2023年云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州红河县考研《英语一》最后冲刺试题含解析

2023年云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州红河县考研《英语一》最后冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AWonderfulChristmasGiftAnnandhermotherhadlivedinasmallcottageaslongasAnncould．Christmaswassoclose．AnnwishedshecouldgetanewwithlaceasawonderfulChristmasgift．ButAnndidnotwanttoaskherMomforanewdress．Sheknewhowhardhermomworkedtobothendsmeet．Maybeshecouldmakea—maybeSantaClauswouldcome…ItwasnotjustgiftthatAnn．Itwashermother．Nowadaysshewasworkingovertimeandlookedandwornout．ThedayspassedandsoonitwasChristmasEve．Annwenttobedwithaheart．Sheknewthattherewouldbegiftsforher．Ring…．Ring…Annjumped，hearingalarm．Shesuddenlyrememberedit’sChristmasday．Withoutmuchhopeshelookedtherewereanygiftsforher．Wonderofwonders!Therelayabeautifulpacketwitharedribbon．Annopenedthepackage．Itwasaprettyfrockwithattractivelace．Thematerialwassoftandsilkythehardmaterialofthedressessheusuallywore．Shecheckedthegiftcarefullytowhogaveherthefrock．Suddenlyasmallpieceofpaperfellout．Annstartedtoreadthenote．“DearAnn，Thisfrockisgiftedtoyouforbeingagoodgirl．Hopeyoucontinuetodogoodthingsandhelpyourmother．Yours，SantaClaus”Annfeltthattherewassomethingaboutthisnote．Shethenotecarefully.Thenitstruckher．Sherealizedthisishermother's．Hermotherhadworkedovertimetomoneytobuythisexpensivesift．Annwashappybeyond．SheknewthatsheisthegirltohavesuchawonderfulmotherasawonderfulChristmasgift.1、A．remember B．imagine C．think D．speak2、A．packet B．hat C．doll D．dress3、A．earn B．make C．put D．get4、A．promise B．decision C．plan D．wish5、A．worried B．discouraged C．ashamed D．surprised6、A．happy B．energetic C．pale D．miserable7、A．1ight B．heavy C．tired D．cheering8、A．few B．some C．no D．any9、A．if B．though C．as D．because10、A．attachedB．tied C．packed D．carried11、A．patientlyB．calmly C．excitedly D．quietly12、A．1ike B．unlike C．dislike D．1ikely13、A．pointoutB．bringout C．handout D．findout14、A．carelesslyB．nervouslyC．eagerly D．disappointedly15、A．familiarB．similar C．strange D．unique16、A．1ookedinto B．madeuseof C．wrotedown D．tookaway17、A．dress B．handwriting C．note D．packet18、A．offer B．win C．spend D．save19、A．reachB．praise C．words D．power20、A．best B．poorest C．greatest D．luckiestSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Thesecrettolivinglongercouldbeassimpleaspickingupyourwalkingpace,accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofSydneyfoundthatwalkingatabrisk(快的)orfastpacewasassociatedwithariskreductionof24percentforanycauseofdeath.Thiseffectwasevenmoreobviousinolderagegroup,withfastwalkersovertheageof60reducingtheirriskofdeathbyasurprising53percent.ProfessorEmmanuelStamatakis,wholedthestudy,explained,“Afastpaceisgenerallyfivetosixkilometersperhour,butitreallydependsonawalker’sfitnesslevels;analternativesindicatoristowalkatapacethatmakesyouslightlyoutofbreathorsweaty.”Inthestudy,theresearcherslookedattheresultsof11surveysfrom134to2008,inwhichparticipantsrecordedtheirwalkingpace,aswellasage,sexandBMI.Theanalysisshowedthatwalkingatanaveragepacewasassociatedwitha20percentriskreductionforall-causemortality(死亡率)comparedwithwalkingataslowpace,whilewalkingatabriskorfastpacewasassociatedwithariskreductionof24percent.Theresearchershopethefindingswillencouragethedevelopmentofpublichealthmessageaboutthebenefitsofwalkingpace.ProfessorStamatakisadded,“Theseanalysessuggestthatincreasingwalkingpacemaybeastraightforwardwayforpeopletoimprovehearthealthandriskforprematuremortality---providingasimplemessageforpublichealthcampaignstopromote.