湖南省永州市2021年中考英语试题真题(答案+解析)

湖南省永州市2021年中考英语真题试卷（音频暂未更新）

一、听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出

最佳答案。（共5分，每小题1分）

1.（2021・永州）WhatIsGracedoingnow?

2.（2021•永州）What'sthematerwiththewoman?

3.（2021•永州）WhatdoesAlicedoafterschool?

5.（2021•永州）HowdoesKategotoschool?

A.CXo

B.

’3

二、听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出

最佳答案。（共15分，每小题1分）

6.（2021•永州）听下面一段材料，回答下面两个小题。

（1）Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?

A.Abank.

B.Ahotel.

C.Asupermarket.

（2）Howfarisitfromheretothedestination（目的地）？

A.About4kilometers.

B.About4kilometers.

C.About6kilometers.

7.（2021•永州）听下面一段材料，回答下面两个小题。

（1）WhatkindofmusicdoesJanelooklike?

A.Pop.

B.Rock.

C.Country.

（2）Whenshalltheymeet?

A.At2:00p.m.

B.At2:30p.m.

C.At3:00p.m.

8.（2021•永州）听下面一段材料，回答下面两个小题。

(1)Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?

A.Shirts.

B.Coats.

C.Skirts.

(2)Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthegifts?

A.20dollars.

B.35dollars.

C.40dollars.

9.(2021•永州)听下面一段材料，回答下面三个小题。

(1)HowwastheweatheronSaturday?

A.Sunny.

B.Cloudy.

C.Rainy.

(2)WhatdidMarydoonSundayafternoon?

A.Shevisitedhergrandparents.

B.Sheplayedwithherbrother.

C.Shevolunteeredinanoldpeople'shome.

(3)WhatdidMikethinkwasthemostdelicious?

A.Salad

B.Cake.

C.Popcorn.

10.(2021•永州)听下面一段材料,回答下面三个小题。

(1)WhatsubjectsshouldLucystudyhard?

A.Mathandscience.

B.Medicineandchemistry.

C.Mathandchemistry.

(2)WhatdoesBobwanttobe?

A.Aninventor.

B.Adoctor.

C.Ateacher.

(3)WhatdoesBobthinkofmedicine?

A.Different.

B.Fun.

C.Easy.

11.(2021•永州)听下面一段材料，回答下面三个小题。

(1)Howdoesreadingmakeusfeel?

A.Happy.

B.Tired.

C.Bored

(2)Whymaygoodreadersbecomegoodwriters?

A.Becausetheycanreadabookanywhere.

B.Becausetheirschoolworkmaybecomebetter.

C.Becausetheymayhavemorethingstowriteabout.

(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Readingisagoodhobby.

B.ReadingisFun.

C.Howtoreadfaster.

三、阅读选择(共40分，每小题2分)

12.（2021•永州）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。

China'sunbelievablehigh-speedrailnetwork

Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slow,crowdedandoften

uncomfortabletrainsranacrossthisvastcountry,withlowaveragespeedsmakingjourneyssuchas

Shanghai-Beijingatestoftravel.

Today,it'sacompletelydifferentpicture.With37,900kilometersoflines,linkingallofitsmajorbigcities.

Chinahastheworld'slargestworkofhigh-speedrailways.Halfofthattotalhasbeencompletedinthelastfive

yearsalone,withafurther3,700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021.Thenetworkisexpected

todoubleinlengthagain,to70,000kilometers,by2035.

(1)HowwerethetrainsinChinaatthebeginningofthe21stcentury?

A.Fast.

B.Comfortable.

C.Crowded.

(2)Howmanykilometersoflinesareduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021?

A.3,700.

B.37,900.

C.70,000.

13.(2021•永州)阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。

PopularthingstodoontheInternet

Thisbargraphshowsthtpercentage

ofU.Skidswhosurfthewebs

76%

75%；69%

%41%IB

Goonlinetogetnewsorimformation75%

25%、19%1

Sendorreceivemessages25%

0■■IlBuythings:suchasbooks,clothings43%

3-45-910-1314-17

ageSendorreveivemessagesusingacellphone彳区%

(1)41.0%ofkidsagedusetheInternet.

