北京市2019-2021年三年中考英语试卷分类汇编：阅读表达（解析版）

北京市

2019-2021年三年中考英语试卷分类汇编

阅读表达

2021年北京市中考英语试题

四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Screen-FreeDays

IrememberthefirsttimeIsuggestedscreen-freedaysinourschooltosomeofourstudent

leaders.Jokingly,Isaidtothegroup,44Whatdoyouthinkifwegoaweekwithoutusingourlaptops

orsmartphones?”

Theylaughed,andoneofthemsaid,"Noway,Mr.White.Theywouldbetoomuch."Icould

feeltheirworry,andtoldthemthatIwasonlyconsideringsinglescreen-freedays.Eventhatidea

leftthemfeelingupset.

Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayon

screens.Manyofmystudentsstarttheirdaybycheckingtheirsmartphones.Ioftenseethem

lookingattheirphoneswhengettingoffthebusoratparents9drop-off,theycan'tusetheirown

“screens“atschool.Theyusuallyworkoncomputersatschoolfbratleasttwohoursduringtheday.

It'sclearthatourstudentsspendalotoftimeonscreens.Wedoseethebenefitsoftechnology.

However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocial

experiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That'swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-free

days.

Duringthecourseoftheyear,wehavebuiltinseveralscreen-freedaysthatrequireustomake

differentplansforourstudentsabouthowtheywillcommunicatewithoneanotherandtheworld

aroundthemwithout“screens”.Forsometeachers,thismeansbringingbackavaluablelesson

planthathasbeenputoffforsometimebecauseitis"outofdate".Othershavedesignedsomething

completelynew.

Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape（密室逃脱）games,areorganizedat

school.Intheseactivities,studentssocializewithoutsmartphonesandhaveface-to-face

communicationwithoutcheckingon“likes"they'vegotonline.Thesefunactivitiesalsomakeit

possibleforthewholegradetoenjoythecompanyoftheirfriendswithnosmartphones.

Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.

Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.

Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn'tplaysuchanimportantroleina

learner'slife.

34.Howmanyhoursdomoststudentsintheschoolspendonscreenseveryday?

35.Whyhavetheteacherscomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays?

36.Whatfunactivitiescanthestudentshaveatschool?

37.Howdidthestudentsfeelafterthefirstscreen-freeday?

38.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideaofscreen-freedays?Whydoyouthinkso?

【答案】34.Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.

35.Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiences

awayfromtheirscreens.

36.Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.

37.Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.

38.本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可参考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnot

onlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.

【解析】

【分析】本文向我们介绍学校的无屏幕日，起初学生认为这是不可能的，但是慢慢发现无屏

幕日带来更多的是好处。

【34题详解】

根据"Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayon

screens丁可知，根据调查，学校的大多数学生每天花大约6小时在屏幕上。故填They叩end

aboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.

【35题详解】

根据"However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningand

socialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That'swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaof

screen-freedays."可知，我们老师也希望确保学生在远离屏幕的情况下能够平衡学习和社交

体验，这就是提出“无屏幕日”理念的原因。故填Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudents

havebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.

【36题详解】

根据"Funactivities,fbrexample,cardgamesandroomescape（密室逃月兑）games,areorganizedat

school.”可知，学校组织了一些有趣的活动，比如纸牌游戏和密室逃生游戏。故填Theycan

havefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.

【37题详解】

根据"Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.”

可知，在第一个无屏幕日之后，学生们提到，他们很惊讶自己能喜欢它。故填Theywere

surprisedtheyenjoyedit.

【38题详解】

本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：IIhinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonly

goodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.

2020年北京市中考英语试题

四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

This12-year-oldGirlBuiltaRobottoFindPlasticsintheOcean

AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddownto

pickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.It

seemedimpossibletocleanthemallup.

Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist-first,bydoing

alittleresearch.That'showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceansevery

year.

Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem;aremote-operated

vehicle（遥控潜水器），orROV.HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheocean

floo匚

TheactuallycoolpartofDu'sROVisthedetection（探》则）system.Sheusesacameraalong

withthreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplastics.Shealsousesvisible（可见的）lighttofind

unnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.

“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,“

saysengineerCaseyMachado.€4Itsoundssimple,butit'salevelofthinkingthat'sreallyamazing.

Dustartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,

andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.Shesaysactuallygettingher

ROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptrying

andtesting.

Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shementionswantingtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate（气候）

change."Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewinventions,vsaysDu.

Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,for

supportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath（STEM）.Shesaysshehasbeen

abletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.

“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,

saysDu."ButI'mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”

34.WhatdidAnnaDunoticewhilewalkingalongthebeach?

35.HowoldwasDuwhenshedidalittleresearchtosolvetheproblem?

36.WhatcanDu'sROVdo?

37.WhydoesDuwanttobeanengineerinthefuture?

38.WhatmadeDusucceedinbuildingherROV?

【答案】34.Shenoticedplastics.

35.Attheageof12./Whenshewas12yearsold.

36.Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.

37.Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.

38.Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuild

it,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents*support.(另夕卜答出thecarefulobservation,the

awarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情给分)

【解析】

文章大意：本文主要讲AnnaDu十二岁时就制作了自己的遥控潜水器，她从小就对STEM

感兴趣，长大后想成为一名工程师，帮助解决世界问题。

【34题详解】

根据第1段中“AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere."可知Anna

Du在海滩散步的时候注意到了塑料。故答案为：Shenoticedplastics.

【35题详解】

根据第2段中“Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist-first,

bydoingalittleresearch.”可知Du做了一点调查来解决这个问题的时候，她12岁了。故答案

为：Attheageof12./Whenshewas12yearsold.

【36题详解】

根据第3段中“HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.”可知Du的

ROV能够在水中移动，找到海底的塑料。故答案为：IlcanmoveihroughwalerandGndplastics

ontheoceanfloor.

【37题详解】

根据最后一段中Du的话“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelp

solveworldproblems”可知她想要成为一名工程师是因为她喜欢制造东西来帮助解决世界问

题。故答案为：Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.

【38题详解】

根据第5段中“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengo

afterit”可知她在解决问题方面有良好工程悟性;根据第6段中“andsoshepickedupthe

engineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV”可知她学会了建造ROV所需的工程技术；根据

第6段中“Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.’'可知她不轻言

放弃；根据倒数第2段中“Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreach

activities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).“可知

Du的父母很支持她。这几点都是她成功制作ROV的重要因素。故答案为：Hergood

engineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,her

persistence（notgivingup）andherparents*support.（另夕卜答出thecarefulobservation,the

awarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情给分）

2019年北京市中考英语试题

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpected

IcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean（北冰洋）.Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemoving

islands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.Scientists

havediscoveredhugewaves（海浪）inthearcticwaters.

ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhis

studentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.

OnMay2,theshiptraveledeastandstoppednexttoalargechunkoficearound50milesfrom

thesmallislandofHopen.MarchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheIce.

HWewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmanycracks（裂缝）around,"he

remembers.

Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,he

thought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperienced

smallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousands

ofsmallerpieces.

Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theship's

navigation（航行）systemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.

Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupanddown,breakingtheice

intosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadneverimaginedthattheprocesscouldhappen

sofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.

Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhen

theyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunprepared

forhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsandwalrusesthat

dependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.

Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesintheseicywaters.Aswaves

breakupice,theseaswillbecomemoreopen,andthewaveswillgetevenstronger.Thereare

stormytimesahead.

34.WhendidMarchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoverhugewavesinthearcticwaters?

35.WhydidMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonthetrip?

36.WhatdidMarchenkodecidetodotokeepsafe?

37.Howhighwerethelargestwavesrecordedbythenavigationsystem?

38.WhatisParagraph7mainlyabout?

【答案】34.InMay.2010.

35.Becausetheywantedtostudytheicywaters.

36.Hemovedtheshipdeeperintotheice.

37.Morethan20feet.

38.ThedamageofthehugewaterstopeopleandwildlifeinArctic.

【解析】

【分析】

这篇短文讲述的是科学家们在北冰洋发现了海浪，海浪非常大，迫使巨大的冰块上下跳跃，

在很短的时间内将冰块破碎成更小的冰块，而随着冰块的减少，海浪就会变得更大，这使得

依赖冰块生存的北极熊、海象等野生动物处在危险之中。

【34题详解】

根据短文第二段开头ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.可知，这些巨大的海