十二生肖动物的汉越成语及其文化比较

十二生肖动物的汉越成语及其文化比较一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle《十二生肖动物的汉越成语及其文化比较》是一篇旨在深入探讨汉越两种语言文化中，以十二生肖动物为元素的成语及其背后文化意蕴的学术性文章。十二生肖，作为中华文化和越南文化的重要组成部分，不仅在日常生活中扮演着重要角色，而且在语言文化中也有着深远影响。通过对比研究汉越两种语言中的相关成语，本文旨在揭示两种文化在动物象征、价值观、社会习俗等方面的异同，以及这些异同如何反映在各自的成语体系中。"TheComparisonofChineseandVietnameseIdiomsoftheTwelveZodiacAnimalsandTheirCulturalSignificance"isanacademicarticleaimedatdelvingintotheculturalconnotationsofidiomsbasedonthetwelvezodiacanimalsinbothChineseandVietnameselanguagesandcultures.Thetwelvezodiacanimals,asanimportantcomponentofChineseandVietnameseculture,notonlyplayimportantrolesindailylife,butalsohaveprofoundinfluenceinlanguageandculture.BycomparingandstudyingrelevantidiomsinChineseandVietnameselanguages,thisarticleaimstorevealthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwoculturesintermsofanimalsymbols,values,socialcustoms,andhowthesesimilaritiesanddifferencesarereflectedintheirrespectiveidiomsystems.本文首先对汉越两种语言中的十二生肖动物成语进行系统的搜集和整理，通过对比分析，揭示出两种文化在动物象征意义上的异同。随后，文章将进一步探讨这些成语所反映的价值观、社会习俗等深层次的文化内涵，从而揭示两种文化在精神层面的共性与差异。本文还将对汉越两种语言中的成语进行语言学角度的分析，探讨其在语言结构、语义特点等方面的特点。ThisarticlefirstsystematicallycollectsandorganizesthetwelveanimalidiomsintheChineseandVietnameselanguages,andthroughcomparativeanalysis,revealsthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinanimalsymbolicmeaningsbetweenthetwocultures.Subsequently,thearticlewillfurtherexploretheprofoundculturalconnotationsreflectedbytheseidioms,suchasvaluesandsocialcustoms,inordertorevealthecommonalitiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwoculturesatthespirituallevel.ThisarticlewillalsoanalyzeidiomsinbothChineseandVietnameselanguagesfromalinguisticperspective,exploringtheircharacteristicsintermsoflanguagestructure,semanticfeatures,andotheraspects.通过本文的研究，我们期望能够为汉越文化交流与理解提供一个全新的视角，同时也为语言文化学、跨文化交际学等领域的学术研究提供有益的参考。Throughtheresearchinthisarticle,wehopetoprovideanewperspectivefortheexchangeandunderstandingofChineseVietnameseculture,aswellasusefulreferencesforacademicresearchinfieldssuchaslanguageandculturalchemistryandcross-culturalcommunication.二、十二生肖动物在汉文化中的成语与象征意义IdiomsandsymbolicmeaningsofthetwelvezodiacanimalsinChineseculture在汉文化中，十二生肖动物不仅仅是时间的标记，更是深具象征意义的文化符号。这些动物通过丰富的成语和民间故事，被赋予了深厚的文化内涵和独特的象征意义。InChineseculture,thetwelvezodiacanimalsarenotonlymarkersoftime,butalsoculturalsymbolswithprofoundsymbolicsignificance.Theseanimalsareendowedwithprofoundculturalconnotationsanduniquesymbolicmeaningsthroughrichidiomsandfolkstories.让我们从鼠开始。在汉语中，“鼠目寸光”用来形容人眼光短浅，只看眼前的利益，而忽视了长远的规划。而“鼠肚鸡肠”则用来形容人心胸狭窄，不能容人。这两个成语都传达出对鼠这一生肖的某种贬义。然而，也有一些成语如“老鼠过街，人人喊打”则反映出鼠在汉文化中的负面形象，象征着不受欢迎或被人唾弃的境地。