A.5-9

B.10—13

C.14-17

(2)Whatpercentageofkidsgetsnewsorinformationonline?

A.89%.

B.76%.

C.38%.

(3)Whatdo43%ofkidsusuallydoontheInternet?

A.Playgames.

B.Buybooks.

C.Sendorreceiveinstantmessages.

14.(2021•永州)阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。

Canagreenmachinehelptheworld'spoorestkidslearnbetter?NicholasNegropontethinksso.Heandhis

teamofscientistshaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.Asaresult,manychildrenwholiveinpoverty(贫穷)

willhavetheirownlaptopcomputers!

Negroponteworksatauniversity.HestartedagroupcalledOneLaptopPerChild(OLPC).Thepeopleat

OLPCdon'tworkformoney.Theyworktohelpchildrenlearn.OLPCmakescomputersthatdon'tcostalot.Then

theysellthemachinestogovernmentsofcountriesthathavemanypeopleliveinpoverty.Thegovernments

thengivethecomputestokidsforfree.

TheXOLaptopcomputersaremadeforschool-agedchildrenindevelopingnations.Manyofthesechildren

liveinfarawayareasandgotoschoolswithclassrooms.Inordertowork,thelaptopshavetobelastingand

student-friendly.

Themachineshavemanyfuncharacterslikeabuilt-invideocamera,voicerecording,andgames.TheWiFi

letsstudentsshareinformationontheWebandreade-books.Theyalsocanmakemusicandchatwithfriends.

Anothergreatcharacteristhatitcanlastforalongtime.Itcanbehandchargedandalsocanberecharged

byconnectingtoasolarpanel.BecauseofthesecharacterstheXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingthe

environment.

Thecomputershaveacolorfulname-"thegreenmachine".Negropontethinkstheycouldmakea

differenceinthelivesofmillionsofkids.Hesays,"Everyproblemyoucanthinkof—poverty,peace,the

environment—issolvedwitheducation."

OLPCplanstogiveoutovertenmillioncomputersinthenextfewyears.KidsinThailand,Nigeria,Brazil,

andArgentinawillgetmostofthem.ChinaandEgyptalsowanttotakepartintheprogram.Afterthat,

Negropontehopestosellcomputerstoothercountrieswithhighpoverty.

(1)Negropontethinkshislaptopcomputerswillhelptheworld'spoorestkidsto.

A.workathome

B.gotoschoolontime

C.learnbetter

(2)WhatcanweknowaboutthepeopleatOLPCaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Theyworkformoney.

B.Theygivecomputerstokidsforfree.

C.Theysellcomputerstogovernmentswithmanypeoplelivinginpoverty.

(3)WhydoXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingtheenvironment?

A.Becausetheyarelastingandstudent-friendly.

B.Becausetheyaremadeforschool-agedchildren.

C.Becausetheyhaveacolorfulname.

(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"charged"meaninChinese?

A.携带

B.充电

C.使用

（5）Whowillgetmostofthecomputersinthenextfewyears?

A.KidsinThailand.

B.KidsinChina.

C.KidsinEgypt.

15.（2021•永州）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。

DogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancerG扇症）；theirnoses!ResearchersatCalifornia's

PineStreetFoundation（PSF）saytheyhavetrainedfivedogstosmellcanceronaprison'sbreath.Thiscouldbe

excitingnews.

Adog'ssenseofsmellmaybe10,000to100,000timesstrongerthanours.Butcandogsreallysmellillness?

PSFresearcherMichaelMcCullochsaysyes."Wewereverysurprisedbyhowexacttheywere,"hesaid."They

weretellingwhohadcancer,andtheywerealsosayingwhodidn't."

DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.Howwelldidthey

perform?Takealookatthischarttofindout.

BreathSampleNumberofTimestheDogsSatDownNumberofTimestheDogs

KeptStanding

Breathfromlungcancerpatients56410

Breathfromhealthypersons4708

McCullochandhisteamaskedfourhealthypeopleandonewithcancertoblowintoplastictubes（塑卷管1）.

