高考二轮总复习课件英语专题一阅读理解

第一部分阅读专题一阅读理解英语2023内容索引NO.1读文总策略•破解阅读理解必备3大策略NO.2题型微技法•提升阅读理解解题13大技法NO.3真题实战•经典对练拿高分读文总策略•破解阅读理解必备3大策略NO.1策略一运用“3大”猜词技法,突破语篇词汇障碍阅读理解中的障碍词汇,尤其是文章中的一些关键词,能够直接影响阅读的速度、理解的程度和做题的正确率。下面通过对近两年全国卷及新高考Ⅰ卷阅读理解中出现的障碍词汇的整理分析,归纳出三个技法来帮助考生扫清阅读障碍。技法1依据熟义猜生义,语境之中定含义虽然高考阅读理解所涉生词量是有限制的,但是对课标词汇的含义的考查是没有限制的。很多单词本身有很多释义,除了我们所熟知的常用基本意思,还有很多其他衍生义。命题人在出题时会涉及考生熟悉的单词的陌生含义。典例1(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷,B)Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory...Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it’smorelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.【分析】

单词熟义生义stickv.粘,贴;伸出v.(随便)摆放,放置grainn.谷物,谷粒n.性格,天性nearadv.,adj.&prep.在附近;几乎;靠近v.接近;靠近recovervi.恢复;康复;好转vt.重新利用对于熟词生义和一词多义,考生要在平时的阅读和练习中积累相关知识,多加复习,在语境中体会单词的含义。考生在考场上遇见熟词生义时要沉着冷静,可以根据其熟义,结合语境判断其生义。技法2长难单词巧拆解,利用构词猜词义学会拆解单词并利用构词法猜测词义是考生必备的一项技能。英语中常见的构词有三类:派生、转化与合成。由词缀(前缀和后缀)和词根相结合构成单词的方法叫作派生法;把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法;由两个或两个以上单词合成一个新单词的方法叫作合成法。典例2(2021全国乙卷,C)You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse”,apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.【分析】

派生ecosystemeco-(生态的)生态系统re-examinere-(再,重新)再次检查;重新考虑转化worthadj.值……钱,有价值n.相当于特定单位的数量titlen.题目;头衔;职务v.定题目pressuren.压力vt.对……施加压力合成single-usesingle(单个的)+use(使用)adj.供一次使用的cleanupclean(清扫)+up(彻底)n.清扫footprintfoot(脚)+print(印记)n.足迹技法3全然陌生莫慌张,巧用逻辑判意义高考阅读理解越来越注重能力的考查。阅读理解语篇中会含有一些生词,而且有一部分生词考生从来没有见过,也不能通过构词法来猜测。这些词就是考生做题的拦路虎,需要考生利用上下文提供的线索来猜测词义。【分析】

生僻词语分析词义smallfry根据seating50,000people,comparedwith以及accommodatedaround250,000people可以猜测出意思(相比之下)不重要的人或事物课堂应用根据语境猜测画线词汇含义:1.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,A)It’soneofthebest-ratedhostelsinthecity,andforgoodreason.

2.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,C)Millionsofacresofwetlandswere①driedtofeedand②housethe③ever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(栖息地).①

②

③

评价最高的

使变干给……提供住处不断增长的3.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,D)Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchers①re-evaluatethe②functionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.①

②

4.(2021全国乙卷,A)Inaround80A.D.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld’sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.

重新评价功能对……有影响5.(2021全国乙卷,D)Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.

6.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,听力)Everytimeyoumakecoffee,drytheleftovercoffeegroundsandkeeptheminsmallbowls,thenplacethebowlsinthekitchen.

7.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,听力)FrommyplacetoShelton,wehavetodrivethroughthequarters,sowe’dbetterleaveearlytoavoidthetraffic.

微不足道的渣滓;沉淀物城镇的区8.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,A)Romecanbepriceyfortravelers,whichiswhymanychoosetostayinahostel(旅社).

9.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Onereasonisthatmostpeoplearenotevenawareoftheirmispronunciations.

10.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,D)Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.

