2022-2023学年北京大华山中学高一英语期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年北京大华山中学高一英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.I_____inthestreetwhensomeone_____me.A.walk;called

B.walking;callingC.waswalking;called

D.walked;called参考答案：C2.Theboat______tofightagainsteveryweathercondition．A．wasbuilt

B．builds

C．built

D．willbuild参考答案：A3.Hejoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Inotherwords,hehas_____thearmyfortwoyears.A.beenin

B.joined

C.joinedin

D.in参考答案：A4.Thequestionnairetakes____tentofifteenminutestocompleteandcanbeusedalongwiththeassessmentinterview.A.mainly B.punctually

C.approximately D.precisely参考答案：C5.Youcan’ttakephotographsinhereunlessyouget_______fromtheadministrator.A.award

B.shelter

C.permission

D.schedule参考答案：C6.He’llneverforgetthedays______hestayedwithhisgrandmotherinthevillage.A.where B.that C.which D.when

参考答案：D7.It’sbasedontheidea______allpeoplearecreatedequal,______isacceptedbymostpeople.A.that;that B.which;which

C.which;when D.that;which参考答案：D8.Itwasnotuntildark______hefoundthatitwasthecorrectwaytosolvetheproblem.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.when参考答案：A9.Wemustkeeponlearningifwewanttokeepupwiththe______ofthechangingtimes.A.schedule

B.journey

C.transport

D.pace参考答案：D略10.Thechairmanwasgoingtowearanewtie________silkfortheclosingceremonyofthemeeting.A．madeinto B．madefromC．madeof

D．madeupof参考答案：C考查动词短语辨析和分词短语作定语。(be)madeof/from由……制成，前者能看出原材料，后者看不出原材料或不明显；bemadeupof由……组成；(be)madeinto制成……11.--Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?

--Iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilm____quiteearly,sowe____tothebookstoreafterthat.

A.finished;aregoing

B.finished;go

C.finishes；aregoing

D.finishes;go参考答案：C12.Thechildrenwerenotinterestedinthebookbecausetheauthor__toomanyscientifictermsinit. A.contained B.employed C.raised D.inspected参考答案：B13.Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,_______they

havetheinterest.

A.wherever

B.whenever

C.evenif

D.asif参考答案：D略14.—Whydidyoupromotehimtoapositionofleadership?—________hisqualificationsandideas.A.Onbehalfof B.Regardlessof

C.Onthebasisof D.Inrelationto

参考答案：C试题分析：考查固定短语。句意:——你为什么提升他到领导地位？——以他的资历和想法（他因该被提升）。onthebasisof以……为基础；onbehalfof代表；regardlessof不管，不顾；inrelationto与……有关。故选C【名师点睛】单选题答题技巧之

推理法根据前后文，进行逻辑推理，在四个选项都可填入的情况下，要认真阅读全句，仔细体会其语境，根据前后文，进行判断。比如这一题，句意：——你为什么提升他到领导地位？——以他的资历和想法（他因该被提升）。onthebasisof以……为基础；onbehalfof代表；regardlessof不管，不顾；inrelationto与……有关。故选C15.Thehusbandlikestraveling_____,whilehiswifeenjoys______.A.bytrain,takingataxi

B.ontrain,bytaxiC.bytrain,bytaxi

D.ontrain,takingataxi参考答案：A16.Ourchemistryteacherannouncedthathewoulddotheexperimentinadifferentway_______wemightfindinteresting.A.which