Specialmaterialsinthetubeskeptthethingsofeachbreath.Thetubeswerethenplacedoneyardapart.Finally

thedogswereallowedtosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelled

cancer.Ninety-ninepercentofthetime,thedugsatnexttothetubesblownintobypatientswithlungcancer.

Thedogswereright88percentofthetimeaboutbreastcancer.

Nolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresultsthanthistest.Theresultsaresoamazingthatmany

expertsquestionthedogs'smellingpower.Theywonderiftherewereotherreasonswhythedogsdidsowell.

Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.

However,mostexpertsagreethatthisstudyisimportant.Theinformationcouldhelpscientistscreateasimple

breathtestforcancerinthefuture.Onceagainhumansmaybegettingahelpingpawornose—fromtheirbest

animalfriends.

(1)What'sthelatesttooladogmighthaveinthefightagainstcancer?

A.Tooth.

B.Nose.

C.Ear.

(2)WhathappenedfirstinthePineStreetFoundationtest?

A.Thedogsweretrained.

B.Thetubeswereplacedoneyardapart.

C.Thedogssmelledthetubes.

(3)Whatwasadogsupposedtodowhenitsmelledcancer?

A.Smellagain.

B.Turnaround.

C.Sitdown.

(4)Lookatthechart.Howmanytimesdidthedogskeepstandingwhentheysmelledthebreathfromhealthy

persons?

A.Lessthan10times.

B.Almost600times.

C.About700times.

(5)Whydomanyexpertsquestionthedog'ssmellingpower?

A.Becausenolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresults.

B.Becausethedogtrainersinfluencedhowthedogsacted.

C.Becausetheydon'tthinkthisstudyisimportant.

16.(2021・永州)阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。

Whatdoyoudowithyourrubbish?Throwitout?Youdon'tknowwhatyou'remissing!Lookcloselyatthe

twofiguresonyourleft.Theyweremadefromthingsmostpeoplethrowaway.Thefiguresweremadefrom

usedbottlecaps.Thosetwobottle-capfigureswereexhibited(展示)inamuseum.

Folkartisartmadebycommonpeoplewhohavenotbeentrainedasartists.Theirworkisoftenbasedon

traditionsintheirculture.Fineart,ontheotherhand,isusuallymadebypeoplewhohavehadtraininginart.

Worksoffineartarevaluedfortheirartisticbeauty.Theyaresupposedtobelookedatbutnotused.Worksof

folkart,however,areoftenmadeforeverydayuse.

Thereweremorethan800piecesoffolkartfromnearly50countriesintheexhibition.Allofthepieces

weremadefromusedmetal,wood,cloth,andplastic.Theartistscomefrommanydifferentcultures.Still,they

allshareonething.Theytakeobjectsthatarenormallythrownawayandchangethemintoobjectsthatare

beautiful,useful,andfun.Theartistsmaynotthinkofwhattheydoasrecycling,butthat'sexactlywhatitis.

Fineartistsmightworkwithexpensivematerials.Theymightuseexpensivetoolstoshapethesematerialsinto

worksofart.Ontheotherhand,inpoorcountriesrubbishmightbetheonlymaterialfolkartistsandtoymakers

canafford.Theexhibitionshowsthatarichimaginationisveryimportantwhenthereareonlypoormaterials.

Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplebegantothinkaboutrecycling.Someoftheobjectsintheexhibitiondate

fromthe1930s.

Evenifyoudon'tcreateartoutofrubbish,it'sgoodtosaveournaturalresources.Rememberthethree

Rules:reduce,reuse,recycle.Ifyoureducewaste,truethingsinsteadofthrowingthemout,andrecycle

materialssuchaspaper,plastic,andglass,youwillprotecttheenvironment.

(1)Whichideabelongsintheemptybox?

Conclusion（结论）Details

Artbasedonculturaltraditions

Artmadeforeverydayuse

Artmadewithusedmaterials

A.Folkartismadebypeoplewhoarenottrainedartists

B.Theartistscomefrommanydifferentcultures

C.Recycledartbeganlongbeforepeoplestartedrecycling

(2)WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?