Let'sstartwithmice.InChinese,"short-sightedandshort-sighted"isusedtodescribeaperson'sshort-sightedvision,onlyfocusingonimmediatebenefits,andneglectinglong-termplanning.Theterm"mousebellyandchickenintestines"isusedtodescribeaperson'snarrowchestandinabilitytotolerateothers.BothoftheseidiomsconveyacertainderogatoryconnotationtowardstheChinesezodiacsignoftherat.However,therearealsosomeidiomssuchas"Whentheoldmousecrossesthestreet,everyoneshoutsandbeats"thatreflectthenegativeimageofthemouseinChineseculture,symbolizinganunpopularordespisedsituation.接着是牛，牛在汉文化中是勤劳和力量的象征。“牛耕田，马吃谷”这个成语就体现了牛在农耕社会中的重要地位，同时也象征着辛勤劳动和默默付出。而“九牛一毛”则用来形容事物数量极大，牛在这里象征着丰富和众多。Nextisthecow,whichisasymbolofdiligenceandstrengthinChineseculture.Theidiom"oxenplowthefields,horseseatgrain"reflectstheimportantpositionofcowsinagriculturalsociety,andalsosymbolizeshardworkandsilentdedication."Nineoxenandonefeather"isusedtodescribealargenumberofthings,wherecowssymbolizeabundanceandabundance.虎，作为百兽之王，在汉文化中象征着力量和威严。“虎虎生威”形容人或者事物具有强大的气势和活力，“为虎作伥”则用来形容助纣为虐，为坏人效劳。这些成语都凸显了虎在汉文化中的特殊地位。Tiger,asthekingofbeasts,symbolizesstrengthanddignityinChineseculture."Tigerandtigergiverisetopower"describesapersonorthingwithstrongmomentumandvitality,while"servingasaghostforatiger"isusedtodescribeassistingatyrantintyrannyandservingbadpeople.TheseidiomshighlightthespecialpositionoftigersinChineseculture.兔，通常象征着温和和敏捷。“兔走乌飞”形容光阴迅速流逝，“守株待兔”则讽刺那些只想靠运气而不愿付出努力的人。这些成语都传达了兔在汉文化中的某种寓意。Therabbitusuallysymbolizesgentlenessandagility."Therabbitrunsawayandfliesaway"describestherapidpassageoftime,while"waitingfortherabbit"satirizesthosewhoonlywanttorelyonluckandareunwillingtoputineffort.TheseidiomsallconveyacertainmeaningoftherabbitinChineseculture.龙，作为汉文化的图腾，象征着祥瑞和皇权。“龙飞凤舞”形容气势奔放雄壮，“画龙点睛”则用来形容在关键处用几句话点明实质，使内容生动有力。这些成语都展现了龙在汉文化中的重要地位。Dragon,asatotemofHanculture,symbolizesauspiciousnessandimperialpower."Dragonflyingandphoenixdancing"describesaboldandmajesticatmosphere,while"finishingtouch"isusedtodescribeusingafewsentencestohighlighttheessenceatkeypoints,makingthecontentvividandpowerful.TheseidiomsalldemonstratetheimportantpositionofdragonsinChineseculture.蛇，在汉文化中有时象征着狡猾和神秘。“打草惊蛇”用来形容做事不小心，反把对方警觉起来，“杯弓蛇影”则形容疑神疑鬼，自相惊扰。这些成语都反映了蛇在汉文化中的复杂形象。SnakessometimessymbolizecunningandmysteryinChineseculture."Beatingthegrasstostartlethesnake"isusedtodescribebeingcarelessindoingthings,butinsteadalertingtheotherperson."Cupbowsnakeshadow"isusedtodescribebeingsuspiciousanddisturbingeachother.TheseidiomsreflectthecompleximageofsnakesinChineseculture.马，作为古代重要的交通工具，马在汉文化中象征着速度和力量。“马到成功”形容事情顺利，刚开始就取得成功，“一马当先”则用来形容勇往直前，领先一步。这些成语都凸显了马在汉文化中的积极形象。Horse,asanimportantmeansoftransportationinancienttimes,symbolizedspeedandstrengthinChineseculture."Arrivedatsuccess"describesthingsgoingsmoothlyandachievingsuccessatthebeginning,while"leadingtheway"isusedtodescribemovingforwardcourageouslyandtakingonestepahead.TheseidiomshighlightthepositiveimageofMainChineseculture.