江苏省南京市金中2023-2024高一上学期期中英语试卷及答案

南京市金陵中学2023-2024高一第一学期期中考试第二部分阅读理解第一节（共19小题，每小题2.5分，满分47.5分）AFamily-FriendlyEventsinJanuaryZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19 ThePhoenixZoo'syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormoreopportunitiestoenjoythecity'szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothefestivities. GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,phoenixzoo.org,$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18 TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,includingthosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,art,photographyandgifts. OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa,dtmesafest.com,freeadmission.FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4 OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrombouncehousestorides,games,snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupbylocalsellers,withfoodandotherofferingsforsaleattheevent. 9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale,odyseainthedesert.com,free.YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7 MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskillsandknowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,includingpainting,drawing,mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall. MesaArtCenter,1E.MainSt,Mesa,mesaartscenter.com,$93.21.Howcanyougetadiscounted(打折的)tickettotheZooLightsshow?A.Bringafriend B.Getamembership C.Joinatourgroup D.Bookaticketonline.22.WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest? A.Havingfreefood B.Takeartclasses C.Enjoyrealsnow D.Meetlocalartists23.Whicheventlaststhelongest? A.YouthFineArtsCourses B.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts C.ZooLights:GlowWild D.FamilyFunWinterfestBIwasinanewstateatanewschoolandneededsomethingsolidtostandon:aplacetofeelgrounded.Ialsoneededtodolaundry,soIwalkedtoanearbyself-servicelaundryandstuffedamachinewithmyclothes.AsIstruggledtoclosethewasherdoor,thewomanworkingbehindthecountertoldmetogiveitagoodhitwithmyhand.Thewasherdiditsjob,yetevenafteranhour,thedryerseemedtohavebarelywarmedmyclothes.Ileft,havingdecidedtoair-drythemonmycarintheAugustheat.Amonthlater,IlearnedhernamewasSandy,whichshetoldmeafterI'dhelpedherstopawashingmachinefrommovingacrossthefloor.Iwasgradingpoemsatatablewhenoneofthewashersbrokelooseandskippedaninchintotheair.Ijumpedtothemachineandheldonwhilesheunpluggedit.Thenextweek,SandytoldmedryerNo.8wasthefastest.Itwentonlikethis.I'ddolaundryonceaweek,usuallyThursdayorFriday.SandyworkedTuesdaythroughSaturdayandwe'dtalksmallwhileIfoldedclothes.Shetoldmeabouthersonandhisgrades,thenewdogthey’djustadopted.ShewasfascinatedthatIwasstudyingpoetry.Sheteased（开玩笑)thatitwashardermakingalivingasapoetthanasalaundryattendant.EventhenIknewshewasprobablyright.Ibegantorecognizeothersthere:workerstakingbreaksbythedoor,amotherandherbaby,andevensomedeliverydrivers.ButSandywasthecenterofmycommunity.Fornearlythreeyearsandalmosteveryweek,I'ddolaundryandtalkwithher.Wecheckedoneachotherandexpectedtheothertobethere.Weaskedwheretheotherhadgonewhenwemissedaweek.Therewasanoteofconcernfortheother'sabsence,anoteofjoyattheirreturn.I'dfoundaplacetostandonsolidground.24.Whydidtheauthorleavewithhiswetclothes?A.HelikedtheAugustheatbetter. B.Hehadtogobacktotheclass.C.Hewantedtoshowoffhisnewcar. D.Hedidn'tthinkthedryerworkedwell.25.WhydidSandytelltheauthortousedryerNo.8?A.Shewaswarm-hearted. B.Sheneededavolunteer.C.Shewantedtothankhim. D.Shewassorryforthemess.26.WhatdidSandythinkofacareerinpoetry?A.Itwashardertofulfill. B.Itwasreallyfascinating.C.Itwasbadly-paidwork. D.Itneededalotofeffort.27.