B.inwhich

C.where

D.whom参考答案：A二、完型填空17.“Stayhungry,stayfoolish”isamaxim(准则)thatcomesfromSteveJobs.Hegavehisbest___16___speechonStanfordCommencementin2005.Attheendofthespeech,hesaiditto___17___thegraduates.Indifferentcontext,thereare___18___waystointerpretit.Inmyview,SteveJobsis___19___toinspireallpeopletopursuetheirdream,neverstopandgiveup.Specially,ifyouhaveambition,keephungrytomakeit___20___.SteveJobsisafamousentrepreneur(企业家)andindustrial___21___,healwayskeep

passionand___22___onhisproductdevelopment.___23___,Appleproductsarepopular___24___

theworldwideconsumers.AlthoughSteveJobsclaimedthathedidn'tgetafull-timeand___25___qualityeducation,butIthinkhehashisprincipleaboutinventionandcompetition.Frommyperspective,themaximisthereflectionofhismotivationandmethod.“Stayhungry,stayfoolish”isameaningful___26___forgraduatesatStanfordUniversity.Tobecomea

successfulinventorand

change

theworld,

youngstudentsmustkeep

hungry

and

___27___fortheirfuture.Inordertokeepthirstforknowledge,theyneedtofieldsandexpandthemarket.___28___explorenewTherealityisthatmostoftheyounggraduatesare___29___withastableanddecent(得体的)

job,sotheystayatthecomfortablezoneuntiltheylost___30___.Asa___31___entrepreneur,Steve

Jobsexpectsyoungpeopletokeephumbleandprogressiveattitudetoworkfortheunknownworld,toleadthetrendsofthenewtechnologyandmakechangesfortheworld.Technologycreatesa

convenientworld,“stayhungry,stayfoolish”isan

inspirationalmaximforyoung

graduatesto___32___moreadvancedproductsandbuildamoreconvenientworld.SteveJobs’sdictumis“Stayhungry,stayfoolish”,which___33___tothedifferentcountriesintheworld.Asapowerfulinfluencer,hegives___34___

encouragementtoyounggraduates,atthesametime,itinspireslotsofordinarypeopleto___35___theirdream.16.A.exciting