羊，通常象征着温顺和善良。“亡羊补牢”用来比喻出了问题以后想办法补救可以防止继续受损失，“顺手牵羊”则形容乘机拿走别人的东西。这些成语都反映了羊在汉文化中的温和形象。Sheepusuallysymbolizegentlenessandkindness."Makingupforalostsheep"isusedtometaphoricallydescribehowfindingawaytoremedyaproblemcanpreventfurtherlosses,while"holdingasheepinhand"describestakingsomeoneelse'sbelongingswhiletakingtheopportunity.TheseidiomsreflectthegentleimageofsheepinChineseculture.猴，作为机智和灵巧的象征，“杀鸡吓猴”用来比喻用惩罚一个人的办法来警告别的人，“猴年马月”则形容未来的岁月。这些成语都体现了猴在汉文化中的机智和灵巧。Monkey,asasymbolofwitanddexterity,"killingchickenstoscaremonkeys"isusedtometaphoricallydescribeapersonwhousespunishmenttobidfarewell,while"monkeyyearandhorsemonth"describestheyearsahead.TheseidiomsreflectthewitanddexterityofmonkeysinChineseculture.鸡，在汉文化中象征着勤劳和准时。“闻鸡起舞”用来形容勤奋努力，不辞辛劳，“鸡飞狗跳”则形容混乱不堪。这些成语都反映了鸡在汉文化中的勤劳形象。ChickensymbolizesdiligenceandpunctualityinChineseculture."Smellingachickenanddancing"isusedtodescribediligenceandhardwork,while"chickenflyinganddogdancing"isusedtodescribechaos.TheseidiomsreflectthediligentimageofchickensinChineseculture.狗，作为人类最早的家畜之一，狗在汉文化中象征着忠诚和友情。“狗仗人势”用来形容仗势欺人，“打落水狗”则比喻继续打击已经失败的坏人。这些成语都展现了狗在汉文化中的忠诚形象。Dogs,asoneoftheearliestdomesticatedanimalsinhumans,symbolizeloyaltyandfriendshipinChineseculture."Dogbulliespeople"isusedtodescribebullyingothers,while"hittingthewaterdog"metaphoricallyreferstocontinuingtoattackbadpeoplewhohavealreadyfailed.TheseidiomsalldemonstratetheloyalimageofdogsinChineseculture.最后是猪，猪在汉文化中象征着富贵和丰收。“猪狗不如”用来形容人生活贫困，条件极差，“泥猪疥狗”则形容贫穷低贱的人。这些成语都反映了猪在汉文化中的富贵和丰收象征。Finally,thereisthepig,whichsymbolizeswealthandabundantharvestinChineseculture."Pigsanddogsareinferior"isusedtodescribepeoplelivinginpovertyandextremelypoorconditions,while"mudpigsandscabiesdogs"describepeoplewhoarepoorandlowly.TheseidiomsreflectthesymbolofwealthandharvestofpigsinChineseculture.汉文化中的十二生肖动物都承载着丰富的象征意义和文化内涵。这些成语不仅反映了人们对这些动物的理解和感受，也体现了汉文化的独特魅力和深厚底蕴。通过比较和分析这些成语，我们可以更深入地理解汉文化的精神内涵和价值取向。ThetwelvezodiacanimalsinChineseculturecarryrichsymbolicmeaningsandculturalconnotations.Theseidiomsnotonlyreflectpeople'sunderstandingandfeelingstowardstheseanimals,butalsoreflecttheuniquecharmandprofoundheritageofChineseculture.Bycomparingandanalyzingtheseidioms,wecangainadeeperunderstandingofthespiritualconnotationsandvalueorientationsofChineseculture.三、十二生肖动物在越文化中的成语与象征意义IdiomsandsymbolicmeaningsofthetwelvezodiacanimalsinVietnameseculture越南文化深受中华文化的影响，因此在越南语中，十二生肖动物也承载着丰富的成语和象征意义。这些成语和象征意义不仅反映了越南人民的生活哲学和价值观，同时也体现了越南文化对中华文化的传承和发展。VietnamesecultureisdeeplyinfluencedbyChineseculture,soinVietnamese,thetwelvezodiacanimalsalsocarryrichidiomsandsymbolicmeanings.TheseidiomsandsymbolicmeaningsnotonlyreflectthelifephilosophyandvaluesoftheVietnamesepeople,butalsoreflecttheinheritanceanddevelopmentofVietnameseculturetowardsChineseculture.我们来看越南语中与鼠相关的成语。例如，“鼠目寸光”用来形容目光短浅，缺乏远见；“贼眉鼠眼”则用来形容行为鬼鬼祟祟，心怀不轨。