“Especiallyinsituationswhenwalkingmoreisn’tpossibleduetotimepressuresoralesswalking-friendlyenvironment,walkingfastermaybeagoodoptiontogettheheartrateup---onethatmostpeoplecaneasilyaddtotheirlives.”1、Whobenefitmostfromwalkingfast?A．Cancersufferers. B．Theelderly.C．Thosewhohaveheartproblems. D．ThosewhohavehighBMI.2、WhatdecideshowfastapersoncanwalkaccordingtoProfessorStamatakis?A．His/Herfitnesslevels. B．His/Herages.C．His/Herwill. D．His/HerBMI.3、Whycanwalkingfastreducedeathrate?A．Mostpeoplelikedoingit. B．Itbenefitstheheart.C．Itreducescancermortality. D．Mostpeoplecandoiteasily.4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Walkingiseasyexerciseforpeopletodo.B．Walkinghasreceivedlittleattentionuntilnow.C．Moreandmorepeoplearewalkingfastforhealth.D．Afastwalkingpacecanbenefitpeople’shealth.Text2Astheworld’spopulationgrows,farmerswillneedtoproducemoreandmorefood.Andlargefarmsareincreasinglyusingprecisionfarmingtoincreaseyields(产量),reducewaste,andreducetheeconomicandsecurityrisksthatinevitablyaccompanyagriculturaluncertainty.Traditionalfarmingreliesonmanagingentirefields—makingdecisionsrelatedtoplanting,harvesting,irrigating,andapplyingpesticidesandfertilizer(农药和化肥)—basedonregionalconditionsandhistoricaldata.Precisionfarming,bycontrast,combinessensors,robots,GPS,mappingtoolsanddata-analyticssoftwaretocustomize（量身定制）thecarethatplantsreceivewithoutincreasinglabor.Robot-mountedsensorsandcamera-equippeddrones(无人机)wirelesslysendimagesanddataonindividualplantstoacomputer,whichlooksforsignsofhealthandstress.Farmersreceivethefeedbackinrealtimeandthendeliverwater,pesticideorfertilizerinadjusteddoses（剂量）toonlytheareasthatneedit.Thetechnologycanalsohelpfarmersdecidewhentoplantandharvestcrops.Asaresult,precisionfarmingcanimprovetimemanagement,reducewaterandchemicaluse,andproducehealthiercropsandhigheryields—allofwhichbenefitfarmers’bottomlinesandconserveresourceswhilereducingchemicalrunoff.Manysmallbusinessesaredevelopingnewsoftware,sensors,andothertoolsforprecisionfarming,asarelargecompaniessuchasMonsanto,JohnDeere,Bayer,DowandDuPont.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,NASAandtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationallsupportprecisionfarming,andmanycollegesnowoffercourseworkonthetopic.Inarelateddevelopment,seedproducersareapplyingtechnologytoimproveplantcharacteristics.Byfollowingindividualplantsovertimeandanalyzingwhichonesflourishindifferentconditions,companiescanrelatetheplants’responsetotheirenvironmentswiththeirgenomics(基因组学).Thatinformation,inturn,allowsthecompaniestoproduceseedvarietiesthatwillgrowwellinspecificsoilandweatherconditions.Thisadvancedtechnologymayalsohelptoimprovecropnutrition.Farmersdonotuniversallywelcomeprecisionagricultureforvariousreasons,suchashighequipmentcostsandlackofaccesstotheInternet.Thetechnologymaybringgreatchallengestoexperiencedfarmerswhoarenotgoodatcomputers.Andlargesystemswillalsobebeyondthereachofmanysmallfarmingoperationsindevelopingnations.Butlessexpensive,simplersystemscouldpotentiallybeapplied.Forothers,though,costsavingsinthelongrunmayreducethefinancialconcerns.Andhoweverreticentsomefarmersmaybetoadoptnewtechnology,thenextgenerationoffarmersarelikelytowarmtotheapproach.1、Precisionfarmingdiffersfromtraditionalfarmingpartlybecauseit________.A．guaranteeshighyieldswithmorelaborB．reliesonregionalconditionsandhistoricaldataC．offersplentyofwater,pesticidesandfertilizerD．providesrealtimeinformationabouttargetcrops2、Aboutprecisionfarming,wecanlearnthat________.A．thegovernmentholdsacautiousattitudeB．itdrawspositiveresponsesfrombusinessesC．seedproducershavealreadymadehugeprofitsD．