江苏专版2023-2024学年新教材高中英语Unit3Festivalsandcustoms素养培优练一牛津译林版必修第二册

素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解AProudlyreadingmywords,Iglancedaroundtheroom,onlytofindmyclassmatesbearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes.Confused,Iglancedtowardmystone-facedteacher.Havingnochoice,IslowlyraisedthereportIhadslaved（苦干）over,hopingtohidemyself.“Whatcouldbecausingeveryonetoactthisway?”Quickly,IflashedbacktothedayMissLancelotgavemethetask.ThiswasthefirstrealtaskIreceivedinmynewschool.Itseemedsimple:goontheInternetandfindinformationaboutamannamedGeorgeWashington.Sincemyideaofhistorycamefromanancientteacherinmyhomecountry,Ihadneverheardofthatnamebefore.AsIsearchedthenameofthisfellow,itbecameevidentthatthereweretwopeoplebearingthesamenamewholookedcompletelydifferent!Oneinventedhundredsofusesforpeanuts,whiletheotherledsomesortofarmyacrossAmerica.Istaredatthescreen,wonderingwhichonemyteachermeant.Icalledmygrandfatherforagoldenpieceofadvice—flip（掷）acoin.Heads—thecommander,andtails—thepeanutsguy.Ah!Tails,myreportwouldbeaboutthegreatmanwhoinventedpeanutbutter,GeorgeWashingtonCarver.Weekslater,standingbeforethisunfriendlymass,Iwastotallylost.Ohwell,Iloweredthepaperandsatdownatmydesk,burningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.Asaclassmatebeganhisreport,itallbecameclear,“MyreportisonGeorgeWashington,themanwhostartedtheAmericanRevolution.”Thewholeworldbecamequiet!HowcouldIknowthatshemeantthatGeorgeWashington?Obviously,mygradewasawful.Heartbrokenbutfearless,Idecidedtoturnthisaround.ItalkedtoMissLancelot,butsheinsisted:Nore-dos;nonewgrade.Ifeltthatthepunishmentwasnotjustified,andIbelievedIdeservedasecondchance.Asaresult,Ithrewmyselfheartilyintomyworkfortherestoftheschoolyear.Tenmonthslater,thatchanceunfoldedasIfoundmyselfsittingintheheadmaster'sofficewithmygrandfather,nowhavinganentirelydifferentconversation.Ismiledandflashedbacktotheembarrassingmomentatthebeginningoftheyearastheheadmasterinformedmeofmyoptiontoskipthesixthgrade.Justiceissweet!1.Whatdidtheauthor'sclassmatesthinkabouthisreport?A.Challenging. B.Ridiculous. C.Boring. D.Puzzling.2.Whywastheauthorconfusedaboutthetask?A.HewasunfamiliarwithAmericanhistory.B.Hefollowedtheadviceandflippedacoin.C.Heforgothisteacher'sinstruction.D.Hewasnewattheschool.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“burning”inPara-graph3probablymean?A.Annoyed. B.Ashamed. C.Ready. D.Eager.4.Intheend,theauthorturnedthingsaround.A.byredoinghistask B.throughhisowneffortsC.withthehelpofhisgrandfather D.undertheguidanceofhisheadmasterBWhetheritis“arguinguntilblueintheface”or“feelinggreenwithenvy”,theEnglishlanguageisfullofidiomslinkingcolortoemotion.Nowforthefirsttime,scientistshaveshownthatpeopleactuallydochangecolorsdependingontheirfeelings.Althoughitisasmallchangetoskintonearoundthenose,eyebrows,cheeksorchin.Theeffectsarepickedupsubconsciously（潜意识地）byobservers,makingitveryhardtohideemotions.Thescientistsbelievethechangesofcolorarecausedbybloodflowchanneledfromthecentralnervoussystemdependingonourstateofmind.“Weidentifiedpatternsoffacialcoloringthatareuniquetoeveryemotionwestudied,”saidDoctorAlexMartinez,acognitive（认知的）scientistandprofessoratTheOhioStateUniversity.