这些成语都带有贬义，体现了越南文化中对鼠的负面评价。然而，也有一些成语如“老鼠过街，人人喊打”表达了人们对不良行为的普遍反感，这一点与中华文化中的成语有着相似之处。Let'stakealookatidiomsrelatedtomiceinVietnamese.Forexample,"short-sighted"isusedtodescribeapersonwithshortvisionandalackofforesight;"Thief'seyebrowsandmouseeyes"isusedtodescribebehaviorthatissneakyandharborsillintentions.Theseidiomsallcarryaderogatoryconnotation,reflectingthenegativeevaluationofmiceinVietnameseculture.However,therearealsosomeidiomssuchas"Theoldmousecrossesthestreet,everyoneshoutsandbeats"thatexpresspeople'sgeneralaversiontobadbehavior,whichissimilartotheidiomsinChineseculture.牛在越南文化中象征着勤劳和力量。越南语中有很多与牛相关的成语，如“力大如牛”“牛刀小试”等，都用来形容力量大或技能高超。越南文化中还有“牛耕田，马拉车”的说法，强调了不同动物在不同领域的作用，体现了越南人民对劳动的尊重和对生活的理解。CowssymbolizediligenceandstrengthinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtocowsinVietnamese,suchas"asstrongasacow"and"oxknifetest",allusedtodescribestrongorskilledindividuals.InVietnameseculture,thereisalsothesaying"oxenplowthefields,horsespullcarts",whichemphasizestheroleofdifferentanimalsindifferentfields,reflectingtheVietnamesepeople'srespectforlaborandunderstandingoflife.虎作为百兽之王，在越南文化中象征着勇敢和力量。越南语中有很多与虎相关的成语，如“虎虎生威”“如虎添翼”等，都用来形容气势磅礴或得到有力支持。同时，越南文化中也有“不入虎穴，焉得虎子”的说法，强调了勇敢面对困难和挑战的重要性。Asthekingofbeasts,tigerssymbolizebraveryandstrengthinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtotigersinVietnamese,suchas"tigersgiverisetopower"and"likeatigeraddingwings",allusedtodescribegrandeurorstrongsupport.Atthesametime,thereisalsoasayinginVietnameseculturethat"withoutenteringthetiger'sden,therearenotigercubs",emphasizingtheimportanceofbravelyfacingdifficultiesandchallenges.兔在越南文化中象征着温顺和敏捷。越南语中有很多与兔相关的成语，如“兔走乌飞”用来形容时间过得飞快，“守株待兔”则用来形容不切实际的等待。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对兔的温柔和机敏特质的认同。TherabbitsymbolizesgentlenessandagilityinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtorabbitsinVietnamese,suchas"therabbitrunsawayandflies"todescribetimepassingquickly,and"waitingfortherabbit"todescribeunrealisticwaiting.TheseidiomsreflecttherecognitionofthegentleandagilequalitiesofrabbitsinVietnameseculture.龙作为神话中的神兽，在越南文化中象征着权力和尊贵。越南语中有很多与龙相关的成语，如“龙飞凤舞”用来形容书法或绘画技艺高超，“望子成龙”则表达了父母对子女的殷切期望。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对龙的崇拜和尊重。Dragon,asamythicalbeast,symbolizespowerandnobilityinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtodragonsinVietnamese,suchas"DragonFlyingandPhoenixDancing"usedtodescribeexceptionalcalligraphyorpaintingskills,and"Lookingforwardtochildrenbecomingdragons"expressingparents'earnestexpectationsfortheirchildren.TheseidiomsreflecttheworshipandrespectfordragonsinVietnameseculture.蛇在越南文化中象征着智慧和神秘。越南语中有很多与蛇相关的成语，如“画蛇添足”用来形容多此一举或自找麻烦，“打草惊蛇”则用来形容行动不慎而暴露了目标。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对蛇的智慧和神秘特质的认同。SnakessymbolizewisdomandmysteryinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtosnakesinVietnamese,suchas"paintingasnaketoaddfeet"usedtodescribeunnecessaryactionsorcausingtrouble,and"strikinggrasstostartleasnake"usedtodescribecarelessactionsthatexposeatarget.TheseidiomsreflecttherecognitionofthewisdomandmysterioustraitsofsnakesinVietnameseculture.马作为重要的交通工具和战争工具，在越南文化中象征着忠诚和勇敢。越南语中有很多与马相关的成语，如“马到成功”用来形容事情顺利达成目标，“千军万马”则用来形容声势浩大或力量强大。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对马的忠诚和勇敢特质的赞美。Asanimportantmeansoftransportationandwarfare,horsessymbolizeloyaltyandbraveryinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtohorsesinVietnamese,suchas"achievingsuccessonhorseback"todescribethesmoothachievementofgoals,and"thousandsoftroopsandhorses"todescribethegrandeurorstrength.TheseidiomsreflectthepraiseofloyaltyandbraverytowardshorsesinVietnameseculture.羊在越南文化中象征着温顺和和谐。越南语中有很多与羊相关的成语，如“羊肠小道”用来形容曲折狭窄的道路，“亡羊补牢”则用来形容及时纠正错误以避免更大的损失。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对羊的温顺和和谐特质的认同。SheepsymbolizesgentlenessandharmonyinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtosheepinVietnamese,suchas"sheep'sintestinesandsmallpaths"usedtodescribewindingandnarrowroads,and"lostsheepmakeupforlostones"usedtodescribecorrectingmistakesinatimelymannertoavoidgreaterlosses.TheseidiomsreflecttherecognitionofthegentleandharmonioustraitsofsheepinVietnameseculture.猴作为聪明伶俐的动物，在越南文化中象征着机智和灵巧。越南语中有很多与猴相关的成语，如“猴年马月”用来形容遥遥无期或不可能实现的事情，“杀鸡吓猴”则用来形容用严厉的手段来警告或制止他人。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对猴的机智和灵巧特质的赞美。Monkeys,asintelligentanimals,symbolizewitanddexterityinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtomonkeysinVietnamese,suchas"MonkeyYear,HorseMonth"usedtodescribethingsthataredistantorimpossibletoachieve,and"Killingchickenstoscaremonkeys"usedtodescribeusingstrictmeanstowarnorstopothers.TheseidiomsreflectthepraiseofthewitanddexterityofmonkeysinVietnameseculture.鸡在越南文化中象征着勤劳和准时。越南语中有很多与鸡相关的成语，如“闻鸡起舞”用来形容勤奋努力，“鸡飞狗跳”则用来形容场面混乱或惊慌失措。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对鸡的勤劳和准时特质的认同。ChickensymbolizesdiligenceandpunctualityinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtochickensinVietnamese,suchas"dancinguponhearingachicken"todescribediligenceandhardwork,and"flyingchickenandjumpingdog"todescribechaoticorpanickedsituations.TheseidiomsreflecttherecognitionofthediligenceandpunctualityofchickensinVietnameseculture.狗作为人类忠实的伙伴，在越南文化中象征着忠诚和勇敢。越南语中有很多与狗相关的成语，如“狗仗人势”用来形容仗势欺人，“狗尾续貂”则用来形容拿不好的东西接在好的东西后面，破坏了整体的美感。这些成语都体现了越南文化中对狗的忠诚和勇敢特质的赞美。Dogs,asfaithfulcompanionsofhumans,symbolizeloyaltyandbraveryinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtodogsinVietnamese,suchas"dogbulliespeople"usedtodescribebullyingothers,and"dogtailcontinuestoferret"usedtodescribetakingsomethingbadandputtingitaftersomethinggood,whichdestroystheoverallbeauty.TheseidiomsreflectthepraiseofloyaltyandbraverytowardsdogsinVietnameseculture.