高考英语语法复习名词形容词副词学案

一轮语法复习名词（短语）、形容词（短语）和副词（短语）名词形容词、副词短语定义短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。名词短语指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。形容词短语指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。副词短语指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。这个语法板块的主题为“润色文稿”。学生在熟练掌握名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的形式和意义后，能够将其运用到语篇中，使语言更加充实、生动和准确。短语类型组成功能例子名词短语NounPhrases（限定词）+（形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词）+名词+（介词短语）在句中当名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾补。abeautifulcampussomeschoolclubsabeautifulcampusofmyschool形容词短语AdjectivePhrases（副词）+形容词+（介词短语）在句中当形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾补。verysuitablereallyveryconfusingstrongenoughgoodfornothing副词短语AdverbPhrases（副词）+（副词）在句中当副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。veryquicklyquitewellfartoofastmuchmorecreatively名词，形容词和副词巩固练习、一、名词、形容词和副词在2021,2022,和2023高考语法填空真题中。1.Whenhelookeddown,he_______________(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.（2022·全国卷）2.Hesavedmy_____________(son)life.（2022·全国卷）3.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental________________(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore_______________(meaning).（2022·全国卷）4.In2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s_________(high)mountain.（2022·全国卷）5.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate____________(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and_______________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.（2022·全国卷）6.AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe__________(large)teaproducingcountry,Chinahasa_________________(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.（2022·全国卷）7.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,______________（rough）200academics（2022·浙江）8.Whentheanswer,wasno,she,declinedthe_____________（invite）.（2022·浙江）9.Itoldhimhow______________(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreecofriendlyoptions.（2021·全国卷）10.Apany_____________(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.（2021·全国卷）11.In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir________________（marry）ceremonyin1842.（2021·全国卷）12.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch___________（small）thanitistoday.（2021·全国卷）13.Wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat__________(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!（2021·全国卷）14.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand________________(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir__________(day)routines.（2021·全国卷）15.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____________(human)are.（2021·全国卷）16.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill___________________(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!（2021·全国卷）17.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobeeeducatedabouttheareasbothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe_____________(develop)ofthelocalareas.（2021·全国卷）18.Provide___________(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.（2021·全国卷）19.____________(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andacmodationsaimtohave(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.（2021·全国卷）20.Itiscalculatedbydividinga____________(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.（2021·浙江）21.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed____________(sharp).（2021·浙江）22.Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeoplelivinginthecountryside,including__________(low)levelsofineandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.（2021·浙江）23.____________(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.(23甲)24.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacethatwelesthefastpaceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21stcenturyarchitectural____________(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.(23乙25.The_____________(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.(2023全国乙卷)26.Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,______________(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.(2023全国I卷)27.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____________(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.(2023全国I卷)28.SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe__________(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorefortableand______(confidence)speakingEnglish.(23国II)29.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive__________(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.(2023全国II卷)30.So,whataretheylearning?__________(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.(2023全国II卷)二、语法填空(新高考全国I卷阅读)Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharitytoreduce1.___________(lonely)andimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelp2.__________(patient)sufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereporteda3.____________(reduce)intheusedofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis8yearoldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwas4.____________(young)andhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.”“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey’vegonetobed.“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentseandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreative5.______________(activity),anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomething6.___________(use).”Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomeintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengiven7._____________(finance)supporttorollitoutcountrywide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residents8._________(real)weletheideaoftheprojectandthe9.__________(create)sessions.Wearelookingforwardtothe10.___________(benefit)andfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”三、写作运用——翻译下列句子。（2022年1月浙江续写）最重要的是，我希望他不要把我分配给一个竞争激烈、极其严肃的家伙，他总是穿着深色衣服，显然有与之相配的个性。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2022年1月浙江续写）这是一个有挑战性的学生，以专心致志和好成绩著称——和我完全相反。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2021年新高考卷续写）两人悄悄地走下楼梯来到厨房。_______________________________________________________________________________（2021年新高考卷续写）谢天谢地，杰夫保持冷静，迅速关掉了煤气。_______________________________________________________________________________（2021·全国卷应用文）网络学习日益成为人们获取知识、解决问题的重要手段。但是做一个聪明的在线学习者有它的优点和缺点。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2021·全国卷应用文）总之，我们应该很好地了解它的优点和缺点，找到适当的方法使我们的学习更有效。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2022全国卷应用文）作为我们杰出的外语老师，您的帮助对我们很有帮助。_______________________________________________________________________________（2022全国卷应用文）如果你能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。_______________________________________________________________________________语法练习答案一、名词、形容词和副词在2021和2022高考语法填空真题中。1.Whenhelookeddown,heaccidentally(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.（2022·全国卷2.Hesavedmyson’s(son)life.（2022·全国卷）3.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmentalprotection(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmoremeaningful(meaning).（2022·全国卷）4.In2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighest(high)mountain.（2022·全国卷）5.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulations(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,andeventually(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.（2022·全国卷）6.AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargest(large)teaproducingcountry,Chinahasaresponsibility(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.（2022·全国卷）7.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly（rough）200academics（2022·浙江）8.Whentheanswer,wasno,she,declinedtheinvitation（invite）.（2022·浙江）9.Itoldhimhowharmful(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreecofriendlyoptions.（2021·全国卷）10.Apanyrepresentative(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.（2021·全国卷）11.In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheirmarriage（marry）ceremonyin1842.（2021·全国卷）12.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuchsmaller（small）thanitistoday.（2021·全国卷）13.Wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetter(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!（2021·全国卷）14.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowers(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheirdaily(day)routines.（2021·全国卷）15.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywehumans(human)are.（2021·全国卷）16.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwillundoubtedly(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!（2021·全国卷）17.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobeeeducatedabouttheareasbothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopment(develop)ofthelocalareas.（2021·全国卷）18.Providefinancial(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.（2021·全国卷）19.Activities(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andacmodationsaimtohave(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.（2021·全国卷）20.Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’s(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.（2021·浙江）21.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowedsharply_(sharp).（2021·浙江）22.Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeoplelivinginthecountryside,includinglower(low)levelsofineandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.（2021·浙江）225.Theremarkable(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.(2023全国乙卷)26.Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,tasty(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.(2023全国I卷)27.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarely(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.(2023全国I卷)28.29.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviews(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.(2023全国II卷)30.So,whataretheylearning?Basically(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.(2023全国II卷)二、语法填空(新高考全国I卷阅读)Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharitytoreduce1.loneliness(lonely)andimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelp2.patients(patient)sufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereporteda3.reduction(reduce)intheusedofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis8yearoldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwas4.younger(young)andhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.”“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey’vegonetobed.“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentseandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreative5.activities(activity),anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomething6.useful(use).”Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomeintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengiven7.financial(finance)supporttorollitoutcountrywide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residents8.really(real)weletheideaofthe