人教版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking知识点讲解课件

选修一Unit1Readingandthinking知识点讲解Teachingaims学习目标:1.Understandtheusagesoftheimportantwordsandphrases.2.HelpSsanalysethelonganddifficultsentences.3.Applytheknowledgelearnttodoexercises.JOHNSNOWDEFEATS"KINGCHOLERA"Cholerausedtobe

oneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydrationandevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,

millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.过去常常是/过去常常做某事oneof+adj最高级+n复数宾语从句n.爆发breakout爆发数百万+n复数死于+外因dieof+内因作为懊恼的；沮丧的定语从句宾语：疑问词+不定式后来；及时照顾；照料分娩；生孩子时间状语从句最终地；彻底地失去做某事的欲望desiretodosth想要做某事死亡同位语A,BandCPara2Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.

Theotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,

whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedto

findoutwhy.一般说来；总体上=generallyspeaking相互矛盾的宾语从句表语从句表语从句同意；赞同宾语从句因此时间状语从句感染结果状语从句so+adj/adv+that如此..以至于..找出；查明决心去做某事one..theother一个..另一个begintodo开始做某事becontradictoryto与..相矛盾Para3Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16.37.38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspected

thatthewaterpumpwastoblame.

Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.介词+doing定语从句数量多的+n复数家庭these+n复数怀疑此外宾语从句应受责备死于远离；离开Para3Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.

Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.似乎

主从so+adj/adv+that如此..以至于...havesthdone让某事被做

由于能够做某事相应地为了；以便干预宾语从句asaresult结果；因此拆掉了水泵的把手Para4ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,Snowwas

laterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswater

weremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.

ThroughSnow'stireless

efforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantial

decrease.真相表语从句被感染此外；而且some+n复数定语从句belikelytodosth很可能做某事显示A和B之间的链接定语从句定语从句不懈的努力n.减少；降低大量的

Para5However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology.幸运地改变；转变幸亏；由于beconsidered(as/tobe)被认为是...定语从句流行病学consider(as/tobe)把...看做；认为是