A.Therewasmorethan800piecesoffineart.

B.Folkartistscan'tshapeexpensivematerialsintoworksofart

C.Poormaterialsalsocanbemadeintoworksofart

(3)Whatisthesamethingofthepiecesintheexhibitionshare?

A.Theyareallwoksoffineart.

B.Theyareallmadefromusedmaterials.

C.Theyareallmadebythetrainedartists.

(4)Whatcanwedotoprotectourenvironment?

A.Throwawayusedmaterials.

B.Onlyuseexpensivematerials.

C.Recyclematerials.

（5）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UsedBottleCaps

B.TheArtofRecycling

C.AMuseumExhibition

四、阅读匹配（共10分，每小题2分）

17.（2021•永州）阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容

完整，其中选项中有一项是多余的。

5waystotrainyourbrainforbettersleep

Thedaysarelonger,fullofsunshineandbrightwiththepromiseofenjoyingamorerelaxingspringand

summerwithyourlovedones.Butifyouwanttoenjoyyourdaytime,it'stimetoimproveyoursleepduringthe

night-time."Sleepproblemsendangerhealthandquality（质量）oflifeforupto45%oftheworld'spopulation,"

accordingtotheWorldSleepSociety.

Sleepisoneofthethreekeystoahealthier,longerlife（theothersaredietandexercise）..Here

arethetopfivewaystoimproveyoursleepandgetsomezz's:

Createasleepnest

.Sciencetellsusthatwesleepbetterincoolertemperaturesofabout60to67degrees

Fahrenheit（15℃to20℃）.

Developaroutine

Setupabedtimeritualbytakingawarmbathorshower,readingabookorlisteningtosoftmusic.You're

teachingyourmindtorelax.Andsticktoit.Gotobedandgetupatthesametimeeachday,evenonweekends

oryourdaysoff..

Cutthelights

Productionofthesleephormonemelatonin（荷尔蒙褪黑激素）beginsatdark.Researchhasfoundthatthe

bodywillsloworstopitwithlighton,togetswayfromanylight,eventhebluelightfromyourchargingsmart

phone.

Refusethewine

Don'tturntowinetomakeyoucalmorhelpyousleep..Yourbodyneedstoexperienceallthree

stepsofsleep—lightsleep,dream,anddeepsleep—tofullyrepairitself.

Heavyandspicyfoodsmaygiveyouheartburnorotherdigestiveproblems,thusinfluencingyourabilityto

getandstayasleep.

Ifyoutrythesetipsandcan'tseemtorelax,oryoursleepcontinuestoworsen,besuretoreachouttoyour

doctororamentalhealthprofessional.

A.Thebodylikeroutine

B.Avoidheavyorhotfoods

C.Refusecoffeelaterintheday

D.Oneofthefirsttasksistosetupyoursleepenvironment

E.Winemayhelpyoufallasleep,butitholdsyouinthelightersleep

F.Manyofthewaystoincreasethequalityofyoursleepareeasytofollow

五、词语填空（共10分，每小题1分）

18.（2021•永州）阅读下面的内容，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入

空白处的最佳答案。

MywholelifehaschangedbecauseofCOVID-19.It'sveryupsettingbecausewecan't

1anyoneelseandwecan'tgotoothers'homes.Wehavebeenathome,butI2the

healthcareworkerswhohaveriskedtheirliveseverydaytohelpusstayhealthyandsafe.Here,Idescribemy

experienceduringthistime.

Comingbackhomefrommyspringvacation,Igotnewsthatschoolisclosedfortwoweeks.

Beingakid,Igot3butIdidn'tknowwhatwaswaitingforus.IneverthoughtIwouldbe

doingmyclassesonlinemonthslater.

Rightafterthe"stayathome"order,mymothertestedpositiveforCOVID-19andourfamilywas

quarantined（隔离）for14days.Itwasreallychallengingforallofus,especiallyformy4,who

gotsick.Thoseweretheworsttwoweeksinmylife.