B.famous

C.known

D.moving17.A.all

B.some

C.certain

D.one18.A.several

B.kinds

C.various

D.types19.A.meant

B.asked

C.required

D.allowed20.A.comeout

B.cometrue

C.realize

D.recognize21.A.farmer

B.worker

C.designer

D.writer22.A.concentration

B.strength

C.force

D.power23.A.However

B.Otherwise

C.Therefore

D.Besides24.A.in

B.among

C.to

D.at25.A.high

B.low

C.cheap

D.expensive26.A.light

B.lamp

C.reminder

D.former27.A.fix

B.struggle

C.worry

D.dream28.A.constantly

B.seldom

C.little

D.no29.A.unhappy

B.bored

C.unsatisfactory

D.satisfied30.A.faith

B.competitiveness

C.heart

D.courage31.A.respectable

B.strong

C.shy

D.brave32.A.think

B.produce

C.invent

D.figure33.A.spreads

B.affects

C.effects

D.influences34.A.negative

B.positive

C.critical

D.correct35.A.make

B.finish

C.get

D.achieve参考答案：16.C

17.A

18.C

19.A

20.B

21.C

22.A

23.C

24.B

25.A

26.C

27.B

28.A

29.D

30.B

31.A

32.C

33.A

34.B

35.D本文是一篇议论文，乔布斯在斯坦福大学发表的演讲中提出了著名的格言“Stayhungry,stayfoolish”，它鼓励着年轻人探索未知世界，鼓励他们实现人生梦想。【16题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.famous著名的；C.known为人所知的；D.moving令人感动的；形容词定语bestknown最著名的；2005年乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼上做了一个非常著名的演讲。故C项正确。【17题详解】考查形容词及上下文串联。A.all所有的；B.some某些人；C.certain某些；D.one一个…；根据第4空后“inspireallpeopletopursuetheirdream”可知在这次演讲的最后，他对所有的毕业生说了这句话“Stayhungry,stayfoolish”。发表演讲时通常是对所有人给出的建议。故A项正确。【18题详解】考查形容词辨析及上下文串联。A.several几个的；B.kinds种类的；C.various各种各样的；D.types种类的；在不同的上下文中，这句话有不同的翻译方法。C项与different一致，故C项正确。【19题详解】考查动词辨析及固定短语。A.meant意味着，旨在于；B.asked要求，请求；C.required要求；D.allowed允许；短语bemeanttodosth旨在于做某事；乔布斯旨在于鼓励所有人追求他们的梦想。故A项正确。【20题详解】考查词义辨析。A.comeout出版，发行；B.cometrue成为现实，实现；C.realize意识到，实现；D.recognize认出；应该使用realize的过去分词做宾语补足语，cometrue没有被动语态。句意：如果你有雄心，保持饥饿感让你的梦想成真。故B正确。【21题详解】考查名词辨析及常识。A.farmer农民；B.worker工人；C.designer设计者；D.writer作家；乔布斯是一名企业家也是一个工业设计师。乔布斯不是工人、农民和作家，这是常识。故C项正确。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。A.concentration专注；B.strength力气，优势；C.force武力，暴力；D.power权力，电力。乔布斯总是很有激情对于产品的开发保持专注。A项通常与介词on连用。故A项正确。【23题详解】考查连词辨析。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否则，要不然；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides而且；乔布斯总是很有激情对于产品的开发保持专注，因此苹果产品很受全世界人民的欢迎。上下文之间是因果关系，故C项正确。【24题详解】考查形容词短语。乔布斯总是很有激情对于产品的开发保持专注，因此苹果产品很受全世界人民的欢迎。形容词短语bepopularamong意为“受…的欢迎”，该短语在句中充当谓语，所以要填among。故B项正确。【25题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.high高的；B.low低的；C.cheap便宜的；D.expensive昂贵的；尽管乔布斯声称他没有得到全日制的高等教育，但我认为他有发明和竞争的信念。故A项正确。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。A.light光线；lamp台灯；reminder提示；former前者；对于斯坦福大学的毕业生来说，“Stayhungry,stayfoolish”是一个很有意义的提示。故C项正确。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。A.fix维修，固定；B.struggle努力，奋斗；C.worry担忧；D.dream梦想；要想成为一个成功的发明者去改变世界，年轻的学生要保持饥渴，要为未来努力奋斗。故B项正确。【28题详解】考查副词辨析。A.constantly不断地；B.seldom很少；C.little几乎没有；D.no没有；为了保持对知识的渴望，他们需要不断地探索新的领域开拓新的市场。根据句意可知A项正确。【29题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.unhappy不开心的；B.bored乏味的；C.unsatisfactory不令人满意的；D.satisfied满意的；实际情况是很多年轻人都满足于一份稳定得体的工作，他们会待在舒适区里直到失去了竞争力。句中使用形容词短语besatisfiedwith，故D项正确。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。A.faith信念；B.competitiveness竞争力；竞争；C.heart心脏；D.courage勇气；实际情况是很多年轻人都满足于一份稳定得体的工作，他们会待在舒适区里直到失去了竞争力。故B项正确。【31题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.respectable值得尊敬的；B.strong强壮的；C.shy害羞的；D.brave勇敢的；作为一个值得尊敬的企业家，乔布斯希望年轻人对未知世界有谦逊的积极进取的态度。故A项正确。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。A.think思考；B.produce生成；C.invent发明；D.figure搞清楚；对于年轻的毕业生来说“stayhungry,stayfoolish”是一种激励的格言，鼓励他们发明出更先进的商品建设更加便利的世界。故C项正确。【33题详解】考查词义辨析。