高价的;过分昂贵的发音错误宣传策略二运用“4招”技法,破解长难句一般情况下,一个谓语形式的动词会对应其动作的发出者(主语),我们可以根据谓语动词来确定主语。而且,如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语动词,则该句可能是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。例如:技法1据谓语,找主干典例1(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷,B)It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.【分析】找谓语:分析句子成分可知,本句的主干句为:It’sjaw-dropping;谓语为:is。找主语:由谓语is可知主语为形式主语It,真正的主语是howmuch引导的从句。析成分:此句为复合句,主句为主系表结构。It是形式主语,代替后面howmuch引导的主语从句。主语从句的主语是food,谓语用了被动语态isthrownaway,破折号后面的部分解释说明被扔掉的食物的情况。句意:令人瞠目结舌的是,有多少非常好的食物被扔掉了——从杂货店拒绝出售的丑陋(但还可以吃)的蔬菜,到被扔进餐馆垃圾桶的大量未食用的菜肴。技法2提主干,去枝叶一般情况下,一个结构复杂的句子中主干所表达的信息为主要信息,从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来,就不能完全把握句子的核心意义,从而导致思维混乱,主次不分。因此,提炼句子主干是把握句子核心意义的关键。例如:技法3寻关联,辨逻辑一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们找准这些关联词,就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系,弄清楚主句的意义和各从句的意义,这样长句就容易理解了。要掌握此方法必须对英语中常见的关联词熟记于心。例如:典例3(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,D)Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.提主干:句子主干为:wehopethat...。寻关联,辨逻辑:此句为复合句,Although引导让步状语从句。其中在主句“wehopethat...”中,that引导宾语从句。句意:尽管人们对情商的持续关注是可取的,但我们希望这种关注将激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。技法4看搭配,防分隔有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成的,而且这些搭配中常常出现分隔现象。考生若受分隔现象的干扰而看不清句子的本来面目,则对句意的理解就会发生偏差。因此要明辨句中的搭配。例如:典例4(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,C)TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.提主干:本句主干为:TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling。寻关联,辨逻辑:“whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey”为定语从句。看搭配,防分隔:apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa是J.N.“Ding”Darling的同位语。句意:“丁”达林,一个来自艾奥瓦州得梅因的政治漫画家,他当时被富兰克林罗斯福总统任命为生物调查局局长。课堂应用1.(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷,B)Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat.【分析】寻谓语,找主干:本句的谓语为

,主干为

。

析成分:本句中whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat.是

连接了两个表示方式的结构bydoingsth。

canplayEveryonecanplayapartwhether...or

每个人都可以在减少浪费中发挥作用,无论是在你每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物,还是要求餐馆不上你不吃的配菜。2.(2021全国甲卷,A)Iusedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievetheblack-and-whiteimage(图像).【分析】寻谓语,找主干:本句的谓语为

,主干为

。

析成分:本句中translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop是过去分词短语作

,修饰techniques;toachievetheblack-and-whiteimage为动词不定式短语作

。

used

Iusedclassicaltechniques后置定语目的状语为了实现黑白图像,我采用了传统技术,把大学时期要在暗室里完成的东西用Photoshop完成了。advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives宾语从句我们希望在未来的几十年间,科技的进步会为我们研究人们如何经营生活提供新的视角。

4.(2021全国乙卷,C)Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic”,VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(倾倒)fromatruckallatonce.【分析】提主干:分析句子成分可知,_______________________________________

为句子的主干。

寻关联,辨逻辑:which引导

,修饰先行词morethan10,000piecesofplastic,该定语从句中的they’dbeendumpedfromatruckallatonce是宾语从句。

VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic非限制性定语从句为了这幅名为“TruckloadofPlastic”的作品,VonWong和一群志愿者收集了一万多件塑料,然后把这些塑料捆到一起,从而使它们看起来就像是同时从卡车上倒下来的一样。5.(2021全国乙卷,B)OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.【分析】提主干:句子主干为:athirdconcedethat...寻关联,辨逻辑:OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline为表示范围的状语,其中包含一个who引导的

,修饰先行词Australians;that引导

,破折号后的内容19percentsaytheyneveruseit...emergencies是对前面内容的进一步解释说明;while是转折连词,意为“而”,用于对比其前后两句的内容。

定语从句宾语从句在澳大利亚仍使用座机的人中,三分之一的人承认座机其实不是必需的,他们将其作为一种心理安慰——19%的人表示他们从未使用过座机,另有13%的人保留座机以防紧急情况。策略三理清4种文体结构,提升读文解题速度文体1应用文