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthepassage?A.HeformedaclosefriendshipwithSandy. B.Hemadealotoffriendsincollege.C.HeexpectedSandytodolaundryforhim. D.HeoftenwrotetoSandyaftergraduation.C Climatechangeandincreasesindroughtandrainstormsposeseriouschallengestoourwatermanagement.Aninternationalgroupofscientistshavebroughttogetheralargebodyofresearchonwaterqualityinriversworldwide.Thestudyshowsthatriverwaterqualitytendstoworsenduringextremeweatherevents.Astheseeventsbecomemoreoftenandsevereduetoclimatechange,ecosystemhealthandhumanaccesstosafewatermaybeincreasinglyunderthreat.TheresearchledbyDr.MichellevanVlietofUtrechtUniversityanalyzed965casesofriverwaterqualitychangesduringextremeweathersuchasdrought,heatwaves,rainstorms,andflooding.Theanalysisshowsthatinmostcaseswaterqualitytendstobecomeworseduringdroughtsandheatwaves(68%),rainstormsandfloods(51%),andunderlong-termchangesinclimate(56%).Duringdroughts,lesswaterisavailabletodilutecontaminants（稀释污染物),whilerainstormsandfloodsgenerallyresultinmorecontaminantsthatrunofffromlandtoriversandstreams.Improvementsormixedresponsesinwaterqualityarealsoreportedforsomecases,forexamplewhenincreasedtransportofpollutantsisoffset(抵消）bymoredilutionduringfloodevents.Waterqualitychangesarestronglydrivenbychangesinwatertemperature.Landuseandotherhumanfactorssuchaswastewatertreatmentalsoshapehowthisplaysout."Understandingthecomplexinterplaybetweenclimate,landuse,andhumandrivers,whichtogetherinfluencethesourcesandtransportofpollutantsiscrucial,"saysvanVliet.Theresearchalsocallsformoredatacollectionandstudiesofwaterqualityinnon-Westerncountries."WeneedbettermonitoringofwaterqualityinAfricaandAsia.MostwaterqualitystudiesnowfocusonriversandstreamsinNorthAmericaandEurope."Theresultsofthestudyunderlinetheurgentneedforabetterunderstandingofwaterqualitychangesduringextremeweatherevents.Itsoundsanalarmtous.Onlythenwillwebeabletodevelopeffectivewatermanagementstrategiesthatcansafeguardouraccesstocleanwaterandensureecosystemhealthunderclimatechangeandincreasingweatherextremes.28.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.Humanbeingsshouldbeblamedforclimatechange. B.Worsenedwaterqualityisthreateningtheclimate.C.Waterqualityinriversworldwideisunderrisk.D.Watermanagementhasbeenimprovedrecently.29.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thethreatscausedbyextremeweather. B.Thefactorsinfluencingwatersafety.C.ThefindingsofvanVliet'sresearch. D.ThedesignofvanVliet'sexperiment.30.Accordingtoparagraph3,whichwillvanVlietprobablyagreewith?A.Waterqualityinnon-Westerncountriesismoreterrible.B.Humanactivitieshaveabiginfluenceonwaterquality.C.RelateddatacollectionandstudiesofEuropeisadequate.D.Waterqualitychangesaredominatedbywatertemperature.31.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardvanVliet'sresearch?A.Unclear. B.Contradictory. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.DDanonePortugalintroducedanewyogurtnamedJuntos.Foreverypackofyogurtthatapersonbought,hewoulddonateyogurttoafamilyinneed.Danonehaddoneitsresearch.Increasingly,peoplesaytheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatgivethemasenseofpurpose.Surelyayogurtthathelpedtheneedywouldbeappealing.ButJuntoswasafailure.Despitesinkingmillionsintoamarketingcampaign,DanonepulledJuntosfromthemarketonlymonthsafteritwaslaunched.Nowthesameproductissimplymarketedasatastyyogurt.Whathappened?TofindthereasonbehindJuntosfailure,LawrenceWilliamsandhiscolleaguesdidanexperimentwheretheyshowedpeoplesomeproductsandaskedthesepeopletopickoneoption.Theyremindedsometofocusonthe"purposefulandvaluable"aspectwhileothersweretoldto"enjoythemselves"andfocuson"delightandpleasure."Theyfoundthatparticipantswhoprioritizedmeaningpreferredthelessexpensiveproductwhencomparedwithpeoplewhoputpleasureinthefirstplace.Sowhyweremeaning-seekerscheapingout?LawrenceWilliamsaskedparticipantstoexplaintheirdecision-makingtofindout.Helearnedthatmeaning-orientedpeoplewerenotthinkingabouthowtheproducttheymightbuycouldbringmeaningtotheirlives.Instead,theywereoccupiedwithwhatelsetheycoulddowiththeirmoney.Iamallforpeoplemakingwiseandstrategicfinancialchoices.Butcheapproductscancreatemanyproblems.Inexpensiveoptionsoftendonotlastaslongasthehigher-endones.Asaresult,weshopmoreoften,whichisultimatelyworseforourwallets.Plus,thatspendingpatterncandoagreaterdamagetotheenvironment.Thanksinparttofastfashion,peoplebuy60percentmoreclothingtodaythantheydid15yearsago.Thefashionindustryaloneemitsmoregreenhousegasesthaninternationalflightsandmaritime(海洋的）shippingcombined.Sobeforeyoudiveintoyourwalletforsomedeals,trynottofixonlyonwhatyouarespendingorsaving.Thinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouarebuying,too.32.WhatisthemainreasonforthefailureofJuntos? A.Itignoredmarketingstrategies. B.Itpriceditselfrelativelyhigh. C.Itlackedaparticularlygoodtaste. D.Itfocusedondelightandpleasure.33.