“Webelievethesecolorpatternsareduetosmallchangesinbloodfloworbloodcomposition（构成）broughtaboutbythecentralnervoussystem.Weusethemtocorrectlyidentifyhowotherpeoplearefeelingwhetherwedoitconsciouslyornot.”Forthestudy,theresearchersfirsttookhundredsofpicturesoffacialexpressionsandseparatedtheimagesintodifferentcolorchannelsthatcorrespond（符合）tohowhumaneyesseecolor—eitherinared/greenchannelorblue/yellow.Theythenrantheimagesthroughcomputeranalysisandfoundthatemotions,suchas“happy”“sad”“anger”or“dislike”,allformeduniquecolorpatterns.“Dislike”,forexample,createsablue-yellowcastaroundthelips,butwithared-greencastaroundthenoseandforehead.Happinessisseeninredatthecheeksandalittlebluearoundthechin,butthesamefacewithaslightlyredderforeheadandslightlylessbluechinregistersas“surprised.”Totestwhethercolorsalonecouldconveyemotions—withoutsmiles,frowns（皱眉）togoalongwiththem—theresearchersthenputtogetherthedifferentemotionalcolorpatternsonpicturesoffaceswithneutralexpressions.Theyfoundthatvolunteerswereabletospotanemotionupto75percentofthetime.Theeffectremainedregardlessofgender,racesoroverallskintone.5.Thephrase“arguinguntilblueintheface”isusedinParagraph1to.A.explainaphenomenon B.introducethetopicC.supportanargument D.makecomparisons6.WhatdirectlycausespatternsoffacialcoloringaccordingtoDoctorAlexMartinez?A.Delicatechangesinblood. B.Everyseparateemotion.C.Thecentralnervoussystem. D.Theconsciousself-identification.7.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Colorsalonecouldnotconveyemotions.B.Eachemotionproducesauniquecolorpattern.C.Observershavedifficultyidentifyingpeople'semotions.D.Theemotion“dislike”justshowsablue-yellowcastaroundthelips.8.Whereisthetextmostlyprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahealthreport. B.Abookreview.C.Aneducationalspeech. D.Aresearcharticle.Ⅱ.七选五BenefitsofEarlyRising“Earlytobedandearlytorise，makesapersonhealthy,wealthyandwise.”ThesewordsofBenjaminFranklinhavebeenbackedbyscience.Ithasbeenprovedthatmorningpeoplearepersistentandactive.Itleadstobetterperformance,greatersuccess,andhigherstandardsofliving.Risingupearlyalsorelievesstressandtensionbecauseitgivesyouthetimetosqueezeinaworkoutbeforeyougetdistracted.1Recentresearchhasfoundthatlatesleepersgenerallyconsumeapproximately248morecaloriesthanthosewhoriseearly.Theytendtoonlyeathalfasmuchfruitandvegetablesandtwiceasmuchfastfoodasthoseearlyrisers.2Youshouldrestricttheusageofsmartphonesimmediatelybeforegoingtobed,whichwillhelpyoubecomeanearlyriser.Researchershavealsosaidthatearlymorningisthebesttimetostudyandgainknowledge.3Ifyougetintotheroutineofrisingearlyandretiringtobedearly，youaremorelikelytohaveabettersleepingpattern.4Youwillfeelmoreenergeticthroughouttheday,andaccomplishyourgoalsinafasterandmoreproductivemanner.Mostbusinessmenareearlyrisersastheybelieveitisthekeytoasuccessful,happyandcontentlife.Gettingupearlyhasmanybenefitsforbothyourbodyandyourmind.5Therefore,ifyoudon'tgetintotheroutineofwakingupbeforetherestoftheworld,youwon'tbeabletochangetheworld.A.Bettersleepequalsmoreenergy,plainandsimple.B.Thishabitisveryusefultoamaninvariousways.C.Thisiswhymorningpeoplearehealthierandhappier.D.Itwillhelpyouinstayingaheadintheclassandkeepyourgradesup.E.Thehardestpartisconvincingyourselftodoit,andthenmakingitaroutine.F.Therefore,oneneedstomaintainaproperscheduleandhastogotobedontime.G.Ifyouwishtoenjoythecharmsofthemorning,youmustgetupearlyinthemorning.