A.spreads传播；B.affects影响；C.effects影响（名词）；D.influences影响（名词）；乔布斯的这句格言已经传播到了世界上不同的国家。根据句意可知A项正确。【34题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.negative消极的，负面的；B.positive积极的；C.critical批评的；挑剔的；D.correct正确的；作为一个有很大影响力的人，乔布斯给很多毕业生带来了积极的鼓励，同时也鼓励很多普通人实现他们的梦想。乔布斯对别人的鼓励是积极向上的，故B项正确。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。A.make生产；B.finish完成；C.get得到；D.achieve实现；作为一个有很大影响力的人，乔布斯给很多毕业生带来了积极的鼓励，同时也鼓励很多普通人实现他们的梦想。乔布斯对别人的鼓励是积极向上的，故D项正确。三、阅读理解18.Imagine,oneday,gettingoutofbedinBeijingandreachingyourofficeinShanghaiinonlyseveralhours,andthen,afterafulldayofwork,goingbackhometoBeijingandhavingdinnerthere.Soundsunusual,doesn’tit?Butit’snotsounrealistic,withthedevelopmentofChina’shigh-speedrailwaysystem.Andthat’snotall.Chinahasanevengreaterhigh-speedrailwayplan—toconnectthecountrywithSoutheastAsia,andeventuallyEasternEurope.Chinaisnegotiating(谈判)toexpanditsownhigh-speedrailwaynetworktoupto17countriesin10to15years,eventuallyreachingLondonandSingapore.Chinahassuggestedthreesuchprojects.ThefirstwouldpossiblyconnectKunmingwithSingaporeviaVietnamandMalaysia.AnothercouldstartinUrumqiandgothroughKazakhstanandUzbekistan,andpossiblytoGermany.ThethirdwouldstartinthenortheastandgonorththroughRussiaandthenintoWesternEurope.IfChina’splanforthehigh-speedrailwaygoesforward,peoplecouldarriveinBeijingfromLondoninundertwodays.ThenewsystemwouldstillfollowChina’shigh-speedrailwaystandard(标准).Andthetrainswouldbeabletogo346kilometersanhour,almostasfastassomeairplanes.China’sbullettrain(高速列车),theoneconnectingWuhantoGuangzhou,alreadyhastheworld’sfastestaveragespeed.Itcovers1,069kilometersinaboutthreehours.Ofcourse,therearesometechnologydifficultiestosolve,suchassafety,railgauge(轨距),repairsofrailwaytracks.So,it’simportanttopayattentiontoeverydetail(细节).Butthegreatestproblemisreallymoney.Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofyuanonitsowncountry’srailwaysystem.Chinaprefersthattheothercountriespayinnaturalresourcesinsteadofmoney.ResourcesfromthosecountriescouldhelpChina’sdevelopment.It’llbeawin-winproject.Forothercountries,therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness,tourismandthebettercommunicationamongthosecountriesaswell.ForChina,suchaprojectwouldnotonlyconnectitwiththerestofAsiaandbringsomemuch-neededresources,butwouldalsohelpdevelopChina’sfarwest.Wepredictthatinthefuture,millionsofpeoplewillliveinthewesternregions,wherethelandisemptyandresourcesunused.Withhigh-speedtrains,peoplewillsetupfactoriesandbusinesscentersinthewest.Andthey’lldobusinesswithCentralAsianandEasternEuropeancountries.67.China’snewhigh-speedrailwayplanwillbeawin-winprojectbecause_______.

A.Chinawillgetmuch-neededresourcesanddevelopitswesternregions

B.theprojectwilldogoodtoChinaandthecountriesinvolvedinmanyways

C.Chinawilldevelopitsrailwaysystemandcommunicationwithothercountries

D.theforeigncountriesinvolvedwilldeveloptheirrailwaytransportation,businessandtourism68.Thegreatestproblemtothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis_______.A.technologyproblem

B.safetyofthesystem

C.financialproblems

D.repairsofrailwaytracks69.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsChina’shigh-speedrailwayplan?

A.Notconcerned.

B.Negative.

C.Disbelief.

D.Positive.70.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.NewRailwayStandards.

B.BigRailwayDreams.C.High-speedBulletTrains.

D.InternationalRailwayNetwork.

参考答案：67—70:BCDB略19.（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从下框的A---F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Airportservices

B.Airtransportprices

C.Transportbyplane

D.Development

E.FastgrowthintheUSairlines

F.Beginningtime61．____