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmeaningseekers? A.Theyfrequenthigh-endstores. B.Theythinkproductsextendtheirlives. C.Theyhesitatetomakedecisions. D.Theymakemorepurchaseswithmoney.34.HowisParagraph4mainlydeveloped? A.Bygivingsomeexamples. B.Bylistingnumbersanddata. C.Byexplainingreasons. D.Bymakingsomecomparisons.35.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext? A.Innovation:aProduct'sLife B.ToBuyornottoBuy C.MeaningseekersorQuality-pursuers D.FastFashion:aHittoYourWalletETherearemanyonlineandin-personcoursespromisingtoteacha“nativeaccent”.Butisitreallynecessarytosoundexactlylikeanativespeaker?Someexpertssayitisnot.EusebiaV.MontleadstheAccentModification(修正)ProgramattheUniversityofMaryland’sDepartmentofHearing&SpeechSciences.Monttalkedaboutittoreporters.Studentscometotheprogramforoneortwoschoolterms.Theymeetinagroupfor90minutesaweek.Eachstudentmeetswithoneotherstudentanda“doctor”formoreindividualwork.Altogethertheprogramamountstoabout60hoursoflearninginclass.Montsaystherateofprogressabsolutelydependsonthetypeofaccentitis,howlongthey’vebeenspeakingEnglishandhowoftentheyspeakEnglish.Montsays,“Iviewaccentasthespreadofculture;thespreadofaperson’sindividualidentity—andIdon’tworktoremoveanypartofculturefromanindividual.”StudentswillmostprobablyworkinEnglish-speakingenvironmentswhentheyleaveschool.Theprogramteachesthemtoolsforthis.Forexample,theylearnhowtogivean“elevatorpitch”—ashortdescriptionofanidea—andhowtodiscusstheirresearch.Theyalsopracticeinterviewingandgivingpresentationsatwork.Montsaysthatthereareafewmethodsformodifyingaccent,butmosthavethesamebasis.OnemethodiscalledtheComptonMethod.ArthurJ.ComptondevelopedthemethodforEnglishlearnerswhoknowEnglishvocabularyandgrammarfairlywell.Itbeginswithatesttofindouthowthestudent’snativelanguageaffectsdifferentareasofpronunciation.Thenlearnersusepracticematerialstorecordtheirownvoiceandcomparetheirpronunciationattemptstorecordingsofanativespeaker.AnothermethodistheTomatisMethod,whichusesspecialheadphonesandincludeslisteningtoelectronicallymodifiedvoicesandasksstudentstofindthedifferencebetweentheirpronunciationandthevoicestheyhear.Thismethodisalsousedtocurechildrenwhohavementalconditionsthatcancausedifficultyinlanguagelearning.Mont’sfinaladvicetoEnglishlearnersisnottoexpecttosoundexactlylikeanativespeaker.Andremember:evennativeEnglishspeakersdonotallspeakalike!36.Accordingtothepassage,theAccentModificationProgram______. A.ismeanttohelpstudentsgetridoftheiraccent B.dividesstudentsintodifferentclassesbasedontheirabilities C.offersstudentsatotalof90minutes’studyoveroneortwoschoolterms D.instructsstudentshowtocommunicateinEnglish-speakingenvironments37.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“elevatorpitch”meaninparagraph4? A.Discussingone’sresearchinbrief. B.Givingpresentationsinasmallspace. C.Gettinganideaacrosstoothersefficiently. D.Practicinginterviewingskillsinanelevator.38.BothoftheComptonMethodandtheTomatisMethod________. A.requirestudentstotakeatestfirst B.employthemethodofcomparison C.servestudentswhohavemasteredEnglishwell D.requirestudentstorecordtheirvoiceswithequipment39.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage? A.WaystoSoundlikeaNativeSpeaker B.TheSituationoftheAccentModificationProgram C.KeepYourIdentityWhileChangingYourAccent D.TheDevelopmentoftheAccentModificationIndustry第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Criticismisharmfultohealthyrelationships.___40___First,workonchangingyourownbehavior.Then,findeffectivewaystocommunicateifsomeonebothersyou.ChangingYourBehavior•Thinkbeforeyouspeak.___41___Sometimes,it'sbesttoletsmallindiscretions(轻率的行为）go.Trytakingafewdeepbreathsandleavingtheroominsteadofcriticizing.