猪在越南文化中象征着丰收和富足。越南语中有很多与猪相关的成语，如“猪狗不如”用来形容某人或某事物非常低劣或不堪，“泥猪疥狗”则用来形容环境或条件非常恶劣。尽管这些成语带有贬义，但也体现了越南文化中对猪的丰收和富足象征意义的认同。PigssymbolizeharvestandprosperityinVietnameseculture.TherearemanyidiomsrelatedtopigsinVietnamese,suchas"piganddogareinferior"usedtodescribesomeoneorsomethingthatisverypoororunbearable,and"mudpigandscabiesdog"usedtodescribeanenvironmentorconditionthatisverypoor.Althoughtheseidiomscarryaderogatoryconnotation,theyalsoreflecttherecognitionofthesymbolicmeaningofpigharvestandabundanceinVietnameseculture.越南文化中的十二生肖动物成语和象征意义丰富多样，既体现了越南人民对生活的理解和感悟，也展现了越南文化对中华文化的传承和发展。通过对比中越两国文化中的十二生肖动物成语和象征意义，我们可以更深入地理解两国文化的异同和相互影响。TheidiomsandsymbolicmeaningsofthetwelvezodiacanimalsinVietnameseculturearerichanddiverse,reflectingnotonlytheVietnamesepeople'sunderstandingandperceptionoflife,butalsotheinheritanceanddevelopmentofVietnameseculturetowardsChineseculture.BycomparingtheanimalidiomsandsymbolicmeaningsofthetwelvezodiacanimalsintheculturesofChinaandVietnam,wecangainadeeperunderstandingofthesimilarities,differences,andmutualinfluencebetweenthetwocountries.四、汉越文化对十二生肖动物的共同认知与差异TheCommonCognitionandDifferencesoftheTwelveZodiacAnimalsinHanYueCulture汉越文化作为东亚文化的两大支柱，对十二生肖动物的认知既有共同之处，也存在显著差异。这些共同认知与差异反映了两种文化在历史、社会、宗教、哲学等方面的独特发展路径。TheHanVietnameseculture,asthetwopillarsofEastAsianculture,hasbothsimilaritiesandsignificantdifferencesinunderstandingthetwelvezodiacanimals.Thesesharedperceptionsanddifferencesreflecttheuniquedevelopmentpathsofthetwoculturesintermsofhistory,society,religion,philosophy,andotheraspects.动物象征的普遍性：在汉越文化中，十二生肖动物常常被用作象征性的符号，代表特定的品质或性格特征。例如，龙在中国和越南都被视为权力和尊严的象征，而狗则常常代表忠诚和忠实。Theuniversalityofanimalsymbols:InHanYueculture,thetwelvezodiacanimalsareoftenusedassymbolicsymbolstorepresentspecificqualitiesorpersonalitytraits.Forexample,dragonsareseenassymbolsofpoweranddignityinbothChinaandVietnam,whiledogsoftenrepresentloyaltyandloyalty.生肖与人的关联：在两种文化中，人们常常根据自己的生肖来预测性格、命运和与其他生肖的相容性。这种将人与动物相结合的观念，体现了对自然界和动物的深厚情感。Theassociationbetweenzodiacsignsandhumans:Intwocultures,peopleoftenpredicttheirpersonality,destiny,andcompatibilitywithotherzodiacsignsbasedontheirownzodiacsigns.Thisconceptofcombininghumansandanimalsreflectsadeepemotionalattachmenttonatureandanimals.生肖与时间的联系：汉越文化都使用生肖来纪年，每个生肖代表一个年份，这种与时间的紧密联系使得生肖在两种文化中都具有极其重要的地位。TheconnectionbetweentheChinesezodiacandtime:BothHanandVietnameseculturesusetheChinesezodiactorecordtheyear,witheachzodiacrepresentingayear.ThiscloserelationshipwithtimemakestheChinesezodiacextremelyimportantinbothcultures.动物选择与排序：虽然汉越文化都选择了十二种动物作为生肖，但具体的动物选择和排序却存在差异。这反映了两种文化对动物的喜好和重视程度的不同。