高考英语阅读理解指导之事实细节题美霞

阅读理解专题之事实细节题2018届英语二轮复习Welcometoourclass!考情分析备考导航阅读理解要求考生能读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。其主要考查考生理解主旨和要义主旨大意题）理解文中具体信息事实细节题）根据上下文推断生词的词义猜测词义题）做出简单判断和推理推理判断题）理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图、观点和态度意图观点态度题）2015—2017新课标全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解统计双向细目表事实细节题的分类：根据信息分析整合难易程度，可分为直接信息题、语意转化题和综合信息题。2就题目形式而言，细节理解题的表现形式是多种多样的，最常见的有：（1）文章细节：针对文中细节具体信息提问（2）图表数据：对题目中的图表或数字信息进行简单的计算（3）顺序排列：选择文中细节出现的正确的时间顺序或逻辑顺序语意转化：题干中的关键词与原文的词可能是同义、近义或者反义关系综合信息题：综合几个段落的句子进行分析才能得出答案1WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNotTrueabout**/accordingtotheentionedinthepassage4What/Where/Which/Who/Why/When/How…？5Whichistherightorderoftheeventsaccordingtothepassage细节信息题的设题方式：经常考查的六大信息：时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、方式事实细节题解题原则及解题步骤解题原则：忠实于原文原句及全篇的逻辑关系，绝不能主观臆断。解题步骤：Step1:在题干中选定关键词（定位词）；Step2:用定位词（1到2个）去文中寻找依据；Step3:仔细阅读找到的信息句及上下句，对照选项，选出正确答案。定位词通常是哪些词？【2015全国卷I】isthetalonJamesBrindley22Whatisthetoes30HowaretheehibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali【2016全国I】32Whatdosetheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversations25WhywasGara'smoveasuccess26WhatwasthereactionofthersRobinson'sdecision【2017全国I】26Whatmadethechiccalmdown34What'sthelaststeeintothecu______1表示人名、地名等的专有名词和表示年份、数字等的数词，以及题干中出现的大写的名词。2表示抽象名词，指代一件具体事物的名词。3词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等Step1-在题干中选定关键词（定位词）（2015新课标卷I）21WhenisthetalonJamesBrindley（2017新课标卷I）21WherecanyoubuysouveniratPacificScienceCenter25Whatmadetheauthor’sgettingupearlyworthwhile（2016新课标卷I）21WhatisJaneAdamsnotedforinhistoryTas2请找出以下真题中5个小题的定位词（2016新课标卷I22WhatwasthereasonforO'Connor'sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm21WhenisthetalonJamesBrindleyAFebruary6th BMarch6thCNovember7th DDecember5th1November7thTheCanalesBrindleyisrecogniedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineersHewasalsoamajoradesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”Step2-用定位词（1到2个）去文中寻找依据Tas3：请找出下列题目中定位词对应的原文信息尤其注意语意转换和综合信息题21WhenisthetalonJamesBrindleyAFebruary6th BMarch6thCNovember7th DDecember5th1November7thTheCanalesBrindleyisrecogniedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineersHewasalsoamajoradesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”Step3-仔细阅读找到的信息句及上下句，对照选项，选出正确答案。Practice3：请选出下列小题的正确答案C2利用题目中的关键词找到相关内容2015新课标卷ISwimmingaleveninghours,not4intheafternoonfilledtheweeend,butthebestytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold—weatherrootvegetables—wasat7amadventuretotheSarasotafarmers’maretthatorethanworththeearlywae-upcall25Whatmadetheauthor’sgettinguBBreathinginfreshairCWalinginthemorningsunDVisitingalocalfarmer’smaret22015新课标卷ISwimmingaleveninghours,not4intheafternoonfilledtheweeend,butthebestytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold—weatherrootvegetables—wasat7amadventuretotheSarasotafarmers’maretthatorethanworththeearlywae-upcall25Whatmadetheauthor’sgettinguBBreathinginfreshairCWalinginthemorningsunDVisitingalocalfarmer’smaretD3注意代词的指代和同义替换2014年全国卷ISadly,theabundanceofmercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntil,tainghundredsatatimeThebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants26WhatwasthemainreasonforaemoneyDToprotectcrops3注意代词的指代和同义替换2014年全国卷ISadly,theabundanceofmercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntil,tainghundredsatatimeThebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants26WhatwasthemainreasonforaemoneyDToprotectcropsC排序题解题思路此类试题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。考生可以先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案。Toconstructaworingstill,useasharaetheholeinadamacone圆锥体with45­degree­angledsidesThelowustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,theherin排序题34WhatisthelaststepofconstructingaworingsolarstillADigaholeofacertainsieBPutthecupinplaceCWeightthesheet'scentredownDCovertheholewiththeplasticsheet

C12017·全国ⅠAVisitemberyourvisitThestoreislocated位于uecanyoubuyasouvenirateDAttheDennyWayentranceFurtherpractice:7考点练透Furtherpractice:20真题回放22017·全国ⅠASince1962,munityeventsalloverWashingtonStateIt'sanamaingaccomentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussuindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganiations22．Whatdoes注意同义替换和同一范畴的词汇表达2017·全国ⅠBIworwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganiationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValleyTryingtohelplybeautiful24．Whatisunavoidableintheauthor'srescueworaccordingtoadeinvainBGettinginjuredinhisworCFeelinguncertainabouthisfutureDCreaturesforcedoutoftheirhomesFurtherpractice:7考点练透Furtherpractice:22真题演练注意派生词和合成词、短语invain徒劳、无效unavoidable不可避免的heartbreaing心碎的2017·全国ⅠBIgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontownShehadfoundayoungowl猫头鹰onthegroundWhenIarrived,Isawa2­to3­wee­oldowlIthadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety25．WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontownATorescueawomanBTotaecareofawomanCTolooatababyowlDTocureayoungowl注意同义替换和同一范畴的词汇表达2-to3-wee-old=babysawseeloo2017·全国ⅠBThehomeownerwasveryhelfortableIeddown26．WhatmadethechiccalmdownAAnewnestBSomefoodCArecordingDItsparents注意上下文和指代词21WhenisthetalonJamesBrindleyAFebruary6th BMarch6thCNovember7th DDecember5th1November7thTheCanalesBrindleyisrecogniedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineersHewasalsoamajoradesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”真题演练5年高考3年模拟p137orp1422February6thAnUoudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreoesandSevernCanalwilltaealittlelongerWewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay△WhatisthetoetroesIslandsDAnUpdateontheCotswordCan