Watchingmymother5fever,cough,andshortnessofbreathwasheartbreaking,Ihad

tearsinmyeyes,butIdidn'ttellmyparentsaboutit.Iwasthankfulthatmyfatherisa6who

knowshowtotreatCOVID-19patients.Afterthreeweeks,mymothergotbetter.

Myfatherisatruehero.Notonlyhewastakingcareofus,butalsohehasbeentreatingpatientswith

COVID-19everydayand7thecommunityselflessly.Iamproudofhim.

This8hastaughtmetobethankfulforthingswehaveinlife.Myfatherhas

9metobeselfless,helpful,andbrave.ItisOKtobeanxious,butrememberthatthereis

10attheendofthechannel（隧道）andlifewillgetnormalagain.

1.A.e-mailB.callC.meet

2.A.admireB.likeC.miss

3.A.surprisedB.excitedC.worried

4.A.sisterB.fatherC.mother

5.A.continueB.standC.accept

6.A.doctorB.workerC.teacher

7.A.controllingB.servingC.cleaning

8.A.accidentB.journeyC.experience

9.A.askedB.toldC.taught

10.A.lightB.signC.wind

六、语法填空，阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（限1个单词）或括号内单词的正

确形式，使句子通顺完整。（共10分，每小题1分）

19.（2021•永州）Nowadays,bettermedicalcareandcleanerwaterhelppeoplelive（long）.

20.（2021•永州）AttheveryheartofBeijing,thePalaceMuseumisChina'slargestofalltheancient

（building）.

21.（2021・永州）Peoplearoundtheworldareworkingon（reduce）thecausesofglobalwarming.

22.（202L永州）HewhohasnotclimbedGreatWallisnotatrueman.

23.（2021•永州）TheofficiallanguageofChinaisPutonghua,theforeignersusuallycallitMandarin.

24.（2021•永州）Mid-AutumnFestivalisaspecialtimeforfamiliesanditisthe15thdayoftheeighth

lunarmonth.

25.（2021•永州）ChairmanMaoonce（say）thatwomencouldholduphalfthesky.

26.（2021•永州）China（have）threemaintypesofteas:greentea,blackleaandwulong（atea,halfway

betweenblackandgreentea）.

27.（2021•永州）MattewChimudziwantstostudyChinesesothathecanhaveagood（communicate）

withpeopleinChinaoneday.

28.（2021•永州）Whenitcomestomybirthdays,Iwouldliketoinvitemyfriends（watch）amovie.

七、回答问题（共10分，每小题2分）

29.（2021•永州）阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

Riceisoneofthemostcommonlyeatenbasicfoodsaroundtheworld.Buyingitandcookingitisadaily

matter.Yetformany,itspresencehasbeenamatteroflifeanddeath.Itisamainfoodbecauseitiseasyto

grow,besideslowcostandconvenience.Apoorcommunityinthedevelopingworldmayfinditdifficulttobring

inforeignfruitsorraisecattleformeat,butitcanalmostcertainlyusethelandithasinordertogrowplentyof

rice.

ThiswasthegreatachievementofYuanLongping,whopassedawayonMay22thisyear.AgreatChinese

scientist,Yuansuccessfullydevelopedwhatisknownas"hybridrice'*whichcanproduceupa30%higheroutput.

YuanLongpingwasbornintheyear1930,atimewhenChinawasverydifferent.Itwasanation,without

modernindustry,dependingonthericewhichtheygrew.Thefirstfewdecades(十年)ofhislifeweremetwith

majorsocialevents,andarapidlygrowingpopulationthatmadefoodsupplynotlastallthetime.This

experienceleftitsmarkonYuanLongping,whichmadehimfocuson(关注)farmingscienceandworkonhis

researchofhybridrice.

HisachievementwouldseethericesupplyinChinaincreasingfrom56.9milliontonsin1950to194.7million

tonsby2017.By1991,20%oftheworld'sriceoutputcamefromhybridrice,evenifonlybeingplantedin10%of

fields.

Alwaysremember,humandevelopmentbeginsfirstwiththemostbasicandsamplethings,suchas

developingrice.WeshouldbethankfulforscientificthinkerslikeYuan.