largesystemswillsoonbebuiltindevelopingnations3、Theunderlinedword“reticent”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A．disappointedB．confusedC．unwillingD．shocked4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．PrecisionFarmingIncreasesCropYieldsB．MoreChallengesFacedbyModernFarmersC．DevelopmentofFarmingSystemsintheU.S.D．TraditionalFarmingisGraduallyDisappearingText3There’snodoubtthatwaterisvitaltoanylife.About3percentoftheaverageadulthumanbodyismadeofwater.Thisincludesmostofyourbrain,heart,lungs,musclesandskin,andevenabout30percentofyourbones.Yetthere’slittlescientificagreementabouttheexactamountofthestuffanindividualshouldconsumeeachday.Sohowmuchwaterdoyouactuallyneedtodrinktobehealthy?Youmayhaveheardthatyoushoulddrinkeight8-ounceglassesofwateraday.Yet,thedownsideofthisrule,researcherssay,isthatdrinkingwaterbytheglassisnottheonlywaythathumanstakeinit.The“8X8”ruleessentiallyoverlookstwobigsourcesofdailywaterconsumption.Onesuchsourceisfood.Everythingyoueatcontainssomewater.Watermelons,forexample,aremorethan90percentwaterbyweight.Differentdietsnaturallycontaindifferentamountsofwaters,andthecounts.Theotherkeywatersourcesareotherbeverages.Non-alcoholicdrinkssuchascoffee,andtea,containmostlywaterandallcontributetoyourhydration（水量）.So,betweenallthefood,waterandotherfluidsyouconsumeinaday,howmuchwatershouldyouaimtotakein?TheNationalAcademicsofSciencessuggeststhatwomanconsumeatotalofapproximately2.7liters(91ounces)ofwarmfromallbeveragesandfoodseachdayandmen3.7liters(125ounces).Butthesearejustgeneralguidelines.Thetruthis,thereisnomagicstandardforhydration—everyone’sneedvarydependingontheirage,weight,levelofphysicalactivity,generalhealthandeventheclimatetheylivein.Themorewateryoulose,themorewateryou’llneedtoreplacewithfoodanddrink.Ifyouarelookingforconcreteadvice,though,thebestplacetolookiswithin.Drinkupwhenyou’rethirsty.1、HowdoestheauthorsupporttheunderlinedsentenceinPara1?A．Byprovidingfacts.B．Byaskingaquestion.C．Bymakingacomparison.D．Byputtingforwardsuggestions.2、Accordingtothe“8X8”rule,howmuchwatershouldwetakeinaday?A．8ouncesB．64ouncesC．91ouncesD．125ounces3、What’sthedisadvantageofthe“8X8”rule?A．Thewaterfrombothfoodandotherbeveragesisignored.B．Itincludestheamountofwaterfrombothfoodandbeverages.C．Itdoesnottakewaterfromdrinksintoaccount.D．Itoverlooksthefactthatwetakein90%ofthewaterfromfruits.4、Whatcanweinferfromthefinalsuggestion?A．Amandoingtiringphysicalworkdrunkslessthan3.7litersaweek.B．Apersoningoodhealthdrinkswheneverhefeelsthirsty.C．Anoverweightmaleinahotsummerdrinks125ounceseverytwodays.D．Afemaleeatingalotofwatermelonsdrinksmorethan91ouncesdaily.Text4FiftyyearsagoIhadayoungfamilyofthreeboys.MyhusbandJohnnyandIleftthemwithafriendwhilewemadeararetriptothecinemainLiverpool.Itwasdarkandpouringwithrainbutwiththeheadlightsshiningontheroad,wesawsomethingaheadofus.JohnnypulledtoastopandIjumpedout,rantothegrassedgeandgrabbedasmall,wet,andfrightenedcreature.Iwrappeditsafelyinmywoollenhatandinsistedthatmyhusbandturnbackandheadforhome.Wethoughtitwasababyrabbitbecauseithadlongearsandwasgrayish-brownincolour.Oncehome,wefilledaboxwithtorn-upnewspaperandawarmtowel.WenamedournewanimalBobsyaswehadnoideaofitssex.Sadlythough,onthethirddaywithus,itcaughtitsbackfootinadoorandwequicklyrealiseditwasbroken.Werushedtothevet(兽医),whosaid,“It’sonlyarabbit,I’llputittosleep.”Ourresponsewasaverydetermined,“Noway!”Wefoundanthervetandtoldthatshewasababyhare.Weweretoldweshouldcontinuetokeepherinherboxforaweekandherfootwouldheal.Afterherrecovery,Bobsylearnttousethekittylittertray.Shewouldcombherlongearswithherfrontpaws.Thelocalpaperheardaboutthisandcametoourhousetotakeherphotoandwriteastoryabouther.WehadherforsevenwonderfulyearsbeforewemovedtoNewZealandandwewillneverforgether.1、WhydidJohnnystophiscarsuddenly?A．