Animalselectionandsorting:AlthoughbothChineseandVietnamesecultureschoosetwelveanimalsastheirzodiacsigns,therearedifferencesinthespecificanimalselectionandsorting.Thisreflectsthedifferentpreferencesandlevelsofemphasisonanimalsbetweenthetwocultures.象征意义的差异：尽管一些生肖动物在汉越文化中具有相似的象征意义，但也有许多动物在两种文化中的象征意义存在显著差异。这种差异往往与两种文化的历史、宗教和哲学观念有关。Differencesinsymbolicmeanings:AlthoughsomeanimalsoftheChinesezodiachavesimilarsymbolicmeaningsinHanVietnameseculture,therearealsomanyanimalswithsignificantdifferencesinsymbolicmeaningsbetweenthetwocultures.Thisdifferenceisoftenrelatedtothehistorical,religious,andphilosophicalconceptsofthetwocultures.生肖与日常生活的关联：在汉文化中，生肖与日常生活的联系更为紧密，人们常常使用生肖来命名产品、品牌或活动。而在越南文化中，生肖的这种应用相对较少，更多地保留了其传统的象征意义。TheassociationbetweentheChinesezodiacanddailylife:InChineseculture,thezodiacismorecloselyrelatedtodailylife,andpeopleoftenuseittonameproducts,brands,oractivities.InVietnameseculture,theapplicationoftheChinesezodiacisrelativelyrareandretainsmoreofitstraditionalsymbolicsignificance.汉越文化对十二生肖动物的认知既有共同之处，也存在显著差异。这些共同认知和差异不仅反映了两种文化的独特魅力，也为我们提供了深入理解两种文化的重要视角。通过比较和研究这些生肖动物在汉越文化中的不同表现，我们可以更好地理解和欣赏两种文化的多样性和丰富性。TherearebothsimilaritiesandsignificantdifferencesintheunderstandingofthetwelvezodiacanimalsinHanYueculture.Thesesharedperceptionsanddifferencesnotonlyreflecttheuniquecharmofthetwocultures,butalsoprovideuswithanimportantperspectivetodeeplyunderstandthetwocultures.BycomparingandstudyingthedifferentexpressionsofthesezodiacanimalsinHanVietnameseculture,wecanbetterunderstandandappreciatethediversityandrichnessofthetwocultures.五、结论Conclusion通过对十二生肖动物在汉越两种语言中的成语及其文化背景的深入比较，我们可以发现，尽管这两种语言和文化在许多方面存在显著的差异，但在十二生肖动物的成语表达上，它们却展现出了许多相似之处。这些相似之处不仅反映了汉越两种文化之间的交流和影响，也揭示了人类对动物和自然界的共同认知和理解。ThroughathoroughcomparisonoftheidiomsandculturalbackgroundsofthetwelvezodiacanimalsinbothChineseandVietnameselanguages,wecanfindthatalthoughtherearesignificantdifferencesinmanyaspectsbetweenthesetwolanguagesandcultures,theyexhibitmanysimilaritiesintheexpressionofidiomsinthetwelvezodiacanimals.ThesesimilaritiesnotonlyreflectthecommunicationandinfluencebetweenChineseandVietnamesecultures,butalsorevealthecommoncognitionandunderstandingofanimalsandnatureamonghumans.汉越两种语言中的十二生肖动物成语都体现出了对动物的独特情感和态度。这些成语往往以动物为比喻，通过动物的特性来描绘人类的行为和性格。例如，汉语中的“鼠目寸光”和越南语中的“鼠目不见泰山”都用来形容人的眼光短浅，只看重眼前的利益。这些相似的表达方式不仅体现了汉越两种文化对动物的共同认识，也揭示了人类对动物特性的深刻洞察。ThetwelvezodiacanimalidiomsinbothChineseandVietnameselanguagesreflectuniqueemotionsandattitudestowardsanimals.Theseidiomsoftenuseanimalsasmetaphorstodepicthumanbehaviorandpersonalitythroughtheircharacteristics.Forexample,theChineseword"short-sighted"andtheVietnameseword"ratscan'tseeMountTaishan"arebothusedtodescribepeople'sshort-sighted,focusingonlyonimmediateinterests.ThesesimilarexpressionsnotonlyreflectthecommonunderstandingofanimalsbetweenChineseandVietnamesecultures,butalsorevealprofoundinsightsintothecharacteristics