofadictionarywhenreadingandwritingEnglish,butithasn’tbeenusabletoprehendorposelargertexts.MachinetranslationusingAImadeitsfirstappearanceinautumnlastyear,andfrommypointofviewasatranslator,it’snotunmonforEnglishpositionsproducedbysuchmachinetranslationtobebetterthanthoseproducedbyunaidedJapanesestudents.However,italsohasweakpoints.Itcan’tcheckformistranslations,mistakesorlanguagesitdoesn’tunderstand.TheaccuracyofAItranslationishighforrelativelyformaltexts,butitcan’tbeusedforthingslikemorecasualtexts,conversationaltextwithinnovels,andsonglyrics.Further,itdoesnottranslatewithafirmgraspofthemeaningofthetextthatitistranslating.Forexample,translationssuchas“Iwasbornin2001,andmyyoungersisterwasbornin2000”canoccur.WhydowecurrentlyteachEnglishtoallJapanesechildren?Ithinktherearetwoanswerstothat.Thefirstreasonistobuildcharacter:Englishforgeneraleducation.Bygaininganunderstandingofoverseaspolitics,economics,societyandculture,anddrawingparisonswithJapan,theycanetounderstandJapanbetter.Similarly,theycanunderstandtheJapaneselanguagemoredeeplybyparingitwithEnglish.ThesecondreasonisthatEnglishisuseful.Ithaspracticaluses,andallowsglobalmunication.ThereareawidevarietyofbusinessusesforEnglish,anditcanalsobeusedtomunicatewithforeignersvisitingJapan.Itfurtherallowspeopletogatherinformationfromoverseasreports.EversincetheMeijiperiod(明治时期)theoriginalandmainaimofJapanesepeoplelearningEnglishhasbeentolearnaboutoverseastechnologies.【文章大意】通过讲述机器翻译的利与弊,引出不如让日本孩子学英语的话题,并举出学英语的好处。5.Whatisthedisadvantageofmachinetranslation?A.ItcanprovidetheaverageEnglishskill.B.Itcanbeusedasanormaldictionary.C.ItcanbeusedtotranslateEnglish.D.Itcannotbeusedinsomelongertexts.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话中的butithasn’tbeenusabletoprehendorposelargertexts可知选D项。6.WhydoestheauthorsuggestthatallJapanesechildrenlearnEnglish?A.BecauseEnglishcanhelpchildrenlearnChineseandJapanesewell.B.BecausetheauthorhimselfisanEnglishteacherinaschool.C.BecauselearningEnglishcanmakeJapanesechildrenmoreknowledgeable.D.BecauselearningEnglishisatraditioninJapan.【解析】选C。推理判断题。在文章的最后三段讲到了日本的孩子要学英语的原因,利用排除法可知选C项。7.WhatwasthefirstaimforJapanesetolearnEnglish?A.Tolearnaboutforeigntechnologies.B.TotalkaboutJapanwithforeigners.C.Topassallkindsofexams.D.TomunicatewithAItranslators.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句EversincetheMeijiperiodtheoriginalandmainaimofJapanesepeoplelearningEnglishhasbeentolearnaboutoverseastechnologies.可知日本人学英语的最原始的目的是从国外学习科学技术。故选A项。8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslearningEnglish?A.It’snouselearningEnglishinmoderntimes.B.It’senoughtouseamachinetohelptranslateEnglish.C.ItisofgreatimportanceforpeopletolearnEnglish.D.Itisthetranslator’sdutytolearnEnglish.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通过讲述机器翻译的弊端,引出了让日本的孩子学习英语这个话题,并列举了学习英语的好处。故选C项。【知识拓展】长难句分析Considerableadvanceshavebeenmadeinmachinetranslationthatusesartificialintelligence,tothepointthatitnowprovidestheaverageEnglishskilllevelofauniversitygraduate.分析:第一个that引导的定语从句修饰machinetranslation;第二个that引导的定语从句修饰point。本句话使用的“makeadvancesto...取得进步到……”的被动语态形式。翻译:利用人工智能的机器翻译已经取得很大的发展,现在到了一个普通大学毕业生的英语水平的程度。Ⅱ.阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Althoughyoureyesaredesignedtobeused24hoursaday,focusingonsmallitemsforalongperiodoftime,perhapswhilereadingorworkingonaputer,monlycauseseyestrain.Therearethingsyoucandotohelpavoidandtreateyestrain.1Youcantrythepracticeknownascupping.Rubyourhandstogethertomakethemwarm.Putyourhandsoveryoureyesandclosethem.Breathenormallyandrelaxwithyourpalmsonyoureyesfor5to10minutes.

Whenyoustareatclosedistancesforlongperiodsoftime,youshouldfollowtheseeyerelaxationtechniques.2Ifnot,youcanoverlystraintheciliarymuscle(睫状肌)ofyoureye,whichistheonethatcontrolthelens(晶状体)duringtheworkofeyesightatadistance.Youcanalsomakeyourselfnearsighted,eithertemporarilyorpermanently.

Blinkingprovidesabreakforoureyes,butisoftendisregardedduetoourheavyandlongworkloads.3Tohelpwiththis,trainyourselftoblinkmoreoftentopreventdryness.

Someeyestrainoccursbecauseyoulookatthingsfortoolongwithoutabreak,suchasaputerscreenorbook.4Trytousethe202020rule,whichmeansthatevery20minutes,takea20secondbreakandfocusonsomethingelsethat’s20feetaway.

5Todothis,rollyoureyesslowlysidetoside,andupanddown.Repeatthisthreetofivetimes.Performtheseexercisesacoupleoftimeseachday,especiallyifyouareworkingforalongtime.

A.Blinkingalsocleansesyoureyes.B.Itcanalsohelpwitheyestraincausedbydryness.C.Whenyoureyesaretired,tryrelaxationtechniques.D.Thepressureonyoureyesshouldbelightandfortable.E.Takebreaksandsitwithyoureyesclosedforafewsecondstoavoideyestrain.F.Tohelpstrengthenyoureyemuscles,youshouldexercisethemusclesinyoureyes.G.Youshouldfrequentlyincreasethedistancebetweenyouandtheobjectyoufocuson.【文章大意】本文介绍了保护眼睛的方法。1.【解析】选C。根据本段的内容特别是最后一句中的relax,可知当眼睛疲劳时,试用下放松技巧。故选C项。2.【解析】选G。结合上一句“如果近距离地长时间看一个东西,应该采用下面的方法放松”和下文的makeyourselfnearsighted可知你要离物体远一些,故选G项。3.【解析】选B。根据下面一句“要勤眨眼避免眼干涩”可知上一句应该是说“眨眼可以缓解眼干涩导致的眼疲劳”,故选B项。4.【解析】选E。上文“有些眼疲劳是因为长时间盯着屏幕或书不休息造成的”和下文告诉我们一种用眼模式,可知,要经常休息以避免眼疲劳。故选E项。5.【解析】选F。结合下文讲该如何让眼睛运动可知应填入做眼保健操的内容,故选F项。【知识拓展】佳词积累1.strain n.重负;劳损2.cupping n.拔火罐;杯吸法3.blink v.眨眼睛4.temporarily adv.暂时地5.permanently adv.永久地Ⅲ.短文改错导学号假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Hi,David,manythankfo