Hecameacrossafriend.B．Theheadlightswentout.C．Hiscarbrokedownontheroad.D．Henoticedsomethinginfrontofhim.2、Whathappenedtothelittleanimalonitsthirdday?A．Itsleptonadoor.B．Itwasstuckinadoor.C．Itsfootgotseriouslyinjured.D．Itfellofffromthetopofadoor.3、Whichbestdecribesthefamily’sattitudetowardstherabbit?A．Considerate. B．Cruel. C．Hopeless. D．Indifferent.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyintendedtodo?A．Totelltheimportanceofprotectingsmallanimals.B．Torememberunusualexperienceswithasmallrabbit.C．Topersuadepeopletogivegenerouslyandreceivethankfully.D．Tomaketherabbitwidelyknowntolocalpeoplebypaper.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AnoldJapanesemankeptasparrow1．whichhewasveryfondOnedayitflewawayHewentout,2．(look)allovertheplaceforhissparrowAtlast,hemethissparrow“Imissedyouverymuch,sparrow3．youfollowmehome?''4．thesparrowwashappytoseetheoldman,itshook5．(it)headThereweremanyotherbirdsTheyalllookedhealthy"Iamgladyouhavegoodcompanions,dearsparrow"saidtheoldmanWhenitwastimefortheoldmantoleave,thesparrowgavehimabasketasapresent"Well,"saidtheoldman'swife6．(anger)whenhereturned,"wherehaveyoubeenallday?""[havebeentothehomeofmylostsparrow”,repliedheWhenheopenedthebaskethewas7．(amaze)tofinditwasfullofgoldTheoldwomanwasverygreedyButsheusedtotreatitverybadlySheunashamedlyaskedforapresent“Alright”，repliedthesparrow,“Iofferyoutwo8．(choose)Onebasketislightandtheotherisheavy9．(pick)oneout，andyoucantakeithome”Thegreedyoldwomancriedout,"I'lltake10．heavyone"SotheoldwomancarriedtheheavybasketbreathlesslyallthewayButwhenshearrivedhomeandopenedthebasket,itwasfullofstonesManyofuswakeup1．(feel)tiredinthemorningManyofusignoretheproblemasthedaygoeson,forgettingthatitmighthaveadangerouseffectSocietyevenglorifies“burningthecandleatbothends”asasignofour2．(devote)toworkandfamilyBelieve3．ornot,allthisbadsleephasfar-reachingconsequencesWedonotgiveourselvesenoughchancestosleepAsurveyofover74,000peoplefoundthat35%reportedsleepinglessthansevenhoursdaily4．averageFurthermore,thequantityofsleepweallowourselves5．(change)greatlyoverthepast15yearsThislackofsleepcanleadtomanyserious6．(problem)Onestudyfoundthat7．(simple)limitingyourselftosixhoursofsleepanightfortwoweeksmadeperformanceonatimedattentiontaskaspoorasifyou8．(stay)upallthenightbeforeIfyouintendtotryextendingyoursleepperiod,considergivingyourselfachance9．(sleep)longerforafullweekYourbodyclockmightbeprogrammedinaway10．keepsyoufromfallingasleepquickly,butitmightletyousleeplongerSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Thekeytolosingweightistounderstandwhatreallymotivatesyou.Haveyoueverbeenexcitedaboutlosingafewpounds?1、Andtohelpyoukeepyourweightundercontrol,youneedsomestrategies.Askquestions.Whenyou’reresearchingdifferentdietingproductsandplansoreventalkingtoadoctoraboutdiets,askasmanyquestionsasyoucan.2、Askquestionslike:DoIhavetopurchasespecialmealsorsupplements?Doestheprogramincludeaparttohelpmemaintainmyweightloss?Getreal.3、Don’tburdenyourselfwithunrealisticexpectations.Remember,largeamountsofweightlossarenotrealisticandaremostlikelynotsafeorhealthy.Talkwithyourhealthcareprofessionaltodetermineahealthyweightgoal.4、Tomaintainyourweight,youmustbalanceyourintakeofcalorieswiththeenergyyouburn.Just30minutesoffastwalkinginmostdayscantakeabout10poundsoffyourweighteachyear.Weighyourselfweekly.It’simportanttotra