江苏省徐州市邳州市2023年考研《英语一》统考试题含解析

江苏省徐州市邳州市2023年考研《英语一》统考试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Youmaybesurprisedtosee“makingsurechildrenneversuffer”asamistake.Thefollowing____mayhelpyouunderstandhowrescuingchildrenfromallsuffering____weakness.Alittleboyfeltsorryforabutterflystrugglingtoemergefromitschrysalis(蛹).Hedecidedto____thebutterfly.Sohepeeled(剥开)thechrysalisopenforthebutterfly.Thelittleboywasso___towatchthebutterflyspreadits____andflyoffintothesky.Thenhewashorrified____hewatchedthebutterflyfalltothegroundanddiebecauseitdidnothavethemuscle___tokeepflying.Infact,thebutterfly’sstruggleto____thechrysalishelpsthebutterflybecomestronger.Likethelittleboy,____toooftenwanttoprotecttheirchildrenfromstruggleinthe____oflove.Theydon’trealizethattheirchildrenneedtostruggle,toexperience____,todealwithdisappointment,andtosolvetheirownproblems.Onlyinthiswaycanchildren____theiremotionalstrength,become____anddeveloptheskillsnecessaryfortheevenbiggerstrugglestheywillmeetthroughouttheirlives.Childrenexperiencingsufferingscan____theupsanddownsoflife.However,itisn’thelpfuleitherinthiscasewhenparents____blameandshametowhatthechildisexperiencing.Mothers____tosay,“Stopcryingandactinglikeaspoiledboy.Youcan’talwaysgetwhatyouwant.”These____wordsshouldbeavoided.Instead,parentscanofferlovingsupport.Youcansay,“Don’tlose____.Bebrave!Youwillsucceedifyoutryagain.”Thencomesthetoughpart—no____andnolectures.Simplyallowhimtodiscoverthathecan1hisdisappointmentandcarryoutwhathecandotogetwhathewantsinthefuture.1、A．saying B．proverb C．story D．experiment2、A．appears B．creates C．burns D．works3、A．kill B．feed C．rescue D．help4、A．excited B．moved C．puzzled D．depressed5、A．body B．feet C．wings D．feather6、A．since B．as C．before D．until7、A．power B．energy C．force D．strength8、A．comeupwith B．breakawayfrom C．getalongwith D．doawaywith9、A．teachers B．relatives C．parents D．friends10、A．name B．charge C．case D．course11、A．hardships B．friendships C．relationships D．scholarships12、A．require B．lose C．strengthen D．fail13、A．warm-hearted B．strong-willed C．absent-minded D．cold-blooded14、A．survive B．predict C．expect D．avoid15、A．reduce B．adapt C．devote D．add16、A．pretend B．happen C．seem D．tend17、A．interesting B．inspiring C．discouraging D．touching18、A．sight B．face C．heart D．weight19、A．parking B．rescuing C．drinking D．smoking20、A．turnover B．getover C．comeover D．takeoverSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1IleftEnglandforSydneyinSeptember.Itwasacareermoveformyhusband,andour20-year-olddaughterwasfeelingadventurousanddecidedtocome,too.However,justbeforeleavingEngland,my79-year-oldmothersufferedastroke(中风).Beingstrongandindependent,shecontinuedtoliveathomewiththehelpofsocialservices.Butshecouldn’tlookafterthegarden.Ithoughthowwonderfulitwouldbeiftherewasanorganizationofferingvolunteerhelp.FriendsaskedmewhatIplannedtodoinAustralia,andItoldthemIwouldbelookingforavolunteerpositionwithagardeningcharitableorganization.ImaginemysurprisewhenIfoundjusttheorganizationIhadbeenlookingfor—EasyCareGardening(ECG)!ThereareseveralreasonswhyIvolunteerforECG.Firstly,asanewcomertoAustraliaImeetmanypeoplewho,likeme,volunteersomeoftheirtime.Wecoveralargeagerange,butalllovegardensandhelpingothers.Secondly,throughworkingwithECGIhavebeenluckyenoughtoexploreSydney’sNorthShorethatImightnothavehadtheopportunitytovisitotherwise.Finally,thereareallthosewonderfulpeoplewecall“clients(客户)”,buttheyaremorelikefriendswhenwevisitthemoftenandtendtheirgardens.WhatgreatpeopleIhavemet,andthestoriestheyhavetotell—thefamilyhistories,wheretheycomefromandthereasonsforimmigratingtoAustralia.Ifinditaprivilegetohaveaccesstoprivategardenswhich,inmanycases,havebeenthejoyoftheirownersformanyyears.Eachoneisindividualandreflectsthecharacter,needsandthehistoryofeachfamily.Indeed,thegardensreflectthemulticulturalandhistoricalbackgroundofSydney.1、WhydidtheauthormovetoSydney?A．Sheplannedtovolunteerthere. B．Herhusbandwouldworkthere.C．Shewasverykeenonadventures. D．Shehadtolookafterhersickmother.2、Whatmadetheauthorchoosetobeagardeningvolunteer?A．Herownexperience. B．Thetipsfromherfriends.C．ThepopularityofECG. D．Hergardeningskills.3、WhatdothevolunteersatECGhaveincommon?A．