▶语篇结构

▶考情分析每套全国试卷的A篇通常都是应用文。应用文的类型通常有广告、海报、通知、旅游信息等。主要考查细节理解,偶尔考查推理判断与词义猜测。▶文体特点1.语言特点:语言简洁,句式相对简单。2.结构特点:①平行段落:几条或者几类信息在不同的段落以相同的顺序呈现,如时间、地点、过程、联系方式等;②次级标题:通过小标题把文章分成几个部分,每一部分有一个或几个段落围绕小标题进行阐述。本文属于这类结构;③表格:利用列表的方式把不同的信息或者主题分割开,每一列或者每一行说明一个主题或者事件,直观明了。▶读文策略先题后文,定位关键信息,切忌逐句细读。应用文阅读理解是送分题,一定要做到稳、准、快,保住基础分。速读题干,快速浏览加粗字体的标题、小标题或者加下划线的语句等重要信息,确定语篇信息。21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan. D.Anacademicarticle.21.根据文章的标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature”以及下文提到的内容可知,本文可能出自一个课程计划。故选

项。C22.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.22.根据文章中提到的“Essays(60%)”“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)”可知,最终的分数由三部分组成。故选

项。

B23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.23.根据最后一段中的“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.”可知,截止日期一周后才上交,将得零分。故选

项。A文体2记叙文

“What’sthat?”theyasked.“It’salargewoodenchestfulloftoysformygrandchildren,”Ireplied.“Youdon’thavegrandchildren,”someonesaid.“Idon’tnow,”Ireplied.“ButsomedayIwill.WhenIdo,myboxwillbefullofwonderfulthingsforthem.”MyimaginaryGrandma’sBoxworkedlikemagicthatspring,andlater.SometimesstudentswouldaskmetodescribeallthethingsIhadinit.ThenIwouldtrytorememberthedifferentpossessionsIsupposedlyhadtakenaway—sinceIseldomactuallykeptthem.Usuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwouldreturnthebelonging.▶语篇结构

▶考情分析通常每套试卷中均有一篇记叙文类阅读理解。记叙文类阅读理解以细节理解题、推理判断题、词句猜测题和标题归纳题为主。▶文体特点1.语言特点:①记叙文以描写、叙述为主。②一般以过去时为主,其余时态为辅,使用丰富多彩的谓语动词;多用动词,特别是动态强的实义动词。③新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写。2.结构特点:多按照时间先后顺序进行叙述,偶尔也有倒叙或插叙的情况。记叙文中有时会在叙述的基础上,辅以适当的议论,以表明作者的观点态度和目的,结构上采用“以叙为主,兼顾议论”或“先叙后议”或“夹叙夹议”。▶读文策略1.首先弄清楚记叙文的六要素和记叙的顺序,注意多个时间、地点、人物等的情况。理清事件的起因、经过和结果。2.阅读记叙文时应留意描写心理活动或文末议论时用到的形容词和副词,这可能涉及作者或者人物的观点和态度。A25.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theoffender”inparagraph8referto?A.Thestudent’sparent.B.ThemakeroftheGrandma’sBox.C.Theauthor’sgrandchild.D.Theowneroftheforbiddenfruit.25.根据第二段“Idecidedtothinkupamethodofdealingwithforbiddenfruit.”并结合作者与学生的对话可知,作者决定想出一个处理“违禁品”的方法,即告诉学生她会将它放进“奶奶的大木箱”;结合画线词所在句可知,通常违反纪律的学生会在一天结束的时候出现,然后作者就会归还物品。据此可知,画线词指的是“违禁品的拥有者”,故

项正确。

D26.WhatdidthestudentsdoaftertheylearnedaboutthebirthofGordon?A.Theywenttoplaywiththebaby.B.TheyaskedtoseetheGrandma’sBox.C.TheymadeapresentforGordon.D.Theystoppedaskingtheirtoysback.26.根据倒数第二段尾句可知,从那时起,学生们不再来要回自己的东西,而是说:“没关系。就把它放在你的‘奶奶的大木箱’里给Gordon吧。”据此可知,在得知作者的孙子出生以后,他们不再向作者要回玩具了,故