(1)Whyisriceamainfoodaroundtheworld?

(2)WhatdidYuandevelopsuccessfully?

(3)WhenwasYuanLongpingborn?

(4)WhatmadeYuanfocusonfarmingscience?

(5)HowmanytonswasthericesupplyinChinaby2017?

八、语篇翻译(共8分，每小题2分)

30.(2021,永州)阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语上。

Theroleofthedisabledinsociety

The2022ParalympicWinterGameswillbeheldinBeijingandZhangjiakouinnorthChina'sHebeiprovince.

HostingtheParalympicGameswillhelpdrawattentiontotheneedforcountriestodomoretomakesure

equalchancesforallpeopleinsociety.①Itisnecessarytorealizethegreatachievementswhicharemadeby

disabledpeople.

②残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多,andmoreachievementsareexpectedtobeseenasthe

countryhasbeenspeedinguptorealizethegoalofachieving"equality,participationandsharing,"asexpressed

inthe2019WhitePaperonChina's70yearsofprogressindealingwiththeneedsofthedisabled.

③TheChinesegovernmentistryingtosolvetheneedsofthedisabledandprovidethemwithnewchances.

Forexample,buildings,holds,publictransportandotherpublicplacesarebecomingmorewheelchairfriendly.

Modernmediaalsoplayanimportantroleineducatingthepublicabouttheneedsofthedisabledandalso

changingsociety'simageofthem,sothereisgreaterfocusontheirspecialabilitiesratherthanontheirabilities.

Infact,thesociety'smostdisabledpeopleprovideallofuswithimportantlessons.Theyshowus

confidence,creativityandpositivity.Theloserwillfail99timesandthengiveup.④要成功，你必须有耐心，

永不放弃。Youmustalwayslearnfromyourfailures,andmoveon.

①________

②________

③________

④________

九、书面表达（共12分）

31.（2021•永州）每个人心中都有一个闪亮的名字，如张桂梅、钟南山、你的妈妈xxx......假如你是李华，

请给你的英国笔友Linda写一封电子邮件，介绍你心目中的一位英雄。

注意：①信中必须包含英雄的基本信息和主要事迹；

②信中不得出现自己的校名和姓名；

③80词左右（首段己给出，不计入总词数）。

DearLinda,

Howareyougettingon?I'mwritingthisemailtoshareastorywithyou.

答案解析部分

一、听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案。

（共5分，每小题1分）

1.【答案】A

【考点】听录音选图

【解析】【听力原文】略

2.【答案】A

【考点】听录音选图

【解析】【听力原文】略

3.【答案】A

【考点】听录音选图

【解析】【听力原文】略

4.【答案】A

【考点】听录音选图

【解析】【听力原文】略

5.【答案】A

【考点】听录音选图

【解析】【听力原文】略

二、听下面六段材料•，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案。

（共15分，每小题1分）

6.【答案】（1）A

（2）A

【考点】长对话理解

【解析】【听力原文】略

7.【答案】（1）A

（2）A

【考点】长对话理解

【解析】【听力原文】略

8.【答案】（1）A

（2）A

【考点】长对话理解

【解析】【听力原文】略

9.【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）A

【考点】长对话理解

【解析】【听力原文】略

10.【答案】(1)A

(2)A

(3)A

【考点】长对话理解

【解析】【听力原文】略

11.【答案】(1)A

(2)A

(3)A

【考点】长对话理解

【解析】【听力原文】略

三、阅读选择(共40分，每小题2分)

12.【答案】(1)C

(2)C

【考点】科普类，说明文

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了中国令人难以置信的高铁。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后

得出正确答案。

⑴细节理解题。根据文中第一段Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slow,

crowdedandoftenuncomfortabletrainsranacrossthisvastcountry,21世纪初，中国还没有高速铁路。缓

慢、拥挤、常常让人不舒服的火车穿过这个辽阔的国家，可知，21世纪初，中国的火车很拥挤，故选C。

⑵细节理解题。根据文中第二段Thenetworkisexpectedtodoubleinlengthagain,to70,000kilometers,by

2035.可知预计到2035年，该网络的长度将再翻一番，达到7万公里。故选C。

13.【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)B

【考点】日常生活类，其他体裁

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要是关于美国不同年龄的孩子上网的比例和在网上所做的事的比例的