•Separatetheindividualfromtheiractions.Ifyouworkonseparatingthepersonfromtheaction,youmaynaturallywanttocriticizeless.Asyourealizeyoucannotjudgeaperson'scharacterbasedonasinglechoiceordecision,youwillbeunabletocallsomeoneoutforbeingrudeordisrespectful.•Focusonpositives.Oftentimes,beingcriticalresultsfromhowyou'rechoosingtoseeasituation.Everyonehasshortcomings.However,thevastmajorityofpeoplehavegoodqualitiesthatoutweighbadones.___42___CommunicatingMoreEffectively•___43___Somepeoplehaveissuesthatmayneedaddressing.However,feedbackisverydifferentfromcriticism.Whenaddressinganissue,focusonsuggestionsyoucanmaketohelpanotherpersonimprove,whichismoreeffectivethancriticizing.•Askforwhatyouwantdirectly.Inefficientcommunicationoftenresultsinheavycriticism.___44___Makesuretoaskforwhatyouwantinadirect,respectfulmanner.Thiswilleliminate（消除)theneedforcriticism.•Considertheotherparty'sperspective.Ifyoucriticizeotherstoooften,youmaybeshuttingouttheotherperson'spointofview.Trytostepinanotherperson'sshoesbeforecriticizingandyoumaygetsomenewandspecialideas.A.Givefeedbackratherthancriticism.B.However,therearewaystoavoidcriticism.C.Trytofocusonaperson'spositivequalitiesovertheirnegativeones.D.Ifyoufindyourselfmakingassumptionsaboutaperson'scharacter,stopyourself.E.Ifyou'renottellingsomeonewhatyouwant,thatpersoncannotbeexpectedtoknow.F.Criticismshould,ideally,beworkingtowardsaneffectivesolutiontoanegativesituation.G.Whenyouwanttodishoutcriticism,pauseandconsiderwhetheryoureallyneedtosayanything.第三部分语言知识运用第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）DadisaretiredNYPDPatrolOfficer.Inhisprecinct(管辖区)livedafamily,whichconsistedofa___45___singlemotherandherfoursons.Thethreeoldersonswereall___46___incrimeasacareer.Drugs,saleofstolenitems,etc.Theyoungestwhowasabout10yearsoldwasdestined(注定)forthesame.Manyofthepatrolofficersknewthemomandinturnsheknewthem,somebyfirst___47___,aswasthecasewithmyDad.Shewasalwaysvery___48___whenbeingquestionedabouthersons.Ononevisit,myDadstruckupa___49___.Duringtheirtalksheexpressedher___50___aboutheryoungestboy.Shefelt___51___inguidinghimtothestraightandnarrow.Theenvironmentwouldnot___52___it.MyDadagreed.Heofferedtheonlysolutionhecouldthinkof___53___.Heaskedherifshewouldallowher"baby"tospendthesummerinthesuburbsatourhouse.MyDadhadthreesonsandadaughter(me).Wediscussedtheplanand___54___thatitwouldbebeneficialforherboytoseeanothersideoffamilylifewhichhehadneverbeen___55___to.Wehadanewmembertoourfamilyforthesummer.He___56___thepoolinthebackyardandhemademanyfriends.Thewholeneighborhoodwelcomedhimandhelovedthe___57___.Attheendofsummerhereturnedtohismother.Afterhehadgottenintosomeminortroublewiththelaw,he___58___decidedtogotonightschoolforaccounting,andeventually___59___anofficejob.45.A.satisfying46.A.involved47.A.time48.A.attractive49.A.match50.A.interest51.A.powerless52.A.get53.A.onthespot54.A.decided55.A.expected56.A.appreciated57.A.gratitude58.A.delightedly59.A.interviewedB.strugglingB.occupiedB.appearanceB.competitiveB.conversationB.curiosityB.carelessB.adoptB.undertheweatherB.assumedB.acceptedB.wanderedB.performanceB.finallyB.landedC.appealingC.checkedC.moveC.positiveC.helpC.concernC.selflessC.allowC.onpurposeC.promisedC.chosenC.enjoyedC.attentionC.graduallyC.refusedD.disappointingD.askedD.nameD.cooperativeD.questionD.shockD.harmlessD.supportD.onlocationD.predicatedD.exposedD.coveredD.actionD.simplyD.advertised第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） Recently,some10thgradersfrommyschoolheldaseriesofHarryPotter-themedactivitiesthatbroughtmanystudents’dreamsofmagictolife,among___60___thecosplayshowwasthemostinteresting.HanXinrui,___61___HarryPotterfanwhocosplayedHermione,said,“The___62___(prepare)wascomplicatedbutinteresting.Weeditedclipsofthecharactersweplayedfromthe___63___(origin)moviesandprojectedthemonthebackgroundforourperformance.Afternumerousrehearsals,theactorsputontheirwizardrobesandwigs,___64___(step)ontothestageandwavedtheirhands,actinglike___65___(superstar).Apartfromthecosplayshows,