项正确。

D27.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.Sheenjoystellingjokes.B.Sheisastrictandsmartteacher.C.Shelovesdoingwoodwork.D.Sheisaresponsiblegrandmother.27.根据第一段到第七段的描述可知,针对学生携带“违禁品”问题,作者严格处理,要求他们上交“违禁品”,据此可以推知,作者是一位严格的老师;根据第八、九段的描述可知,作者虚拟出的“奶奶的大木箱”非常有用,据此可以推知,作者是一位聪明的老师。故

项正确。B文体3说明文

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5,500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.▶语篇结构

▶考情分析每套卷通常有一至两篇说明文。说明文考查主旨大意题、词句猜测题、写作意图题和观点态度题的频率较高。▶文体特点信息量大,难词较多,句式复杂,理解起来难度较大。▶读文策略1.细读重点:①文章的结构、主题句;各段首、末句中体现作者观点态度的词句。②有转折处,重要标点处,句子主干处。2.有选择地略读或跳读:烦琐的例子处,并列多项列举处,无关大局的生僻词汇处,较长的人名、地名处。24.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?A.Costly. B.Controversial.C.Ambitious. D.Successful.24.根据第一段第二句“Whenthetinycreaturearrived...tobebornatthereserve.”以及倒数第二段中的“ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympne...atthereserveandstilllivethere.”可推知,该保护区的繁育计划是成功的。故

项正确。D25.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.C.Sheisingoodcondition.D.Sheissensitivetoheat.25.根据第二段第二句“She’shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.”可知,新出生的犀牛状态良好。故

项正确。

C26.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces.C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.26.根据第一段第二句“WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31...”、第二段中的“Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemum...”和第三段第二句“ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisima...”可知,两头犀牛幼崽都于一月出生,而且Solio和Kisima这两头母犀牛都是第一次生产。故

项正确。

A27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPortLympneReserve?A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.27.根据第三段第一句中的“butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.”可推知,有一些黑犀牛也许会被送到野生动物保护区。故

项正确。

D文体4议论文

2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,D篇

主题语境:人与社会——科学研究

Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感的)intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.”Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralperson.Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重视)onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.▶语篇结构

▶考情分析议论文类阅读理解在全国卷中的考查概率很低。题目涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词句猜测题和主旨大意题。▶文体特点1.议论文类文体通常分为三部分:提出问题(引论)→分析问题(本论)→解决问题(结论)。2.文中往往包含一个新提出的新奇观点和其他以往普遍认可的观点,下文针对相关观点的合理性及原因等展开讨论。▶读文策略1.在阅读过程中寻找主旨句,分析文章结构。2.分清事实(fact,即论据)与观点(opinion),尤其要注意不要将某些人的观点与作者本人的观点弄混,这在观点态度题中要加以注意。32.根据第一段中的“Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirable...‘peopleskills.’”可知,许多人错误地把情商看作一个人身上几乎所有的优秀品质。故

项正确。D33.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor”and“cheater”inparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.33.根据第二段的内容可知,作者在这一段首先陈述了一个观点,即我们更喜欢将情商描述为一组既可用于好的目的,也可用于坏的目的的特定技能,然后作者通过医生和骗子的例子来阐释这个观点。故

项正确。

B34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?

A.Favorable. B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.34.根据第三段中的“theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful...hashelpedboththepublicandresearchers...ineverydaylife”可知,作者对情商普及化的态度是支持的。故

项正确。A35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?A.Itsappealtothepublic.B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.C.Itspracticalapplication.D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.35.根据最后一段的内容,尤其是“wehope...studyofemotion.Itisourhopethat...pointusintherightdirection”可知,本段主要讲述了作者对未来有关情商研究的希望和期待。故

项正确。

B题型微技法•提升阅读理解解题13大技法NO.2考点一细节理解题聚焦命题明晰增分策略研命题

透析高考真题,把握命题规律近3年高考细节理解题题量统计考情解读年份卷别202220212020①命题人会要求考生根据不同的要求来阅读文章,以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。②细节理解题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的50%左右,相对比较容易,是阅读理解的送分题。新高考全国Ⅰ卷668全国Ⅰ卷(全国乙卷)1077全国Ⅱ卷(全国甲卷)568全国Ⅲ卷