表格。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读表格内容，分析问题和选项，从表格中找到依据，最后得出正确答案。

⑴细节理解题。根据第一个柱状图内容可知，5至9岁的孩子有百分之41使用网络，故选A。

⑵细节理解题。根据第二个表格内容可知，百分之76的孩子从网上获得新闻或信息，故选B。

⑶细节理解题。根据第二个表格内容可知，百分之43的孩子通常在网上买书，故选B。

14.【答案】(1)C

(2)C

(3)A

(4)B

(5)A

【考点】教育类，说明文

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了一种新型的笔记本电脑让贫困的孩子也能学习。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后得

出正确答案。

⑴细节理解题。根据文中第一段Canagreenmachinehelptheworld'spoorestkidslearnbetter?

NicholasNegropontethinksso....manychildrenwholiveinpoverty(贫穷)willhavetheirownlaptop

computers!可知，内格罗蓬特认为他的笔记本电脑将帮助世界上最贫穷的孩子更好地学习，故选C。

⑵细节理解题。根据文中第二段0/■尸Cmakescomputersthatdon'tcostalot.Thentheysellthe

machinestogovernmentsofcountriesthathavemanypeopleliveinpoverty.可知，OLPC的人把电脑

卖给有很多贫困人口的政府。故选C。

⑶细节理解题。根据文中第三段Inordertowork,thelaptopshavetobelastingandstudent-friendly.可

知，XO笔记本电脑在帮助环境的同时让学习变得有趣，是因为它们经久耐用，对学生友好。故选A。

⑷词句猜测题。根据前面Anothergreatcharacteristhatitcanlastforalongtime.另一个极大的特点是

它可以持续很长时间。和后面的并列句alsocanberechargedbyconnectingtoasolarpanel.也可以通

过连接太阳能电池板进行充电。可知，此处指"它可以手动充电"，所以charged是充电的意思，故选

B«

⑸细节理解题。根据文中最后一段QLQCplanstogiveoutovertenmillioncomputersinthenextfew

years.KidsinThailand,Nigeria,Brazil,andArgentinawillgetmostofthem.可知,在泰国的孩子会在未

来几年得到大部分的电脑，故选A。

15.【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)C

(4)C

(5)B

【考点】新闻报道类，说明文

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了狗可以用敏锐的嗅觉闻到人们呼吸中的癌症气味。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后得

出正确答案。

(1)细节理解题。根据文中第一段Dogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer(癌症);their

noses!可知，狗狗对抗癌症的最新武器是鼻子，故选B。

⑵细节理解题。根据文中第一段ResearchersatCalifornia'sPineStreetFoundation(PSF)saythey

havetrainedfivedogstosmellcanceronaprison'sbreath.可知，PineStreetFoundation测试训I练了

五条可以嗅出囚犯呼吸中的癌症的狗，故选A。

(3)细节理解题。根据文中第三段Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelled

cancer.可知每只狗都经过了三个星期的训练，当它闻到癌症时，就会坐下来。故选C。

⑷细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，当狗闻到健康人的呼吸时，它们会站708次，故选C。

⑸细节理解题。根据文中最后一段Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcould

haveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.可知，许多专家质疑狗的嗅觉是因为训狗师会影响狗的行为。故

选B。

16.【答案】(1)C

(2)C

(3)A

(4)C

(5)B

【考点】环保类，说明文

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了利用垃圾回收而制造成的艺术品。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后得

出正确答案。

⑴推理判断题。根据右边的具体信息可知，此处介绍的是：在人们开始回收之前很久，回收艺术就已经

开始了，故选C。

(2)主旨大意题。根据第三段内容及Allofthepiecesweremadefromusedmetal,wood,cloth,and

plastic.所有的艺术品都是用旧的金属、木头、布和塑料制成的。可知，本段介绍的是：