Theymakefriendswiththeirclients.B．TheyliketoexploreSydney’sNorthShore.C．Theyareofsimilaragesandbackgrounds.D．Theyarekind-heartedwiththesameinterest.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“one”inParagraph4referto?A．Client. B．Reason.C．Garden. D．Volunteer.Text2There’sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleInTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoo–––that’swhyitmadeNov16th“InternationalDayforTolerance”.Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?AccordingtoFrenchphilosopherVoltaire,toleranceistheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror;letuspardoneachother’sfool–––thatisthefirstlawofnature.”Veryoften,peopledon’trealizethatthey’reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN’scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon’tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.It’sworththinkingalittleaboutthewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”.Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe’respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant”ofsomeoneisn’tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere’ssomethingwrongwiththem.Still,whatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthisweaknessissomethingthatweallshare.That’sthereasonweshouldbetolerant.It’salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.1、What’sthepurposeoftheUN“InternationalDayForTolerance”?A．Toarousepeople’sawarenessoftoleranceamongpeople.B．TocelebratethefoundingoftheUN.C．Tosolvetheproblemofglobalwarming.D．Tochangepeopledopiniontowardsglobalization.2、Whydomenbehaveintolerantlytowardswomen?A．Becausemendon’trealizethepurposeoftheUN.B．Becausemenarephysicallystrongerthanwomen.C．Becausemendon’tappreciatetheshoesofwomen.D．Becausemenarenotwillingtounderstandwomen.3、Whyisitmeaninglesstousethewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”?A．BecausetheyarehardtopronounceinEnglish.B．Becausetheydon’texpresstheexactmeaningpeoplereferto.C．Becausetheycan’tbetranslatedintootherlanguages.D．Becausetheycan’tbeusedinarespectfulway.4、Inwhatsenseis“tolerance”similarto“generosity”?A．Humansareadvisedtotreatothersbetter.B．Humansleanttofindfaultsinothers.C．Humansneedtogivesomethingtoothers.D．Humanswillchangetheirattitudestoothers.Text3InAmerica,parentstendtoencouragetheirchildrentodeveloptheirpotential(潜能)tothefullestextent.Fathersandmothersfrequentlyteachtheirchildrenbothambitionandtheconfidencenecessarytoworktowardtheirgoals.Americanparentsarealwaysactiveinconcentratingonwhattheirkidscando,notwhattheycan’t.Asaresult,millionsofAmericanboysandgirlsgrowuphopingtobecomeactorsandathletes,diplomatsanddoctors.Manyofthemevenwanttobecomepresident.Americanparentsoftenencouragetheirchildrentobecomeinvolvedinextraactivitiesofalltypesatschool,suchasstudentgovernment,sportsandmusic.Theybelievethatonlythroughtakingpartintheseactivitiescantheirchildrenbecomematureyoungadults.Asweallknow,schoolworkisimportant.Butparentsshouldrealizethatthesocialskillstheirchildrenlearnfromnaturalconversationswitheachotherareasimportantasschoolworkandtheskillstheywillneedinthefuturework.What’smoreimportantintheirworkisthattheirchildrenshouldhaveasoundknowledgeofphysicsortheabilitytocommunicateeffectively.Asarule,Chineseparentsdon’teducatetheirchildrenaboutthesamekindofambitionandconfidenceasAmericansdo,nordotheyencouragethesamelevelofparticipationinextraactivities.Childrenaretypicallyadvisedtostudyhardandpassexams.Theyhavetospendalotoftimeindoingmuchschoolworkeveryday.Itisagreatwasteoftimetodoso.NowmoreandmoreChineseparentshaverecognizedthattheyshouldpayattentiontodevelopingthepotentialoftheirchildren.IhopethatleadersinChineseeducationalcirclesshouldtakesomemeasurestodevelopthepotentialoftheirchildren.Iamveryconfidentaboutit.1、Fromthepassage,weknowtheAmericanparentspaymuchmoreattentionto.A．thesocialskillsthanChineseparentsB．theirchildren’sstudyinghardandwellC．whattheirchildrenwantbuttheycan’tD．extraactivitiesthanschoolwork2、Accordingtothepassage,Chineseparents.A．knowmorethanAmericanparentstoeducatetheirchildrenB．owningambitionandconfidenceisnecessaryandimportantC．paymuchmoreattentiontotheirchildren’sfinefutureD．