7明策略

升华解题思维,考场有序增分命题方式解题捷径选项特征1.特殊疑问句形式:以what,which,how,why,who,where,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出的问题。2.填空题形式:通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节。3.就文中数字、事件排序等进行设问。采用寻读法,解题分3步:第1步——先读题干,抓住关键词;第2步——带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子;第3步——仔细对比选项和原文信息,继而找出答案。■正确选项特征1.同义替换2.信息归纳3.正话反说4.原文原词■干扰选项特征1.张冠李戴2.无中生有3.曲解文意4.颠倒是非5.正误参半技巧点拨领悟解题之道技法1直接信息题——

定位信息巧比对

21.WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTake

a

view?A.Writers.B.Photographers.C.Painters.D.Tourists.▶设题特点考查直接信息的题目在原文中可直接找到答案,不需要考生对事实做出分析或者判断,只需要他们从材料中直接获取信息。▶设问方式特殊疑问句形式:以when,where,what,which,who

等疑问词开头引出问题。▶图解技法

选项选项意思A作家B摄影师C画家D旅行者第二步:比对选项

分析:比对选项和信息句可知,利用原文原词photographers进行信息定位,即可知摄影师最有可能参加Take

a

view。第三步:确定答案根据以上分析可知答案为:

。

B技法2间接信息题——

同义转换慎甄选

(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,C篇)WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(栖息地).28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.▶设题特点为了增加迷惑性,出题人有时会利用同义词、近义词甚至反义词等对题干或正确答案进行“包装”,这就要求考生能够仔细分析,辨别出关键信息再作答。▶设问方式①特殊疑问句形式:以when,where,what,which,who等疑问词开头引出问题。②What

can

we

learn

(about)...from

the

passage?③According

to

the

author/passage...▶图解技法思维流程第一步:定位区间1.抓关键:题干中的关键词waterfowl和decline。2.锁信息:根据关键词确定关键句为“Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.”。第二步:比对选项

选项选项意思A湿地的丧失B水上运动的普及程度C河道污染D其他野生动物的到来分析:根据信息句“Millions

of

acres

of

wetlands

were

dried

to

feed

and

house

the

ever-increasing

populations,greatly

reducing

waterfowl

habitat”可知为了给日益增长的人口提供食物和住所,数百万英亩的湿地被弄干,极大地减少了水禽的栖息地。故湿地的减少是水禽数量下降的一个原因。Loss

of

wetlands和wetlands

were

dried为同义转述。第三步:确定答案根据以上分析可知答案为:

。

A技法3数字计算题——

整合推算定答案

Schools

and

CollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4.B.￡8.C.￡12.D.￡16.▶设题特点数字计算类细节理解题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说,计算量都比较小,容易计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解,从这个角度上讲,理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。▶设问方式设问方式以when,in

which

year,how

many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。▶图解技法

第二步:比对定答案

选项选项意思A4英镑B8英镑C12英镑D16英镑分析:根据题干中的关键词锁定Admission部分。参观者为一对夫妇外加两个十二岁以下的孩子;一名成年人可带十二岁以下儿童参观,儿童免费,成年人一位需要花费4英镑,两个大人是8英镑。故选B项。第三步:确定答案根据以上分析可知答案为:

。B课堂应用精练最新模拟题(2022山东潍坊第一次联考)The93rdAcademyAwardsceremonywasheldonApril25,2021,ratherthanitsusuallate-Februarydateduetothepandemic.WinnersThenominees(被提名者)wereannouncedonMarch15.Thewinnerswereannouncedduringtheawardsceremony.ChinesefilmmakerChloeZhaobecamethefirstwomanofcolortowinBestDirectorandthesecondwomanoverallafterKathrynBigelow,whoclaimedthetitleatthe2010ceremonyfordirectingThe

Hurt

Locker.BestActresswinnerFrancesMcDormandbecametheseventhpersontowinathirdactingOscarandthesecondtowinBestActressthreetimes.AsaproducerofNomadland,shealsowasthefirstpersoninhistorytowinOscarsforbothactingandproducingforthesamefilm.BestSupportingActresswinnerYounYuh-jungbecamethefirstKoreanperformerandsecondAsianfemaletowinanOscarafterMiyoshiUmeki,whowonthesamecategoryforherrolein1957’sSayonara.Part

