2023学年完整公开课版Guessingunknownwords视导

上下文构词法猜测词意2009英语高考专题讲座阅读理解之猜测词意欧阳遇实验中学刘君玮词义理解题常见的题型有:Theauthorusestheword“…”tomean____.Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“…”means_____.Accordingtothepassage,theword“…”properlymeans_____.Theword“…”inparagraph…refersto____.By“…”,theauthormeans_____.whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“…”?Whatis“…”?Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"...".GuessingUnknownWords/Vocabulary（猜词）1.Definitionandexplanation利用定义和解释猜测词义；

●标点符号()----:Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle---thatis,itwillbreakeasily.

Tornadoes(violentanddestructivewhirlwind)normallyoccuronhot,humid(alittlewet)day,butnotnecessarilyinthesummer.●定语从句或同位语

Modernmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,amedicaltoolusedforlisteningtothemovementsofaperson’slungsandhisheartbeats.Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.听诊器变戏法的人；魔术师●信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedasAmosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthrusttheskinandthendrinkblood.Territorycanbedefinedasanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claimsasitsown.蚊子动物的地盘Ex.1◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.◎Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.◎Weareonthenightshift---frommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.木匠

动物学家

牧人夜班2.ComparisonandContrast根据上下文中的比较、对照关系猜测词义信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranotherthing,insteadof等ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.

脏的

节俭的Ex.2◎Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.◎Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnate.◎

Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthe

suburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.

混乱

郊区天生的不同意

浑浊的3.CauseandResult通过原因与结果关系猜词

信号词:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thusRubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.

有弹力的

◎SinceIcouldnotaffordtopurchasetheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.◎He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.

◎

Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.复制品精明的

修剪

全神贯注的Ex.34.Descriptionandexamples通过描述和例子猜词信号词:such,suchas,like,forexample/instance,especially,include,consistofCarsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.

Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.

装置，设备

家禽5.RestatementandrelatedInformation利用重述和上下文语境猜词信号词:or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway,i.e.Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwater,theirfields.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.

灌溉

工作，职业6.SynonymandAntonym通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词信号词:or,like,as…as,thesameasThenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplump

asmother,andmuchshorter.

代替

丰满的7.Experience根据生活常识和经验推测生词的词义Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetic

tomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled.

缩小

扩大

涟漪

麻醉剂Ex.◎Oneofsymptomscausedbythepeculiarillnessisahighfever.◎Becausethischemicalliquidishighlyvolatile,wemustkeepitinabottlewhichhasatightlid.◎Inthestrongwind,thebeggarshiveredwiththeterriblecold.

症状易挥发的颤抖8.Wordformation即根据合成、派生、转化构词知识判断生词的词义

Weliveinatechnologicalsocietywheremostgoodsaremass-producedbyunskilledlabor.becauseofthis,mostpeoplethatcraft(手艺)nolongerexists.◎Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononco-educationalorsingle-sexschools?◎

Iwasaskedtominutetherace.“minute”转化成动词，意为“为……计时”◎大批量生产男女同校Excises小试身手Albert’ssuccessaftermucheffortandpracticeprovesthevalueofpersistence.A.timeB.competitionC.perseverance2.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becausehewasusingthewrongkey.A.成功的B.徒劳的C.有效的D.匆促的3.ThoughMr.Smithhasbeenmanagerforjust3months,hehasalreadymademuchgreaterachievementsthanhispredecessors.A.上级B.前任C.同事D.下级祝功成你!4.Twelve-year-oldSallywasanactivegirl.Buthersisterwasquitesedate.A.prettyB.calmC.protectiveD.energetic5.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever祝功成你!6.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest7.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassod