浙江省宁波市宁波九校2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

绝密★考试结束前宁波市2023学年第一学期期末九校联考高一英语试题考生须知：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试时间120分钟;2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字;3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效;4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，请将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Athome. C.Atabakery.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:CanIhaveachocolatedoughnutwithsoymilk,please?M:I’msosorry,butweonlyhaveoatmilknow.W:OK.I’minarushtogotowork.M:Hereyougo.Enjoy.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhyisthewomanproudofTony?A.Hehaswonacompetition.B.Hehaspassedanexam.C.HehasbeenpraisedbyhisEnglishteacher.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iamsoproudofyou,Tony.Youaremakinggoodprogress.Englishwasyourweakestsubject.Goodjob!M:Ha-ha,myEnglishteacherissurprisedtoo.Lookatthecup.Ican’twaittotellmydadthatI’mnumberone!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Haveasleep. B.Drinkcoffee. C.Breathesomefreshair.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ijustcan’tstayfocused.Ididn’tgetenoughsleeplastnight.Iwentoutsidetogetsomefreshair,butitdidn’thelp.M:Ithinkacupofcoffeewillrefreshyou.W:It’sthebestmethod.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredidthewomangetthenews?A.FromTV. B.FromtheInternet. C.Fromalocal.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Didyouhearaboutthevolcanoeruption?It’salloverthenews.W:Idon’twatchTV.ButIsawmanyrelevantpicturesandvideospostedonline.It’sfrighteningtothinkabouttheruinsandtheimpactonthepeoplelivingnearby.M:Ihopethelocalsstaysafeandthattherescueworkerscanmanagethesituationeffectively.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Haveanexamination. B.Haveanoperation. C.Takesomemedicine.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Sally,let’sgo.Appendicitisisnojoke.Youmighthavetohaveanoperation.W:Anoperation?Arethereanypillsthatcanhelp?M:I’mnotsure.Butatleastyoucouldgotothehospitaltohaveathoroughmedicalexamination.第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatistherelationshipbetweenEricaandAllison?A.Oldclassmates. B.Relatives. C.Co-workers.7.WhatdidEricadolastFridaynight?A.Sheplayedbasketball. B.Shewentswimming. C.Shehadadrink.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Erica,whoisthatgirlyouwavedto?W:Oh,that’sAllison.Weusedtobeinthesameclassinhighschoolandbecameverycloseafterwejoinedtheswimmingclubatcollege,butwewentdifferentwaysaftergraduation.M:Sorrytohearthat.Whathappened?W:Nothingserious.Wegrewupinthesametown,andsheplannedtoreturnandtrainbasketballplayersthere.Ichosetostayinthecity.Shegotbackhererecently.M:Didyoucatchuponeachother’slifealready?W:Ohyes,wewenttothenearbybarlastFridaynight.I’veheardsomanystoriesaboutherandherrelatives.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomanplantodoontheweekend?A.Attendanexhibition. B.Drawapainting. C.Playcomputergames.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthelastexhibition?A.Sad. B.Content. C.Disappointed.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,haveyouseentheartexhibitionintown?W:No,whatkindofexhibitionisit?M:It’sapresentationoflocalartistsandtheirlatestworks.W:Thatsoundsinteresting!Whattypeofartisit?M:Contemporary.There’samixofpaintingsandsculptures.Iheardoneoftheartistswouldevencreateasculpturerightthere,infrontofvisitors.W:Areyouserious?Ican’twaittoseeit!Ilovecontemporaryart.I’lldefinitelycheckitoutthisweekend.M:Yeah,it’sgoingtobeafantasticexperience.Anditfeelsgreattosupportlocalartists.W:Yes.LasttimeIwenttoacomputergamesexhibition,buttobehonest,IwishIhadn’twastedmoneyontheticket.M:Oh,whatapity.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whathasthewomanpreparedforthewedding?A.Theclothes. B.Thedecorations. C.Thepresent.11.Whatisunusualaboutthewedding?A.Itwilllastfortwodays. B.Itwillhaveamusicshow. C.Itwillbeheldinabighotel.12.Whatdoesthemanworryabout?A.Thefood. B.Thesite. C.Theweather.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Grace.Haveyoustartedpreparingforourcousin’swedding?W:Yeah,Ijustfinishedgettingmydressandmyhusband’sformalsuitready.ButIhavenoideafortheweddinggift.Whataboutyou?M:Well,Iprefertogivecashasaweddinggift.Istillhavetobookahotel.I’mreallyexcitedaboutthewedding.It’sgoingtobeabigfamilygathering.W:Ofcourse!Andtheweddingplace,whichislocatedinthecitycenter,isjustspectacular.Ican’twaittoseeitdeckedoutwithflowersandballoons.M:Yeah,Iheardithasbeautifulgardensandtwobigballrooms.What’smore,wearenothavingabigformalmealatthewedding,butabuffet.W:Oh,Iknow.AndIheardthey’reevenbringinginalivebandplayingjazz.That’sspecial.It’sgoingtobearealparty.M:Great!Icrossmyfingers,hopingthesunisshiningandtheskyisblue.Itwillbeashameifitrainsthatday.W:Yeah.Buteitherway,it’sgoingtobeamemorabledayforeveryone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdidthemandobeforehistrip?A.Helearnedtouseacompass.B.HesearchedtheInternetforinformation.CHespentsometimestudyinginsects.14.Whatshouldthemanpaymostattentiontowhentravelinginthedesert?A.Hightemperatures. B.Directions. C.Dangerousanimals.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasazoologistforcompany.B.HeleftAustraliawhenhewasyoung.C.Hecametoresearchpoisonoussnakes.16.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Azoologist. B.Atourguide. C.Ashopassistant.【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Isitthefirsttimethatyou’vecometoAustralia?M:Ohyes.IhavehaddreamsofcomingheresinceIwasachild,andfinally,mydreamcametrue.W:I’mhappyforyouButbecarefulwhenyouvisitthedesert.M:Thanks.I’mfullypreparedforit.W:Oh,manydangersliethere,forexample,extremeheat,sunburn,andinsects.M:Yes.Ithinkgettinglostisdangerous.SoIboughtacompassandlearnedalittleabouthowtofindmywayinthedesert.W:That’ssmart.Butthebiggestdangercomesfromanimals.DoyouknowthatamajorityofpoisonoussnakesintheworldliveinAustralia?M:Iknow.DoyouthinkIhaveachanceofmeetingthem?W:Yes.Remember,keepawayfromthem.Someofthesnakescankillyouinlessthan5minutes.M:Noworries.Azoologistcamealong.Bytheway,whichcarismine?W:ThisgrayToyotawasbookedinyourname.Nowpleasefollowmetotheshoptosignsomepapers.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakerworkfor?A.Atravelagency. B.Anairline. C.Anairport.18.Whatisthedestinationofthenewflight?A.PuertoRico. B.Maldives. C.England.19.WhathappenedtoRichardBransonin1984?A.Hisflightwascalledoff.B.Hefailedtocatchhisflight.C.Hecouldn’tfindaflighttohishomecity.20.Whatisanadvantageofthenewcabin?A.Lowerprices. B.Betterservice. C.Biggerseatingcapacity.【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.A【解析】【原文】I’mheretoannouncethatwewilloperateanewflightfromLondonHeathrowtotheMaldives.Wecouldn’tbemoreexcitedtoaddthisnewroutetoourairlineroutemap.Ithinkmanyofyouknowourslogan“SeetheWorldDifferently”,sotheMaldiveswillsurelyleaveyouwithunforgettablememorieswhenyoutakeatripthere.Ourhistorybeganin1984,whenRichardBranson,founderofVirginAtlantic,couldn’tleavePuertoRicobecausehisflightwascanceled,andagreatideaofestablishinganewcompanyappearedinhismind.Shortlyafterward,wewereabletoopen600-plusflights.Thisistheresultwecouldn’thaveimagined.WeflytoandfromNorthandSouthAmerica,Europe,Asia,andAustralia.Ourcompanyisdedicatedtothecomfortofthepassengers.Wecurrentlyhavethreedifferenttypesofcabins:upperclass,premiumandeconomy.RecentlyIreceivedsomeinsideinformationthatthecompanyisgoingtointroduceanewtypeofcabin:businesseconomy,whichwillbesoldatmoreaffordableprices,comparedtotheformerthree.However,itsseatingcapacityisonlyhalfofthem,soyouwillhavetogettheticketsasquicklyasyoucan.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChinaisoneoftheworld’sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecasting(青铜冶铸)technology.Herewe’vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.SanxingduiMuseumAddress:SanxingduiRuinSite,133XiangxinRoad,Guanghan,Deyang,SichuanprovinceHours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.(noentryafter17:00).ClosedMondaysTicketbookingeneraladmission:Galleryticket80yuanNote:Childrenshorterthan1.2m(including1.2m)canvisitthegalleryfreeofcharge.Theticketmustbeusedonthedayitissold.NationalMuseumofChinaAddress:EastsideofTian’anmenSquareDongchengdistrict,BeijingHours:8:30-17:00(noentryafter16:30)Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@ShanghaiMuseumAddress:201RenminAvenue,Huangpudistrict,ShanghaiHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear’sEveE-mail:webmaster@Generaladmission:Free(amaxof8,000admitteddaily).HunanMuseumAddress:50DongfengRoad,Changsha,HunanprovinceHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYearTel:(+86-731)84415833,84475933E-mail:web@Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).Formoreinformation,clickhere.21.WhichmuseumshouldyouchooseforyourfamilytovisitnextMonday?A.ShanghaiMuseum. B.HunanMuseum.C.SanxingduiMuseum. D.NationalMuseumofChina.22.WhatdoHunanMuseumandNationalMuseumofChinainthispassagehaveincommon?A.Theyarefreetochildrenunder12. B.Theycloseonnationalholidays.C.Theycanbereservedthroughe-mail. D.Theyneedapassportforentry.23.Whereisthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Awebsite. B.Anewspaper. C.Atraveljournal. D.Ahistorybook.【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了中国四大博物馆——三星堆博物馆、中国国家博物馆、上海博物馆和湖南博物馆【21题详解】细节理解题。根据全文可知，除了ShanghaiMuseum，其它三大博物馆都没有提及“ClosedMondays(星期一休息)”可知，下周一家人去参观博物馆，应该选择上海博物馆。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据NationalMuseumofChina和HunanMuseum都提及到“Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).(普通门票：免费（需持护照入场）。)”可知，湖南博物馆和中国国家博物馆共同之处在于它们需要护照才能入场。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Formoreinformation,clickhere.(欲了解更多信息，请点击这里。)”可知，这篇文章可能来一个网站。故选A。BLearninganylanguageishard,butlearningEnglishcanbeespeciallychallenging.Why?Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.Here’sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere’snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish—theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithouttheseoddusagesfillingitspages.Howcantheseoddwordsbeexplained?PartoftheansweristheBritishsenseofhumor.Britonsdon’tliketotakethingstooseriously,andthisisevidentthroughmanyBritishwordsandphrases.Forexample,to“spendapenny”meanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.InaninterviewfortheBBC’swebsite,BritishlinguistDavidCrystalsuggestedtheremaybehistoricalreasonsforthelargenumberofoddwordsandphrasesinBritishEnglish.Hethinksthattheybeganinthelate16thandearly17thcenturies.Thiswasagreatageforthetheater,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.Thetheater’spopularityalsocreatedanincentivetoinventnewwords.Withthisinmind,perhapsShakespeareandhispeersaretoblameforunusualBritishwordssuchas“codswallop”and“balderdash”—whichboth,mean“nonsense”.Whilethesestrangewordsmaybeconfusingtonon-nativespeakers,theycertainlymakestudyingEnglishalotmoreinteresting.24.Accordingtothetext,whymaynon-nativespeakersfinditmorechallengingtolearnEnglish?A.Dictionariesaretoocomplicatedtounderstand.B.TheEnglishvocabularyistoolargeforthemtolearn.C.Alargenumberofstrangeexpressionsconfusethem.D.TheEnglishtextbookstheyuseareusuallyoutofdate.25.Withtheexampleof“theOxfordEnglishDictionary”inParagraph2,theauthorintendsto.A.stressthelargenumberofstrangetermsB.explaintheoriginofthestrangephrasesC.showBritishpeople’sattitudetowardsoddphrasesD.showtheusefulnessoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary26.Whichofthefollowingwordshasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“incentive”inParagraph4?A.concern B.inspiration C.application D.opinion27.Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinwritingthearticle?A.Aerious. B.Anxious. C.Indifferent. D.Humorous.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是英国英语中出现大量奇怪单词的原因。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.(因为母语为英语的人使用这种语言的方式是教科书无法描述的。特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头)”以及第二段“Here’sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere’snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.(举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人“wazzock”。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的)”可推知，母语非英语的人之所以会觉得学习英语很难是因为许多奇怪的词对他们来说毫无意义，会让他们觉得非常的困惑。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Here’sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere’snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish—theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithouttheseoddusagesfillingitspages.(举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人“wazzock”。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的。英国英语中有很多奇怪的术语，如果没有这些奇怪的用法，《牛津英语词典》就会小得多)”可知，第二段以《牛津英语字典》为例，是为了强调英语词汇中有大量的奇怪的术语。故选A。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Thiswasagreatageforthetheater,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.(他认为它们始于16世纪末和17世纪初。这对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，莎士比亚和其他作家努力满足对新剧的需求)

”以及划线单词句中的“Thetheater’spopularity

(剧院的受欢迎程度)”以及“toinventnewwords(发明新词)”可知，16世纪末和17世纪初对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，剧院也同时受到了大众的欢迎，从而激发了人们发明新词。所以划线单词的意思为“启发，激发”。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.(特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头)”，第三段的“Forexample,to“spendapenny”meanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.(例如，“花一分钱”的意思是使用卫生间。它指的是人们必须花一分钱才能使用公共厕所的日子)”以及全文可知，作者在文中用了诙谐的单词，举了一些有趣的例子。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的语气是幽默的。故选D。COnApril18—theInternationalDayforMonumentsandSites,ChinaDaily’sdigitalemployeeYuanxiandDunhuangMogaoGrottoes’officialvirtualcartoonfigureJiayaotogetherintroducedaninteractivedigitalplatformthathostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCave(藏经洞)totheworld.TheplatformwasdevelopedjointlybytheDunhuangAcademyandtheChinesetechfirmTencent.ItusesgamingtechnologiestoshowthehistoricalscenesoftheLibraryCaveinthedigitalworld.TheLibraryCaveinMogaoGrottoeswasdiscoveredin1900,withmorethan60,000culturalrelicsdatingfromthe4thcenturytothe11thcenturyunearthed.Itwasoneofthemostimportantarchaeologicaldiscoveriesinthe20thcentury.Ontheplatform,visitorscanrole-playand“timetravel”toancientdynastiesandtalkwitheighthistoricalfigures.ThepubliccanentertheplatformthroughtheDigitalDunhuangwebsiteanditsWeChatminiprogram.Inthedigitalage,themodelof“culture+technology”hasbeenintroducedtofacilitatethedevelopmentofChineseculture.ThedigitalizationrateofChina’spreciousculturalrelicsisnowover70percent,accordingtothe2022ChinaDigitalCollectionIndustryResearchReportreleasedbyiResearch.InstitutionssuchasthePalaceMuseumhavealsostartedonlinedigitalservicesoftheirown.Artificialintelligence(AI)technologyallowsthepublictoviewtheinteriorofthebuildingsthroughthePalaceMuseum’sWeChatminiprogram.TheMinistryofCultureandTourismhasalsoencouragedthedevelopmentandtransformationofculturalintellectualproperty(知识产权)bydigitalmeans.ChinaCentralTelevisionhascreatedaseriesofdigitalcollectionswithdifferentDunhuangthemes,suchastheDunhuangdivinedeer(神鹿)Youyou.Itwascreatedbasedontheimageofthenine-coloreddeerfromDunhuangmurals(壁画).ThepubliccanseethedivinedeeronCCTV’sowndigitalplatform.Digitalcollectionscatertotheconsumptionhabitsofyoungpeople,whogrowupintheinformationage.TheynotonlyprotecttheintellectualpropertyofthecollectionsbutalsobringthepublicclosertoChina’s“excellenttraditionalculture”,notedDunhuangArtInstitute.SuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy,toldXinhuathatmoreeffortswillbemadetoexplorenewformsforshowingculturalrelicsandofferthepublicgreaterculturalexperiencestodevelopDunhuangculture.28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthevirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCaveistrue?A.ItwasdevelopedbytheDunhuangAcademyalone.B.ThepubliccanhaveaccesstoitthroughWechatminiprogram.C.Ithasappliedthelatesttime-travelingandgamingtechnology.D.Itwasunearthedin1900withmorethan60,000culturalrelics.29.Whatisthepurposeofthemodelof“culture+technology”?A.Toshowthelatestgamingtechnologies.B.Tohelpculturalinstitutionsmakeaprofit.C.TopromotethedevelopmentofChineseculture.D.ToencouragepeopletoexploreChineseculturalrelics.30.HowdoestheauthorintroducethesuccessofdigitalcollectionsinParagraph7?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bygivingdefinitions. D.Bygivingexamples.31.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A.China’snewwayinrebuildingMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCave.B.China’ssuccessinpromotingthedigitizationrateofculturalrelics.C.China’sinteractivedigitalplatformindevelopingDunhuangculture.D.China’slatestadvancesinthedevelopmentofculturalintellectualproperty.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了《中国日报》联手敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟卡通人物“伽瑶”向世人介绍了一个互动数字平台，该平台存有敦煌莫高窟藏经洞的虚拟副本，并讲述了用数字工具弘扬中国文化遗产的作用。【28题详解】细节理解题。第四段第二句提到“ThepubliccanentertheplatformthroughtheDigitalDunhuangwebsiteanditsWeChatminiprogram.”（公众可以通过数字敦煌网站及其微信小程序进入该平台。）由此判断，公众可以通过小程序进入该平台。B项符合文意。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。第五段第一句提到“Inthedigitalage,themodelof“culture+technology”hasbeenintroducedtofacilitatethedevelopmentofChineseculture.”（在数字时代，“文化+科技”的模式被引入，促进了中国文化的发展）由此判断，该模式的引入是为了促进中国文化的发展。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。第七段第二三句提到“ChinaCentralTelevisionhascreatedaseriesofdigitalcollectionswithdifferentDunhuangthemes,suchastheDunhuangdivinedeer(神鹿)Youyou.Itwascreatedbasedontheimageofthenine-coloreddeerfromDunhuangmurals(壁画).ThepubliccanseethedivinedeeronCCTV’sowndigitalplatform.”（中央电视台制作了一系列不同敦煌主题的数字合集，比如敦煌神鹿。它是根据敦煌壁画中的九色鹿形象创作的。公众可以在央视自己的数字平台上看到神鹿）该段提到了中央电视台也制作了一系列的敦煌主题数字合集，同时举出九色鹿的神鹿形象作为例子。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。第一段提到“OnApril18 —theInternationalDayforMonumentsandSites,ChinaDaily’sdigitalemployeeYuanxiandDunhuangMogaoGrottoes’officialvirtualcartoonfigureJiayaotogetherintroducedaninteractivedigitalplatformthathostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes’LibraryCave(藏经洞)totheworld.”（4月18日，国际古迹遗址日，《中国日报》数字员工袁西与敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟人物“伽瑶”共同推出了一个互动数字平台，向世界展示了莫高窟图书馆洞虚拟副本）由此判断，文章围绕敦煌文化数字平台展开，这一创作方式也拉进历史与公众的距离。C项符合文意，故选C。DEachyear,thediscoveryofnewsharkspeciesunderlineshowlittleweknowaboutoceanbiodiversity.InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.Theirdiscoverysuggeststhatsomeextinctionsintheopenseaofthepastmayhavebeenmysterious.ThestudyofSibertandRubintakesadvantageofasystembyusingtiny,hardbitsofsharkskinandbonyfishteeththatnaturallyfallfromtheirbodiestotheseafloor.Theseextremelysmallfossilsprovidearichrecordofancientoceanicsharksandtheirabundanceforthousandsofyears.Bystudyingfossilsfrommanyregions,thediversitypatternscangivemajorinsightsintoevolution(进化)oftheopenseathatwouldbeotherwiseunknown.SibertandRubinquantified(量化)apastextinctionofsharks,reportinga90%declineinnumberand>70%dropindiversity.Theyfoundthatnearer-shoresharksappeartosurvive,butmigratoryonesgoextinct.Thefindingofthisstudyisthatsharkshadundergoneawidespreadextinctionthatreorganizedtheircommunitiesfrom16millionto20millionyearsago.SibertandRubinnarrowedthedisappearanceofsharkstoawindowoftimeunder100,000yearsaround19millionyearsago,butthecausesofthiseventremainunclear.Becausethistimeperioddoesnotstandoutasaperiodofmajorclimaticchange,theauthorsdonotattribute(归因于)environmentalfactorsasanextinctiondriver.Asforothercauses,thelossofsharkdiversityisdirectlylinkedtooverfishing.Thelossofsharksfromtheoceanshasprofound,complex,andunavoidableecologicalconsequencesbecausetheirpresencereflectsthestabilityofmarineecosystems.Yet,one-quarteroftheglobaldiversityofsharksiscurrentlythreatenedwithextinction.Despiterecentimprovementsinconservationactions,sharkcommunitiesneverrecoveredfromamysteriousextinctionevent19millionyearsago;theecologicalfateofwhatremainsisnowinourhands.32.WhatdidSibertandRubinfind?A.Thenegativeimpactoftheextinctionofsharks.B.Themysteriousreasonsbehindthedisappearanceofsharks.C.Themostrecentadvancesinthestudyofthelargestecosystem.D.Thelarge-scaledeclineinthenumberofsharksabout19millionyearsago.33.HowdidSibertandRubinconducttheirstudy?A.Bycollectingandanalyzingsharkfossilsworldwide.B.Byquantifyingthemovementofnear-shoresharks.C.Byusingasystemtostudythenaturallyfallenbitsfromsharks.D.Bykeepingtrackofancientoceanicsharksandtheiractivities.34.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Overfishingispartlytoblameforthelossofsharkdiversity.B.Thenumberofsharkshasrecoveredtoitspreviouslevel.C.Scientisthavefiguredouttheexactcausesofsharks’extinction.D.Sharkshadundergoneawidespreadextinctionduetotheclimatechange.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Sharks:TheStoriesbehindThem B.Sharks:TheMarineMastersC.Sharks:KillersorMisunderstood? D.Sharks:TheMysteriousExtinction【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.(在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝)”可知，西伯特和鲁宾发现大约1900万年前，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。因此，西伯特和鲁宾发现了大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降，D项“Thelarge-scaledeclineinthenumberofsharksabout19millionyearsago.(大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降)”符合题意。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThestudyofSibertandRubintakesadvantageofasystembyusingtiny,hardbitsofsharkskinandbonyfishteeththatnaturallyfallfromtheirbodiestotheseafloor.(西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了一种利用鲨鱼皮和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小硬块的系统，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底)”可知，西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了利用了鲨鱼皮肤和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小、坚硬的碎片，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底，因此，C项“Byusingasystemtostudythenaturallyfallenbitsfromsharks.(通过使用一种系统来研究鲨鱼自然掉落的碎片)”是西伯特和鲁宾进行他们的研究的方式，C项符合题意。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“Asforothercauses,thelossofsharkdiversityisdirectlylinkedtooverfishing.(至于其他原因，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关。)”可知，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关，因此，A项“Overfishingispartlytoblameforthelossofsharkdiversity.(过度捕捞是鲨鱼多样性丧失的部分原因)”是正确的陈述，A项符合题意。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.

Theirdiscoverysuggeststhatsomeextinctionsintheopenseaofthepastmayhavebeenmysterious.(在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。他们的发现表明，过去公海上的一些物种灭绝可能是神秘的。)”可知，本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。因此，本文最好的标题是D项“Sharks:TheMysteriousExtinction(鲨鱼:神秘的灭绝)”符合题意。故选D项。第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anearthquakehappenswhentwoplatesrubtogether.Theearthplatestravelindifferentdirectionsandatdifferentspeeds.___36___Inotherwords,earthquakesaretheshakingoftheearth’ssurfacecausedbytheearth’srockyouterlayer.Theenergystoredwithinissuddenlyreleased.Thedamageanearthquakecausesdependsonwhereitisandwhenitishappening.Ifanunpopulatedregionisstruck,therewillbelowlossoflifeorproperty.___37___Manyoftheareasatriskarelargelypopulatednow.Majorearthquakeshittingthoseareastodaycouldproduceterribledamage.___38___Fortunately,however,mostofthemareunnoticedtothepublicbecauseofthesmallRichterscale(震级).Butlargeearthquakessuchasthe1964Alaskanquakethatmeasured9.2ontheRichterscale,cancausemillionsofdollarsindamage.___39___In1972,aseriesofsevereearthquakesstruckManagua,Nicaragua.Fifteenyearslater,thecitystilllookedthewayithadaweekaftertheearthquakehit,becausethecitywasinsuchamessthatitdidn’thavethemoneynecessarytorebuildit.Theshakingoftheearthissometimesnotthegreatestdisaster.___40___Inthe1906earthquake,itwasthefirescausedafteritthatdidthemajorityofthedamage.Anearthq