don’tencouragetheirchildrentoparticipateinextraactivities3、Fromthepassage,wecaninfer.A．AmericanchildrenarebraveandadventurousB．AmericanchildrenaremoreactiveintheirstudiesC．ChinesechildrenhavetheabilitytocommunicateeffectivelyD．somethingshouldbedonetodevelopthepotentialofthechildreninChina4、What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsChineseeducationreform?A．Neutral. B．Indifferent.C．Positive. D．Negative.Text4InthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since2000,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsincomepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehigh-payingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation.Othershavemanagedtoreshapetheirmanufacturing(制造业)foraneweconomy.Higher-payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices.“ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible,”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartcompanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh’seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandincomegrowthtothearea.Manufacturersofhigh-techmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowingincomepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslower-skilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What’smore,high-payingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soit’dbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.1、InwhataspectdoesPittsburghsetagoodexample?A．Transformingnewenergy. B．Creatingmorewell-paidjobs.C．Prohibitingthemanufacturing. D．Sponsoringhighereducation.2、Howdosomeacademicinstitutionshelpwiththelocaleconomy?A．Byhelpingtoattractmoretalentsfromotherareas.B．Byprovidingmuchtechnicalsupporttolocalcompanies.C．Bysuccessfullykeepingeducatedyouthsworkinglocally.D．Byassistinginemployingalargenumberofeducatedyouths.3、WhyisPatrickAdlermentionedinthelastparagraph?A．Toshowthedisadvantageofadecliningpopulation.B．Togiveasuggestionaboutincreasingpopulation.C．Toraisedoubtsaboutgrowingincomepercapita.D．Totellareasonwhylower-skilledworkersflee.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HowFastJobGrowthIsRelatedtoPopulationGrowthB．HowLess-crowdedCitiesPlanTheirHigh-techEconomyC．WhySomeCitiesareLosingPeoplebutGettingWealthierD．WhySomeCitiesareSufferingFromaShrinkingPopulationPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhenIwasyoungIhatedlanguagesMydadspokeseveralandwasambitiousformeItwasnotuntilmy1．(graduate)fromhighschool2．Iconsideredlearning3．secondlanguage—SpanishIwasworkinginaschoolfordisabledchildreninaclassofsixOnlytwochildrencouldspeak,butIrealized4．(gradual)thateverychildcouldcommunicateSomeofthemusedphysicalsignsandmovements5．(express)themselvesOthersusedtheirvoices—theymadenoiseswhichchangeddepending6．howtheyfeltTheyeven“talked”toeachother,7．(have)argumentsandfriendlychatslikeanyoneelseEverychildinthatroomhadlikesanddislikes,desiresandfears8．theycommunicatedeveryday,withoutsayingasinglesentenceAstimewenton,IlearnednotonlySpanishbutthelanguageofeveryoneofthechildrenIcaredforIhadbeenmakingexcusesfornottryingalltheseyearsandhere9．(be)agroupofdisabledchildrenshowingmehowimportantcommunicationreallyisItmademewanttochallenge10．(I)andreallylearnSpanishInmanycountries,1．isnotunusualforfamiliesofdifferentbackgroundstolivetogetherinthesharedspace2．,intheUnitedStates,thisideamaystillbeconsideredoddButthistypeofhousing,3．(call)co-housing,isgaining4．(popular)intheUnitedStates,tooCo-housingcomplexesarepoppingupacrossthecountryFormanypeople,thiswayoflifeis5．relieftothebusymodernlifestyleThereisoftena“commonhouse”withakitchenanddiningroom,meetingroom,andmaybeaworkshopoflibraryormusicroominaco-housingcommunityAbout25co-housingcommunities6．(build)inrecentyears,and150moreareplannedAco-housingcomplexisaplace7．residentsshop,cook,andeattogetherResidentsofaco-housingcomplexlikeitssenseofsharedcommunityChildrenhaveotherkidstoplaywith,whichmanyfamilieslikeThefeelingoflivingina“village”is8．otherresidentslikeResidentsalsosaythattheycanliveinco-housingfor9．moneythantheywouldpay10．nearbyapartmentsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根据短文内容，从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。A．Classroomparticipation