Ⅲ.完形填空Ouroldestdaughter,Christy,toldusshewasrunningaway.Indisbelief,mywife,Cathy,andIstaredateachother,atalossforwords.Whenshestarted1hersuitcase,weknewshewasserious.Heractionleftus2—afterall,Christywasonlysix.Wedidn'tknowwhethertolaughorcry.Ourdaughter3shewasmovingtoJulia'shouseacrossthestreet.MywifegaveJulia'smothera4,tellingherwhatwashappening.Then,withmixedfeelings,wewatchedChristycrossthestreet.Julia'smotherwaitedoutsidethedoorto5her.Afewhourslater,Julia'smom6ChristyitwasMondaynightandthatourfamilyalwaysdrovetotheGoldenSpoonforfrozenyogurt.Itwasatradition7bymythreegirls—includingourlittleChristy.Toour8,shecalledandaskedifshecouldgo.Ajoyous9.Theyogurtrunwaspartofourfamilyidentity（特征）.Eventheneighborsknewour10visittotheGoldenSpoon.Ourthreedaughtersarenowgrown-up,butwe11visittheGoldenSpoonasalways.Itsyogurtisstilldelicious.Ourfamily12arekeptstrongbyoneofthosesimpleactivities.Atsomepoint,13willcometoeveryfamily.Butwhenyoubuildastrongfamilyidentity14,therewillbenodoubtthatyourfamilycan15whateverwindsandrainscomingyourway.Notsurprisingly,astrongfamilyidentitywillgiveyourkidssolidfoundationstocountonduringthosedifficulttimes.1.A.carrying B.removing C.packing D.employing2.A.careless B.restless C.speechless D.hopeless3.A.declared B.warned C.asked D.agreed4.A.bow B.reply C.tip D.bell5.A.hug B.treat C.teach D.greet6.A.persuaded B.reminded C.answered D.promised7.A.expected B.approved C.changed D.shared8.A.admiration B.regret C.satisfaction D.delight9.A.recovery B.success C.reunion D.communication10.A.daily B.monthly C.weekly D.yearly11.A.totally B.slowly C.hardly D.regularly12.A.origins B.traditions C.bonds D.honors13.A.sufferings B.storms C.failures D.barriers14.A.inreturn B.inparticular C.inreality D.inadvance15.A.survive B.ignore C.avoid D.explain素养培优练（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解1.B[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段前两句中同学们的表情（bearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes）及老师的表情（stone-faced）及下文作者出丑可知，同学们认为作者的文章非常荒唐可笑的。2.A[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者对这个任务感到困惑是因为作者不了解美国历史。3.D[解析]词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Iloweredthepaperandsatdownatmydesk”“findoutwhatIhaddonewrong”和“Asaclassmatebeganhisreport,itallbecameclear”可知，作者完全蒙了，急切地想知道自己犯了什么错误。画线词的意思是“急切的”，和eager意思相近。4.B[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，最后作者通过自己的努力扭转了局面。【语篇导读】作者因不熟悉美国历史，功课做得也不到位，导致他在课堂上出丑了。后来，作者吸取教训，努力学习，并最终取得了好成绩。5.B[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段以及下文对研究过程和结果的介绍推知，第一段引用“arguinguntilblueintheface”是为了引出本文的话题。6.A[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段可知，血流或血液成分的微小变化直接影响面部颜色模式的改变。7.B[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段的“...allformeduniquecolorpatterns.”可知，每一种情绪都会产生一种独特的颜色模式。8.D[解析]推理判断题。通读全文并结合第一段可知，本文主要介绍研究发现每种情绪都会产生一种独特的颜色模式，这使得情绪难以隐藏。由此推知，本文最可能取自一篇研究论文。【语篇导读】文章主要介绍一项研究发现：不论性别、种族或肤色，每种情绪都会产生一种独特的颜色模式，这使得情绪难以隐藏。Ⅱ.七选五1.C[解析]根据上一句可知，这里表达的是早起是人健康快乐的