of

awardsBest

ActorAnthonyHopkins—The

FatherasAnthonyBest

Supporting

ActressYounYuh-jung—MinariasSoon-jaBest

DirectorChloeZhao—NomadlandBest

Production

DesignMank—ProductionDesign:DonaldGrahamBurt;SetDecoration:JanPascaleBest

PictureNomadland—FrancesMcDormand,PeterSpears,andChloeZhaoBest

CinematographyMank—ErikMesserschmidtBest

Costume

DesignMa

Rainey’s

Black

Bottom—AnnRothBest

Supporting

ActorDanielKaluuya—Judas

and

the

Black

MessiahasFredHamptonRule

changesDuetotheceremonydatechange,theAcademychangedthequalificationdeadlineforfeaturefilmsfromDecember31,2020toFebruary28,2021.TheAcademyalsoreviseditsreleaseanddistributionrequirementsbyallowingforfilmsthatwerereleasedviavideoondemandorstreamingtobequalifiedfortheawards.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了第93届奥斯卡颁奖典礼以及各项奖项的获奖情况。1.Who

is

the

first

female

to

win

the

Academy

Award

for

Best

Director?A.ChloeZhao.B.KathrynBigelow.C.YounYuh-jung.D.FrancesMcDormand.答案B

解析

细节理解题。根据Winners标题下的“Chinese

filmmaker

Chloe

Zhao

became

the

first...and

the

second

woman

overall

after

Kathryn

Bigelow,who

claimed

the

title

at

the

2010

ceremony

for

directing

The

Hurt

Locker.”可知,第一个获得最佳导演奖的女士是Kathryn

Bigelow,因此B项正确。2.Which

film

won

the

most

awards

in

2021

Oscar?A.Nomadland. B.The

Father.C.Sayonara. D.Mank.答案A

解析

细节理解题。根据Winners标题下的“As

a

producer

of

Nomadland,she

also

was

the

first

person

in

history

to

win

Oscars

for

both

acting

and

producing

for

the

same

film.”可知,Nomadland获得了最佳表演奖和最佳制片奖。另外三部电影只获得了一个奖项,故A项正确。3.What

was

the

deadline

for

feature

films?A.April25,2021.B.March15,2021.C.February28,2021.D.December31,2022.答案C

解析

细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Due

to

the

ceremony

date

change,the

Academy

changed

the

qualification

deadline

for

feature

films

from

December

31,2020

to

February

28,2021.”可知C项正确。挑战外刊原创题Best

Hikes

in

Fiordland

National

ParkFiordlandNationalParkisafavoriteamonghikersbecauseofthewildnessofthemountainandbayscenery.Therearemanyeasyshortwalksandadvancedwalks.Checkthesetopwalksoutforinspiration.•ADDRESS

Southland9679,NewZealand•PHONE

+643-4423000Lake

Gunn

Nature

WalkItisidealforkids,wheelchairusers,ortravelerswithothermobilityissues,butevenadvancedhikerswillenjoyanamble(漫步)alongthispath.TheDusky

TrackThetrailrunsbetweentwolakes,crossingthreemajorvalleysystemsandtwomountainranges.TheviewsoverthewholeFiordlandlandscapearespectacular.Itcanbeverymuddy,withtreebranchesandsomerivercrossings,sobewellprepared.Falls

Creek

RouteIt’snotalwaysacaseoflongerhikesbeingmostdifficultinFiordland.TheFallsCreekRoutecanbedoneinafewhoursbutitisoneofthetoughestoptionsinFiordland.TheviewsofMountNgatimamoeandMountPyramidinwinterwillbeworthitforexpertmountainclimbers,though.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了峡湾国家公园四种不同的旅行路线及适合徒步的人群。4.Which

route

best

suits

people

with

mobility

difficulties?A.LakeGunnNatureWalk.B.RouteburnTrack.C.DuskyTrack.D.FallsCreekRoute.答案A

解析

细节理解题。根据Lake

Gunn

Nature

Walk部分的第一句“It

is

ideal

for

kids,wheelchair

users,or

travelers

with

other

mobility

issues...”可知,在Lake

Gunn

Nature

Walk难度低,更适合行动不便的人。故选A项。5.What

kind

of

hikers

will

enjoy

Dusky

Track?A.Thoselikeadventuresinjungle.B.Thoseprefersceneryofmountainsandwaters.C.Thosedislikehikingthroughthemud.D.Thosearepreparedtocrossrivers.答案B

解析

细节理解题。根据Dusky

Track部分的“The

trail

runs

between

two

la