B．DifferencesinAmericanuniversityeducation

C．Examinationsystem

D．Competitionamongstudents

E.Honestpolicyinstudents’schoolwork

F.Students’responsibilityforlearning

1、ThereisconsiderablevarietyinuniversityclassroomsintheUnitedStates.Becauseofdiverseteachingmethodsandnon-standardizedcurricula(课程),notwocoursesarethesame.Undergraduatecoursesareconsiderabledifferentfromgraduatecourses.Theclassroomatmosphereinexpensive,privateuniversitiesmaydifferfromthatincommunitycolleges，whicharefreeandopentoeveryone.2、Participationintheclassroomisnotonlyacceptedbutalsoexpectedofthestudentinmanycourses.Someprofessorsbasepartofthefinalgradeonthestudent’soralparticipation.Althoughthereareformallecturesduringwhichthestudenthasapassiverole(i.e.,listeningandtakingnotes),manycoursesareorganizedaroundclassroomdiscussions,studentquestions,andinformallectures.3、Manyteachersbelievethattheresponsibilityforlearninglieswiththestudent.(Coursesarenotdesignedmerelyforstudentstopassexams.)Theidealstudentisconsideredtobeonewhoismotivatedtolearnforthesakeoflearning,nottheoneinterestedonlyingettinghighgrades.4、Ideally,theteacher-studentrelationshipatuniversitiesischaracterizedbytrust.Thus,cheatingontests,Plagiarizing(抄袭)inwrittenwork,presentingother’sideasasoriginal,andturninginhomeworkcompletedbysomeoneelseareallprohibited(禁止).5、Relationshipsbetweenstudentsintheclassroomcanbecooperativeorcompetitive.Internationalstudentsshouldnothesitatetoaskforhelpifitisneeded.inclasseswheresuchagradingcurveisused,studentsmaybereluctanttosharelecturenotesorinformationforfearthattheirowngradeswillsuff